tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-55727441133211451242024-03-27T16:51:45.294-05:00Radical ModerationGoing to extremes trying to be reasonable about... well, everything.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.comBlogger595125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-41088291363543579182024-03-27T16:49:00.001-05:002024-03-27T16:51:11.345-05:00On NBC's De-Hiring of Ronna McDanielIt's worth remembering that the last time a major US political party was destroyed and replaced by a new one, there was a civil war.<div><br /></div><div>Political re-alignments happen all the time. I assert that the Democrats and Republicans of 1965 are closer to the Republicans and Democrats of 2024, respectively. That process was well underway before MAGA reared its ugly head. It was evolutionary, not revolutionary. Similar processes have occurred many times throughout the history of both parties.</div><div><br /></div><div>What's happening today isn't <i>quite</i> a revolution, but it's getting awfully close. As someone with grandchildren whom I'd like to see grow up in a peaceful society, I don't want a revolution. At the same time, it's clear that the US two-party democracy can't continue when one of the two parties has lost its freakin' mind. So finding a way to soft-land Republican insanity and nudge its adherents back onto a track where they can actually participate in governing is essential.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now: It's abundantly clear that Trump's MAGA ideology has seized all of the levers of power in the GOP. As a result, it should be unsurprising that Ronna McDaniel, as the RNC chairwoman, spouted a lot of MAGA nonsense during her tenure, up to and including asserting that the 2020 election was illegitimate. There's a good case to be made that hiring an election-denier in any sort of journalistic capacity, even one providing commentary only, can't be tolerated.</div><div><br /></div><div>But when you hire former political operatives as commentators, there's an unspoken assumption that you won't hold everything the operative did against the credibility of the commentator. Without a little bit of forgiveness, or at least a wink and a nod to the unsavory business of politics as it's fought in the trenches, there's simply no path to bring people who actually understand the business of politics into the business of journalism. That's likely a mistake, since insights into how politics is actually conducted are pretty useful.</div><div><br /></div><div>So hiring or firing McDaniel is kind of a toss-up so far.</div><div><br /></div><div>But we also have to consider the desirability of GOP rehabilitation. Maybe that's a little premature, given that there's a life-or-death struggle going on to ensure that Trump is defeated, discredited, and removed from public life, either via shunning or incarceration. But what comes immediately after that (hoped for) defeat is important, and requires planning now, so that the consequent implosion of the GOP doesn't trigger systemic threats in the opposite direction.</div><div><br /></div><div>Ronna McDaniel is Mitt Romney's niece. I'd be pretty surprised if, behind the scenes, she's anything other than a vanilla-flavored, ca. 2012 Republican. As a commentator who knows the bowels of the MAGA GOP intimately but who's presumably sane, she'd be a real asset to any news organization that aspires to be anything other than a single-party mouthpiece.</div><div><br /></div><div>Firing her from NBC does two things:</div><div><br /></div><div>1) It reinforces the (correct) perception that MSNBC is nothing more than a Democratic Party propaganda outlet.</div><div><br /></div><div>2) It signals to all Republicans that the other side has no intention of forgiving them for what they allowed to happen to their party.</div><div><br /></div><div>The first of these is regrettable. The second is outright dangerous.</div><div><br /></div><div>The most tragic thing to come from Trumpism is the banishment of any sort of intelligent conservative argument from public discourse. Until those ideas are allowed re-emerge and act as a counterweight to a liberalism that isn't quite as batshit crazy as MAGA, but is seriously off-track and out of step with the American public, governance is going to be impossible.</div><div><br /></div><div>Republican rehabilitation is going to be a rancorous affair on both sides, but failure to do it is going to be a national security problem. I'm pretty sure that some kind of truth and reconciliation process includes letting Ronna McDaniel say what she really thinks, get slapped around for it, and slowly get moved to a position where she can articulate something that's actually useful.</div><div><br /></div><div>I hope somebody else takes a chance on her. I also hope that they give her a really hard time.</div>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-10118264599155684062023-12-03T18:07:00.003-06:002023-12-03T23:33:39.845-06:00Gasify. Decarbonize. Mitigate. Restore.<p><a href="https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/biden-harris-administration-strengthens-proposal-cut-methane-pollution-protect">The Biden Administration plans to strengthen regulations controlling methane emissions from oil and gas wells, pipelines, and refinery infrastructure.</a> This is a good action. It reduces a lot of greenhouse gas emissions very cheaply and quickly. The costs to the oil and gas industry--and therefore to the consumer--are tiny.</p><p>It fits in well with what I think should be the global strategy for managing climate change as well as we can, as cheaply as we can. If climate change can't be managed cheaply, then it won't be managed. We'll regret that, but there's simply no way to force half the planet to forgo the benefits of an industrial economy to mitigate something that hasn't really happened yet. Humans are vulnerable to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_frog">Boiling Frog Syndrome</a>.</p><p>If you go back far enough in this blog, you'll probably find me expressing skepticism that climate change is a problem that needed to be addressed immediately. I'm now convinced. There's enough data that the medium-to-worst-case predictions from the IPCC are correct. We need to act.</p><p>The question is <i>how</i> to act. I believe that there are four overlapping phases of climate action:</p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>Gasify</b>. The lowest-hanging fruit for reducing GHG is to replace coal with gas. Coal is still the largest worldwide source of energy production, and it's by far the most greenhouse gas-intensive source of energy. Getting rid of it is essential. </p><p style="text-align: left;">Retrofitting coal-fired electricity generation with gas is incredibly cheap, and gas emits less than half the CO2 of coal. Replacing all coal-fired generation with gas would reduce US emissions by half a billion metric tonnes of CO2. I don't know what the worldwide number for coal emissions is, but I'd be surprised if replacing coal with gas didn't reduce world GHG emissions by at least 20%.</p><p style="text-align: left;">But this only helps if the natural gas infrastructure doesn't leak. If methane leaks into the atmosphere, it has 80x the warming potential of CO2. So a thorough inventory of leaking infrastructure and regulations requiring the leaks to be fixed are essential.</p><p style="text-align: left;">This isn't hard. Big methane leaks can be detected by satellite. Smaller leaks require some labor and detector infrastructure, but a small amount of labor yields a large amount of detection. Then you have to fix the leaks, but that's mostly to the producer or distributor's advantage. It's as close to a policy no-brainer as we'll get.</p><p style="text-align: left;">The time horizon on gasification could be as short as a decade. That would require beating up on the coal industry pretty aggressively, but even modest incentives for gas conversion should crater demand for coal even more than has already happened.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Outside the US, this will be harder, because the regulatory landscape is rockier, and the gas distribution infrastructure is less mature. It'll be a tough sell to convince developing countries to install pipelines that should only be used for 10-20 years, then eliminated. That seems like an area where the developing world can provide some policy help. But first, the developing world need to understand that short-term reliance on gas does the whole world a giant favor. I can't say that I'm sanguine for this happening, but it'll give us a decent amount of breathing room if it does.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><b>Decarbonize</b>. Ten years ago, I would've told you that nuclear power was going to be cheaper than renewables. For existing nukes, that is still overwhelmingly true, and we should be doing everything we can to extend licenses on existing plants. Only an idiot would shut one down if it can still operate safely. But, sadly, the cost of new nuclear (greater than $5500/kW in overnight costs in the US), and the management of that construction, is so bad that the carrying costs during construction make them uneconomical.</p><p style="text-align: left;">The knock against renewables is that they're intermittent, and the cost of storing their overproduction to even out the periods of underproduction makes the levelized cost of a mostly-renewable grid higher than a fossil grid, and quite a bit higher than a gas-dominant grid. </p><p style="text-align: left;">That's still true, but it probably won't be in five years. The levelized cost of storage is plummeting, not only because battery costs are plummeting, but because the market is starting to adjust to the idea of a grid with massive overproduction at some times of the day. This makes the business case for things like green hydrogen (and green methane--more on this in a moment) start to look rosy.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Then the big barrier to the roll-out of renewables will be permitting costs, NIMBY and environmental delays, and grid upgrades (which come with their own permitting costs and NIMBY/environmental delays.)</p><p style="text-align: left;">Decarbonization requires more than just producing a decarbonized grid. There are still industrial applications that require massive amounts of process heat (e.g. metals production, concrete, ceramics), and of course there's transportation, where electric vehicles are dropping in cost but still nowhere near competitive with internal combustion. And there's space heating.</p><p style="text-align: left;">There's a massive infrastructure of piping for carrying gasoline, fuel oil, aviation fuels, and, most importantly, natural gas. Replacing that infrastructure will take decades, and doing it much quicker will be unaffordable (cf. Boiling Frog Syndrome, above).</p><p style="text-align: left;">But we can stop pulling new fossil fuels out of the ground, and replace them with green synfuels.</p><p style="text-align: left;">You can make hydrogen by electrolyzing water. It's not particularly efficient, but if you have terawatts of excess solar capacity that costs almost nothing, you don't particularly care how efficient it is. And once you have the hydrogen, you can use it as a primary fuel, for turning turbines to make electricity when renewables aren't available, or as a feedstock to make carbon-based fuels. Pull CO2 from the atmosphere, run it and hydrogen over a catalyst, and you get green methane (no fossil fuels involved) through the Sabatier process, which has been in use since the late nineteenth century. And with methane, you can use additional incredibly cheap energy to convert it to alkanes for transportation fuels and petrochemicals.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Note that this doesn't reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, because you're going to burn the green methane to make things go. But it doesn't increase it either. It's carbon-neutral.</p><p style="text-align: left;">This is all a bigger deal than gasification, but it's the road to zero net carbon emissions. It'll take 20-40 years to do this. There are substantial policy problems, with two standing out:</p><p style="text-align: left;">First, the fossil fuel industry will hate this, and will resist it with their substantial political clout. This will be further complicated by the fact that we need their cooperation to get the gasification effort to work. That's not straightforward, but it does have a political divide-and-conquer play built in: get the oil and gas people to gang up on the coal people and wipe them out. But that devil's bargain needs to be made explicit in policy: Oil and gas gets a brief reprieve to beat up on coal, but they're expected to manage their portfolio of assets so they're in the synfuel business in 20-40 years, and their assets in the ground stay there, pretty much forever.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Second, we simply can't afford the NIMBYism any longer. The people who don't want giant solar and wind farms down the street are going to have to get over themselves. Some people are going to have to live with high-voltage transmission lines on or near their property. And all the environmental crap and litigiousness associated with building ridiculously cheap intermittent capacity--the kind that can be used by the synfuel business, as well as any other set of applications that require lots of energy but don't particularly care when it arrives--needs to be eliminated. This requires legislative courage and leadership.</p><p style="text-align: left;">No problem there, eh?</p><p style="text-align: left;">If all of this goes well, humanity will have performed one of the greatest feats in history: for the first time since the industrial revolution, the greenhouse gases going into the atmosphere will return to pre-industrial levels.</p><p style="text-align: left;">But the ones already there will remain. And that'll eventually destroy civilization. I believe that we're already past the point of no return. It may take 50-100 years for things to unravel, but they will eventually. 2ºC warming, which is likely, even with fairly aggressive action, is too much stress for a civilization as complex as ours to withstand. Do you think our politics are messed up now? Just wait until we have another ¾ of a ºC baked into the system and see where we are. There are going to be a lot more have-nots than haves, and they're not going to sit by idly and watch the lives they know disappear.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>Mitigate</b>. The Paris agreement and the IPCC are all trying to get to carbon neutrality by 2040. They'll fail. And even if they could do so, the carbon in the atmosphere will produce significant economic hardship, which will result in mass migrations from the global south to the north, which will foment even more unrest than we've seen already. And that can end civilization just as effectively as massive crop failures and temperatures so high that large chunks of the Earth become uninhabitable.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Typically, when we talk about climate mitigation, most people think of building dikes and flood-control systems, engineering crops that can withstand new climates, and otherwise learning to adapt to a bad situation. All of those things are fine, but they won't be sufficient.</p><p style="text-align: left;">We need to invest in geoengineering.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Unlike adaptation, geoengineering makes the world artificially cooler than it would be if left to naturally warm with the burden of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. It's an imperfect band-aid, largely for three reasons:</p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>It's a political and diplomatic heavy lift. There will be winners and losers to geoengineering, and at some point we'll have to run roughshod over the losers without them starting a war. I believe that's doable, but we should be under no illusions about how hard it will be.</li><li>It doesn't change the chemistry. Bad stuff other than simple warming happens when there's lots of carbon in the atmosphere. The most serious is ocean acidification. But that takes a long time.</li><li>Once you start, you can't stop. Failure for the world to continue to maintain geoengineering once it starts will cause the dreaded "termination shock", where we get no time to adjust to a step-function in global temperatures.</li></ol>Nonetheless, there are fairly simple things we can do to bring down temperatures in the face of otherwise-overwhelming forcing functions. These need to be investigated and experimented with <i>now</i>, so they can be deployed with confidence in 20-50 years. And we'll probably need to maintain them for 100-200 years.<p></p><p style="text-align: left;">But not forever. Bad things happen between now and forever. If we wait long enough, there will be a termination shock, and it'll kill a stressed civilization.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"><b>Restore</b>. So, eventually, we need to take the carbon we've put into the atmosphere over the last 200 years out of it, and fix it into limestone, where it can't come bubbling up out of old oil and gas wells, or rot away to produce methane, or otherwise sneak back into the atmosphere when we're in one of our periods when we're too stupid to keep our eyes on the ball.</p><p style="text-align: left;">This is a problem we don't know how to solve. There are some proposals. Some of them might be quite cheap, but in my view they're long-shots.</p><p style="text-align: left;">We should count on the problem only being tractable through the expenditure of massive amounts of energy.</p><p style="text-align: left;">The world generated 29 gigawatt-hours of electricity in 2022. Let's double that for process and space heating and call it 60GWh. As the rest of the world industrializes and becomes used to first-world living standards, we should count on that tripling in the next 50 years. Call it 200GWh. But that's without any estimate for how much energy will be needed to pull out the CO2.</p><p style="text-align: left;">We've put 1.1 teratonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution began. The thermodynamic requirement for removing CO2 comes out to about 250kWh/t. We might be able to do better than that with artificial weathering and other geoengineering techniques, but let's use this as a worst case and plan to remove all 1.1Tt by brute force. That'll require 2.75 x 10^17Wh of energy. (For those of you playing along at home, that's 275 petawatt-hours of energy.) If we amortize that over 200 years, that requires increasing yearly world energy consumption by a factor of roughly 7000.</p><p style="text-align: left;">That's sobering.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Is it physically possible to produce that much energy? Sure. It requires science fiction, but not magical science fiction: solar power satellites beaming energy from space, fusion reactors, terrestrial solar panels with deployed costs of pennies per megawatt, geothermal energy available anywhere on Earth, supplied by shafts that cost a few hundred dollars per kilometer to drill and stabilize.</p><p style="text-align: left;">All of this is within the capability of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale">Kardashev Type I civilization</a>. If we don't destroy our civilization, either through a climate catastrophe or another of the existential threats we face, this is eminently doable in the next 200 years. But that's the kind of timescale we're looking at before we can put the climate crisis behind us.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Putting it all together:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKb9UWwdgDccTqWPBr46HUqgIw8YqNNnz-09bSTZn5X19ggZs5-pv4DZtXpHch56MQkaqdZyyKyD45novqQNYM6CzYoaOHaevDEUTZPWIhqEXMgQpY7CCkko0KNBFGoSci9Nm0G7C8nwisLTnnSTRkzZUUpnquLyHKNVIUfVmEUVqaWy32KH_GPuGEQRS5/s1133/chart%20(1).png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="701" data-original-width="1133" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKb9UWwdgDccTqWPBr46HUqgIw8YqNNnz-09bSTZn5X19ggZs5-pv4DZtXpHch56MQkaqdZyyKyD45novqQNYM6CzYoaOHaevDEUTZPWIhqEXMgQpY7CCkko0KNBFGoSci9Nm0G7C8nwisLTnnSTRkzZUUpnquLyHKNVIUfVmEUVqaWy32KH_GPuGEQRS5/w400-h248/chart%20(1).png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p style="text-align: left;">You'll note that I've been extremely vague about costs. That's largely because they're unknowable. However, I'll rephrase what I said at the beginning: If people notice that the costs of climate mitigation affect them, they'll resist it. On the other hand, it'll be very hard for them to attribute the costs of climate change to any one event in their lives that causes them loss. It's irrational, but people are irrational about lots of things.</p><p style="text-align: left;">The thing that can save us is technology. One of the reasons why I used to be a climate skeptic was that it didn't really matter, because there was a hierarchy of things that had to happen to care one way or another:</p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Is climate change happening? (The answer to this has been "yes" for quite a while.)</li><li>Is it caused by human activity? ("Yes" for not quite as long, but long enough.)</li><li>How bad is it? (I don't believe we really had a definitive answer to this until about 10-15 years ago.)</li><li>Is there anything we can do about it?</li></ol>It's this last item where the answer was "no" until very recently. Renewables costs were still too high, battery tech was kinda in limbo, and we didn't have a good idea of what a renewables-dominated electric grid looked like.<p></p><p style="text-align: left;">I'm still not sure that we've gotten over the "what can we do?" hurdle. We can sprinkle photovoltaics all over the place pretty cheaply, but can't create instant infrastructure out of them, and the developing world wants the benefits of industrial society <i>now. </i>If they can't get those benefits using renewables or some other non-emitting energy source, they'll use coal, gas, and oil.</p><p style="text-align: left;">So there are scaling problems with the technology we have, even though the cost curve looks good. And the mitigation technologies are going to be insanely complicated to sell, and they're basically a problem in global collective action, which is, to say the least, an immature technology.</p><p style="text-align: left;">Through all of this, however, should be one overarching goal: Make energy as cheap and plentiful as possible. Only the profligate expenditure of energy can save us. With enough of it, all problems are solvable.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-43179518286586392122022-08-02T14:07:00.002-05:002022-08-02T14:07:53.824-05:00How Do You Pick a Jury to Prosecute Trump?<p>I would very much like to see Trump taken off the table. Having him in federal prison would do nicely. Not as nicely as if he would do us the favor of dying in an overtly non-suspicious way, but well enough. So from a naive standpoint, throwing the book at him would be very handy.</p><p>But if the DoJ is going to prosecute Trump, it has to win. Having him acquitted is considerably more catastrophic than declining to prosecute him in the first place. So here's what I think is the key question:</p><p>How do you pick a jury?</p><p>I would assume that "how did you vote" is probably a no-no as a <i>voir dire</i> question. Could you ask jurors if they're Republicans, Democrats, or independents? Could you restrict the jury pool only to independents?</p><p>And even if you could, how would you be able to tell if you hadn't empaneled a hard-core MAGA Trumpkin who was nominally independent? It only takes one for a hung jury--which is as bad as an acquittal, from a political and public policy standpoint.</p><p>It would be fine to screen thousands of jurors if you could find a genuinely impartial one. But I have grave doubts that there is a (legally acceptable) set of screening questions you could ask to be certain of your screening.</p><p>That makes the risks of prosecution huge. It may make prosecuting him at all a non-starter.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-38227363376987267482022-01-13T01:29:00.001-06:002022-01-13T01:29:07.923-06:00Abundance As a Public Policy<p> Read <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/01/scarcity-crisis-college-housing-health-care/621221/?scrolla=5eb6d68b7fedc32c19ef33b4">this</a>. It's important.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-44467681132119651122021-09-18T00:30:00.001-05:002021-09-21T13:54:12.419-05:00A Nation of Assholes<p>Old fuddy-duddy conservatives (the fussy, boring kind, rather than the racist, authoritarian kind) have long harped on the necessity for members of a free society to govern their own passions. Either free people do this for themselves or somebody has to step in and do it for them. Allowing everybody simply to indulge whatever anti-social whim that pops into their heads simply doesn't work.</p><p>That governing, self-guided or otherwise imposed, is called civilization, and it's a genuinely good thing. This should not be in dispute by either side, even in this horrific period of national life.</p><p>But a whole bunch of people seem to need a quick refresher on a few points of public etiquette that collectively produce this "civilization" thing:</p><p>Physical confrontation is for life-or-death situations. If you're living your life by the credo, "Punch back twice as hard," you're not being heroic; you're being an asshole.</p><p>If you think that destroying other people's property is justified because you feel aggrieved, you're mistaken. You're also an asshole.</p><p>Bullying people you've never met in real life is barbaric. Barbarians are assholes.</p><p>If you don't really care about ideas in public life but you care passionately about power, you're not engaged in a more-in-sorrow-than-in-anger justification of your ends over your means, because you don't <i>have</i> ends. You're just being a thug, and thugs are assholes.</p><p>Modesty is a virtue most of the time. If you insist on constantly jumping up and down, shouting, "Lookit me! Lookit me!" you're not promoting your brand; you're being an asshole.</p><p>On the rare occasions when you thrust your opinions upon others, it really helps if they're well informed, concisely delivered, and part of a dialogue where you listen to your interlocutor's response, rather than just steamrolling the other person with nonsense. If you don't do this, you're not only a poor debater but also a poor conversationalist; in short; you're an asshole.</p><p>And above all: Rejoicing in others' pain and discomfort is a fleeting joy, and it's notoriously bad karma, because others will be happy to rejoice in your pain and discomfort in short order. That's because nobody roots for the success of an asshole.</p><p>This all used to be stuff that your mother would teach you. It was reinforced by your teachers, and your friends' parents, and pretty much every adult who influenced you. The vast majority of kids emulated the adults--as they still do--and grew up to be decent. It didn't work for everybody, but the decent-people-to-assholes ratio was high.</p><p>Sometimes kids had absent parents or grew up within a poor social network, and they had serious disadvantages. A larger-than-average number of them grew up to be assholes. But by and large, civilization mattered. Culture mattered. It didn't have to be the culture of a particular race or identity; all that was necessary was that each culture acknowledged that we owed each other a modicum of respect, and if we couldn't muster the respect, we could fake it.</p><p>I don't wish to whitewash the past. A lot of bad stuff occurred in the past, and much of it was baked into the culture. It produced vast inequities and pain. In some cases, the cover of good manners and civilized behavior in the most visible parts of the public allowed people to perpetrate truly barbaric acts just off the public stage. That stuff needed--needs--to be eliminated. But you don't tear everything down because it isn't perfect. You recognize the good stuff and cultivate it, and you work on identifying the bad stuff and fixing it. If you think that everything about your society is evil, you probably live a fairly miserable existence. That kind of misery can turn you into an asshole.</p><p>We have become a nation of assholes.</p><p>This has been a long time coming. Maybe it's an inevitable consequence of growing up in a society where things are easy, and easiness breeds decadence. Maybe it's because, while the bedrock civilizational parts of a culture are essential, there's a lot of other ugly stuff around the edges. If you're uncomfortable with the ugly stuff, it's easy to forget about the essential stuff. But if you stop paying attention to it, it's a perishable skill if you don't practice it.</p><p>As usual, I'm not sure how we restore the essential parts of the formula. Fuddy-duddy conservatism doesn't help any more, because we failed to conserve the important stuff. It's gone. What we need is some very selective restoration. Normally, restoration and reaction are kissin' cousins, but that presupposes that conservation has done its job and prevented the civilizational baby from being thrown out with the antiquated bathwater during the march of progress. Progress without conservation leads to disaster. Conservation without progress leads to stagnation. We seem to have had both of these pathologies, simultaneously. </p><p>Finding our way back may require more skill and patience than we know how to muster. But we have to try, and we have to do it pretty soon or we'll find out that civilization may be annoying but it sure beats the alternative. In the alternative, everbody's an asshole.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-10969026565356058342021-01-15T17:07:00.000-06:002021-01-15T17:07:07.340-06:00The Public Debate On Social Networks We Aren't Having<p>Trump's recent de-platforming is of course controversial and has stirred up the usual furious "Is not! Is so!" yammering by one side shouting past the other, and vice versa. FWIW, I'm glad Trump got de-platformed, at least for a while, but I'm pretty squeamish about allowing private companies with natural monopolies to wield this amount of power over public discourse. I think I favor some kind of public utilities model, or at least a set of public regulations that codify what behavior will result in a user's ejection, and some kind of public appeal process.</p><p>That's an important discussion, but it's not the one I want to have today.</p><p>The interaction that users have with their social platforms represents the first large-scale experiment in the symbiosis between humans and AIs with a specific objective function. The results are simply horrible, but there may be reason to be encouraged.</p><p>All social platform AIs have essentially the same objective function: maximize engagement. The more minutes a user spends interacting with it, the more data can be harvested, and the more valuable that user's digital persona becomes to advertisers. To do this, the AI, which is a fairly straightforward machine learning system, recognizes patterns in what motivates a user to interact more strongly (i.e. longer, faster, with more posting, etc.), compares those patterns to those of other users with strong interactions, and feeds the user the same sort of content.</p><p>It works really well. But the process is completely amoral, because the objective function is amoral. The unanticipated consequence of this amorality is that the machine learning system optimizes for content that generates strong emotions because they generate the largest degree of engagement. Unfortunately, for a particular type of person, the strongest emotion is rage, or self-righteousness, or some other emotion that leads to craziness and danger.</p><p>In the course of maximizing engagement for these people, the AI has essentially become the perfect vehicle to send them down the rabbit hole, spiraling tighter and tighter into a community of like-minded crazies who, because they've <i>also</i> been led down the same hole by the same AI, reinforce each other with progressively crazier and crazier ideas. It's perfect for driving engagement levels even higher.</p><p>But it's terrible for the people in the hole, and it's even <i>more</i> terrible for civil society. In the Olden Times (ca. 2010), people with these predilections were strongly discouraged by their friends, neighbors, and civic leaders. But now those people don't <i>have</i> friends, neighbors, and leaders outside of the rabbit hole.</p><p>So the platform makes lots of money at the expense of civility.</p><p>There's a fairly famous thought experiment concerning poor choice of AI objective function. In it, we give a super-intelligent AI the objective function to maximize the production of paperclips. It starts out optimizing manufacturing and supply chains. Then it goes looking for more iron supplies because it needs more steel, and it ignores the environmental damage--that's not part of the objective function. Then it goes looking for more power for manufacturing and notices that people are consuming a lot of power that could otherwise go toward paperclip production, so it eliminates the people. It ends with the AI spreading out over the galaxy, converting entire solar systems to paperclips. Mind you, the AI is extremely smart. But it still has a purpose, and it uses its intelligence in service to that purpose.</p><p>Compared to a super-intelligent AI, the social platforms' AIs are dumber than stumps. But they've still managed to worm their ways into our behavior to an unprecedented degree. If there were ever a better illustration of how a poor choice of objective function can have disastrous consequences, this one gives the paperclip AI a run for its money.</p><p>Up at the top, I mentioned that there might be something encouraging here: You can change an objective function. If, instead of "maximize engagement", you can choose "maximize engagement without allowing users to fall down a rabbit hole". This is slightly more complex from a machine learning standpoint, but well within the state of the art. In doing so, there's a possibility that a lot of the insanity might abate.</p><p>Note, however, that this objective function does <i>not</i> maximize revenue for the social platforms. I think it doesn't do huge damage to their bottom lines, but if you gently guide people away from armed insurrection--or quilting fanaticism, or an unhealthy obsession with cat videos, or whatever--then you can still push maximum engagement across a sufficiently broad set of interests to mitigate the worst effects and still have a fine business model. Who knows? The platforms might even discover that by broadening the interests of their users, they found new advertising niches that could be more lucrative. After all, there's only so much camo gear and 5.56mm ammunition you can sell.</p><p>If you're getting a creepy-crawly feeling that's whispering "miiiiiiiind controooolll" in the back of your head: good. It's not a slam-dunk to engineer this sort of thing so that it's neutral about people's... enthusiasms. But we're already seeing the results of a different, brute-force kind of mind control. Doing better than that seems like it ought to be pretty easy.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-44363158963954676382021-01-09T19:16:00.000-06:002021-01-09T19:16:12.731-06:00Thoughts On 1/6<p>Well, we're in deep trouble.</p><p>This post is going to be a mess, because I'm having a huge amount of trouble wrapping my head around this. So maybe I ought to start with a bunch of things that I'm pretty sure are true:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Most people are not evil. They're not saints. They'll see things they know are wrong and turn a blind eye to them because it's easy. They'll find themselves in situations where it's easier (or more profitable) to do something a little bit corrupt. But only about 5% of the population could be diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder.</li><li>Most people aren't stupid. Intelligence is normally distributed, and there's no particular geographic variance in the distribution.</li><li>A <i>lot</i> of people are ignorant. They've had bad educations. They lack critical thinking skills. They don't read. They don't know how to do research. The American education system is a scandal, and has deteriorated to the point where it's a national security threat.</li><li>There's a point at which violent action against the government is justified. There is not broad agreement on where that point is.</li><li>You can't have a functioning society when at least 40% of the country thinks that the other 40% of the country is evil, and vice versa. (Note that, per assertion #1, each side is objectively wrong about at least 88% of the people that they hate.)</li><li>To be human is to be tribal. To be tribal is to hate, or at least profoundly mistrust, other tribes. Societies that don't acknowledge this are doomed. At the same time, the goal of a good society is to make the notion of the tribe inclusive enough to give people good high-level reasons to think of themselves as one tribe, while in the absence of the society they would hate each other for lower-level reasons.</li><li>To be human is to be intuitive, and intuition can lead you to believe some really weird stuff. The antidote to this tendency is training in how to reason. That's hard. (See #3.)</li></ol>That's pretty much all I'm sure of that's relevant.<p></p><p>It seems that we need answers--solutions--to three huge questions:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>When is violence against the government warranted?</li><li>What is the antidote for our hyper-acute tendency to believe weird stuff we saw on the internet?</li><li>How do we rebuild the American tribe?</li></ol><p>Let's take 'em one at a time:</p><h4 style="text-align: left;">Violence Against the Government</h4>Many of you will think that the first of these is a ridiculous thing to be debated, but it should be obvious to you now that many of your fellow citizens not only disagree but think that the threshold justifying violence has been breached. The apparent last straw for most of them seems to be that they sincerely believe that the presidential election was stolen.<p></p><p>Let's leave aside for a moment the fact that it <i>wasn't</i> stolen (that's a topic for huge question #2). Instead, let's ask a simple question: Is stealing an election grounds for violence?</p><p>We have lots of examples of stolen elections in any number of countries in which I am pleased not to live. But in most of those countries, stolen elections are merely a symptom, not a cause, of an extremely bad government.</p><p>I would agree that governments in Venezuela, Syria, North Korea, etc. are bad enough that a moral case can be made for attempting their violent overthrow. I'm not sure it's the best tactic, but I'm not on the ground and can't make a judgement. These places are far gone, but the lack of free and fair elections is the <i>least</i> of their problems.</p><p>We have a few recent examples of places that were well on their way to needing violent corrections, and in those places an obviously rigged election seems to have been the last straw. However, in those places <i>peaceful</i> demonstrations seem to have been much more successful in backing governments away from the edge than violent ones.</p><p>The United States is not currently Syria or Venezuela. If an election were stolen, it's highly likely that peaceful demonstrations would be more effective than violence. What we saw at the Capitol was violent. As such it is more likely to make things worse than better.</p><p>A quick aside here: I'm sure that there were many peaceful protesters at the Capitol. Similarly, I'm sure that there were violent incidents fomented by protesters in Kiev and Tahrir Square. Even more to the point, we know that there were violent incidents during the BLM protests. So it's important to recognize that the line between peaceful and violent is fuzzy. For me, the BLM protests were largely peaceful, but I admit that's a judgement call and it's a debatable topic. However, there's no question that the overall character of the Capitol "protest" was violent.</p><h4 style="text-align: left;">Crazy Stuff</h4><p>Of course, we wouldn't have to make judgement calls about peaceful vs. violent if a whole bunch of people hadn't believed something that was full-blown batshit crazy. I'm not going to litigate the overwhelming likelihood that the election was honest, because then I'd be writing a 20,000 word post instead of a simple 3000 word one.</p><p>People aren't evil. They're not stupid. But they are ignorant. Even worse, they're untrained in how to approach novel situations. I'm not going to hold myself up as a paragon of Reason in the face of new, scary stuff, but I do know how to do at least informal research. I know to check sources. On my better days, I can entertain the idea that some of my beliefs and assumptions are wrong, even though I'll fight to preserve them right up until the moment when they're no longer tenable.</p><p>A first-order explanation for why things have gone so wrong is that ordinary people have suddenly had massive loads of information shoved down their throats via social media, and conspiracy theories are a simple way of making sense of the confusion. A conspiracy theory has a narrative. The outline of the story is simple and compelling, while the ramifications make it feel complex enough to mimic the complexity of the real world.</p><p>I don't know how to make this stop. Tens of millions of words by deeper thinkers and better writers than I have been devoted to this. However, I do have a few unorganized thoughts on a few parts of the solution:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Censorship won't work. First, attempts to censor will make a weak conspiracy theory suddenly seem to be absolute Truth. If somebody doesn't want you to see it, then there must be a Reason, right? Riiiiiiiight??? I'm overjoyed that Twitter took away Trump's car keys, but that's mostly because we have to survive the next few months. (And of course there's the little fact that I hate him. <i>Hate</i> him. I wish him ill. More than any person I've ever encountered. The hatred is exhausting and I can't seem to make myself stop, even for my own good.)</li><li>A necessary condition for rooting out pockets of craziness is that we be able to see that they're forming. To do that, everybody needs to be able to see the graph of the social network in as much detail as the social media companies can. This will take money out of their pockets. It will be hard to draft the legislation in a way that's simple enough for third parties to be able to monitor things and bulletproof enough to be enforceable. Nonetheless, it needs to be done.</li><li>It's bad for people to interact with an AI whose sole objective function is to make them interact with it more. This needs to be illegal. Again, this is hard, because the <i>reductio ad absurdum</i> version of this argument is that all social media must be boring, and that won't work. A modest, half-baked suggestion: If you can make an AI that can recognize the best way to maximize a user's engagement, you can make an AI that can recognize when that user is falling down an unhealthy rabbit hole, and make him stop. Again, it's tricky codifying things like "unhealthy" and "rabbit hole". It's even trickier figuring out how to prove that an AI conforms to the definitions and is operating correctly, especially since even its creators don't know exactly what it's doing or how it's doing it.</li><li>AI-driven social media is an existential threat to American society, and likely an existential threat to humanity in general. No, this isn't a "killer AIs are going to kill us all" rant; it's a "human behavior augmented by AIs is unstable" rant. We are like <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrZagvsP3o0">the Krell in <i>Forbidden Planet</i>,</a> and our own Monsters from the Id are already roaming the earth, unchecked. We should listen to the AI alarmists a lot more, and we should be tackling codifying the rules for what is and isn't acceptable, ASAP.</li><li>I always roll my eyes when somebody suggests that if we only had a better educational system, everything would be fine. First, you get the benefits of better education twenty years in the future and at this rate that will produce a generation of highly educated young adults who can contemplate the rubble that their parents left them. But we do need to work hard to give <i>adults</i> the tools needed to grapple with the firehose of information that's been installed in them. I'd start with the fifty-year-olds and work my way down, so we can meet the Gen Z+'s (Gen AA?) in the middle. It seems to me that there are abundant opportunities for tools that can manage information, determine its primary sources, and gently point out when something is full-blown batshit crazy. I devoutly hope the people who try to produce these tools live in Omaha, rather than Menlo Park, or the target audience won't use them.</li></ol><div>I'm... not sanguine that any of the stuff above is going to make a difference in the short term. It's all vitally necessary but, like education, it's going to take a long time to get right. That's not a reason to do nothing, but ultimately, I think our survival depends less on adapting technology to the humans and more on adapting the humans to their culture--or possibly vice versa.</div><h4 style="text-align: left;">Healing the American Tribe</h4><div>It's important to understand where the bad craziness is coming from and how to make it stop--eventually. But we're going to have to rely on older, more time-tested methods if we're to survive the next year, or five years, or even ten years.</div><div><br /></div><div>We need a culture war armistice.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now: As a moderate conservative, six years ago I was comfortable describing myself as economically conservative and socially liberal, under the clearly incorrect assumption that a live-and-let-live culture would work itself out, and the best way to assist it in doing so was to ensure that it wasn't burdened with economic turmoil.</div><div><br /></div><div>I was wrong, both on the culture and on the economics.</div><div><br /></div><div>I'm going to leave the economics for another day, other than to say that the Trumpism doesn't care about <i>any</i> of the things that economic conservatives care about, and that seems to have freed large chunks of the Democratic Party to think up ways that they can spend us into a debt spiral even faster than the Republicans can. A lot of those ways are responsible for the "Socialism!!!!!!" panic attack that's instilled in the current GOP. The lack of self-awareness on both sides is... sobering.</div><div><br /></div><div>The much more serious problem is that both sides have become cultural nihilists.</div><div><br /></div><div>On the left, with have this weird, identity politics crossed with intersectionality death cult. On the right, we have this hollow edifice of buzzwords to which the GOP still pays lip service, but the parts that cared about real families and real civics has been eaten by demagogic termites. The religious stuff is still lurking in there, but it seems more like Democrat-style identity politics than real faith these days.</div><div><br /></div><div>Both sides are nuts. </div><div><br /></div><div>I don't know how to restore any of this. I'm a kinda-old white guy, so my observations on how to fix American culture are going to seem... quaint? Still, I'm 2000 words into this, so let's let'r rip:</div><div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>I've said this before in this blog, but I'll say it again: Just because identity politics is more effective than ideological or interest-based politics doesn't mean that it's a good idea. It is tailor-made for polarization, because its foundations rest on the idea that one group is denying the other group (or groups) the stuff that they're entitled to, and the only way to fix it is to drag down the bad group. Then the remaining groups can apply this process recursively until things look more like Bosnia than the United States.</li><li>I like living in a tolerant society. There's a lot of stuff that I'll tolerate that I'd rather not have to deal with very much, though. There's a fine line here, because sometimes my not dealing with it is intolerant, or at least denies others rights that are easy for me to wield but hard for them to acquire, much less wield. That said, we're bumping up against those pesky limits to human nature: push people too hard, too fast, and they react negatively. You make more progress with a gradual improvement than a storm-the-barricades revolution, followed by 20 years of reactionaries working to undo what really hadn't been done in the first place. Patience.</li><li>Respect is a huge deal. I'm a mostly urban person, and I don't get the cultural things that the rural people are upset about. I wouldn't want to live with them. But I don't look down on them, and I respect that they probably find the stuff that's important to me to be pretty silly. I want to make this very clear, though: If Tribe Blue insists that Tribe Red is living the wrong way, Tribe Red is going to become increasingly angry. Angry people are more susceptible to craziness, and craziness makes them think that things like ransacking the Capitol is an act of patriotism rather than the single biggest blow to the foundations of the American Experiment in the last 150 years.</li></ol><div>All three of these things are more conservative than they are liberal. But they're a much more classical conservatism than Trumpism is. The prescription for the Red Tribe is therefore that they need to take a breath and figure out what it means to practice what they preach, because the cartoon version really isn't cutting it.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The prescription for the Blue Tribe is more complicated, because there's no reason why they should be forced to backtrack on stuff like police reforms and working to reframe the conversation about racism in America. But all of those gains will be lost if they're framed in an us-vs-them rhetoric. As I said, I'm an old white guy, and I won't even pretend to understand the rage and despair that's been bubbling under the surface without me seeing it. But at the same time, if this is a zero-sum game where my position in society has to be sacrificed so that others can take its place, I'll be on the other side of that one. There's a positive-sum solution to this stuff, but it requires more nuance and patience than have been shown recently.</div><div><br /></div><div>And for god's sake, show some respect. This is asking <i>a lot, </i>especially this week, when the worst that the Red Tribe has to offer has been on horrifying display. But there's no solution to this horrible situation we've gotten our selves into without an act of faith or two.</div><p></p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-82757974707465449292020-12-11T02:21:00.004-06:002020-12-11T02:24:57.275-06:00Explaining My Shame<p>The following is not an excuse; it's an explanation.</p><p>Back in the 80's I was young and a pretty vanilla-flavored Reagan Republican. Even then, you could hear the dog whistle to the right-wing crazies and racists, but it was faint, and they were effectively suppressed from having any power in the party. Meanwhile, the Democrats were still recovering from having gone full-blown batshit crazy in the 60's and early 70's. (Nixon played dirty, but he probably didn't need to.)</p><p>In the 90's I was disillusioned with the whole system. I wasn't super happy with Clinton, but Bush was unexciting and Dole was a nonentity.</p><p>By the end of the 90's the dog whistle was a lot louder, but I could still justify voting for conservative policies, even if the unsavory types were starting to ooze out of the cracks. I voted for Obama in 2008 because McCain clearly didn't know what he was doing, but for Romney in 2012. By this point, I couldn't in good conscience call myself a Republican, because the crazies were, if not actively driving the bus, at least whispering instructions to the driver. Still, I was right of center, and when push came to shove I voted more Republican than not.</p><p>(An aside: The Massachusetts governor version of Romney is pretty much my dream candidate. It's a shame that the only thing he couldn't manage was a presidential campaign, and it's a shame that that version didn't run.)</p><p>Which brings us to Trump.</p><p>I was just as shocked--and horrified--as anyone that Trump beat Hillary. I didn't see it coming, and reckoning with the fact that <i>that many people would vote for him under any circumstances </i>was sobering, to say the least. Still, I thought that the lesson to learn was that there were a whole bunch of desperate people who weren't being listened to. The backup lesson was that they were furiously angry for being actively hated by half the country, and lashing out was poor form but possibly understandable. At this point, I was still willing to entertain the idea that I could vote for decent conservatives at some point in the future, after the insanity had abated. I still considered myself a right-leaning independent.</p><p>That the 2020 election was as close as it was has really shaken my faith in humanity. That so many people were willing to vote for the Worst Person in the World after seeing him oozing along the national and international stage for 4 years is simply incomprehensible. Still, in the days following the election, even with Trump doing his full-up Pennywise the Clown act, I thought that we were still mostly dealing with people who had voted for policies they liked, and were willing to extend the deal they'd made with the Devil to get them. At this point, I'd pretty much resolved never to vote for any officeholder who had ever supported Trump, but I still thought that eventually the insanity would break.</p><p>Well, <i>that's</i> out the window now. When three quarters of Republicans think that an obviously normal election was somehow fixed because their guy didn't win, and are willing to engage in extra-legal means to reverse the outcome, we're no longer dealing with fringe insanity. Instead, we're dealing with insanity as the very core of the GOP.</p><p>I am deeply ashamed that I voted for these guys, ever. I am deeply ashamed that I didn't see the seed of the rotting tree that they would become. I will never vote for another candidate with an (R) next to his or her name.</p><p>I am a Democrat.</p><p>I can't say I'm happy about this, because I still think that moderate conservative policies are better than liberal policies, and the Democrats are pretty far left of center these days. But the policies simply don't matter when you're dealing with crazy people. Yes, the Democrats have crazy people as well, but they're so much better managed than the Republican managed their crazies that there's no longer basis for comparison.</p><p>Of course, that's what I thought of the Republicans in the 80's. The difference is that I'm reasonably confident that I'll be dead before the craziness gets bad enough on the Left to have to weigh it against whatever happens next on the Right.</p><p>Meanwhile, I'm still trying to believe that there's an explanation for why the Right went nuts. So far, I can't find it. I really want to find it, because it means that there might be rational people with whom reasonable discussions can occur. And without reason, I'm very frightened that the nation will be a howling wasteland for quite a while.</p><p>I'm sorry.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-70596276707790823172020-11-08T17:11:00.003-06:002020-11-08T17:17:29.006-06:00How Can the Worst Person in the World Get Almost Half the Vote?<p> It's going to be hard for the modest majority who voted for Biden to forgive the substantial minority who voted for Trump. It is also essential that they find some way of doing so.</p><p>By far the most common sentiment I've heard from Biden voters is that they simply don't understand how anybody can vote for the Worst Person in the World. The prevailing theory seems to be that half the country has gone full-blown batshit crazy. That's a theory with dark implications, because you don't reason or negotiate with crazy people; you defeat and contain them. Needless to say, the Trump side will resist that. This is a fine recipe for at least a cold civil war, with more than an outside chance at a hot one.</p><p>So it'd be nice to have an alternate theory. I think I have one.</p><p>First, because I live in Texas, and have children who live in Georgia and Florida, I'm exposed to Trump people. Most of them aren't crazy. They are, by and large, perfectly decent, intelligent citizens. So I'm forced to the conclusion that they've made rational decisions. That doesn't mean that I <i>agree</i> with those decisions, but they shouldn't be dismissed as illegitimate.</p><p>People judge political leaders, either explicitly or implicitly, based on their own priorities and how well the candidate performs with respect to those priorities. I and most of Biden voters have put an extremely high priority on the president <i>not</i> being the Worst Person in the World. As a moderate conservative, if Trump had been semi-normal, I would have still had trouble with a lot of his accomplishments (or lack thereof), but I am, in principle, in favor of a government that's as small as possible but no smaller, with only essential regulations, and with a fairly conservative view of the law. That these policies were implemented by an incompetent, in a fashion that provided minimum benefit for maximum pain, causes me to score Trump below average on them. But I suspect that I would have scored potential Biden policies even lower. But I didn't even <i>consider</i> any of this when I voted, because Trump's loathsome and alarming character meant that he was instantly disqualified. Similarly, I voted almost straight Democratic, because people who enable the Worst Person in the World also score low enough on the character scale not to be trusted.</p><p>But reasonable people can disagree about the importance of character.</p><p>We've had plenty of presidents with less than sterling personalities. None of them (including Nixon) have been nearly as bad as Trump, but that's a matter of degree, not kind. It is a rational decision to rank character lower than policy in your own personal presidential calculus.</p><p>I think that this is what 60% of Trump World did. They knew they were making a deal with the Devil, and they decided that it was worth it. We may view that as an incredibly bad decision, but it's not an irrational one. We have a fine process for working through opposing views on decisions: it's called participating in a democratic republic. That process is still there. It's been battered and bruised, but it can heal. The political operators in it can decide to allow their norms to revert closer to the mean, and things will be... if not okay, at least better.</p><p>But it leaves two big questions.</p><p>First, what do we do with the 40% of TrumpWorld that really isn't rational? That's roughly 20% of the country. That's... unfortunate. But we've always had 20%-30% of the country that was pretty much crazy, arrayed in varying proportions on the two extremes of the political spectrum, and we've done okay until recently. My first approximation to an answer to the problem posed by those people is that we try to understand the reality behind what makes them crazy, address it as best as possible, and treat them with respect, even if we don't feel that they've completely earned it.</p><p>The more troubling question is this: How could we have gotten to a point where 30% of the country could make the moral calculation that Trump's policy ends justified his loathsome means? How could so many people discount character as an important quality in a president?</p><p>And there, I don't have a good answer. The best one I have is that this is what happens when you stop valuing a common culture that has at least a few unquestioned norms.</p><p>This is of course a fairly mainstream conservative argument. After all, the root of conservatism is to <i>conserve</i>. When we stop valuing cultural traditions, they wither. When they wither, the vacuum they leave behind is going to be filled by something. That "something" is a lot more chaotic than what it replaced.</p><p>Sometimes that chaos is necessary. There's always been a balance in America between forcing diverse cultures into the American consensus and embracing the diversity of those cultures (and appropriating the bejeezus out of the interesting parts to make the consensus culture better). There's no question that the knob has been turned much farther to the left for the past sixty years than it was before that. There are good reasons to have done that, but there are also good reasons to think that you can only force change like this so quickly before things either crumble or there's a terrific backlash. In our case, <i>both</i> of those things are happening.</p><p>I'll go out on an absolutist limb and state that that's bad.</p><p>But there <i>is</i> a balance to this. Full-blown reaction won't work, but neither will cramming cultural chaos down the throats of a near-majority that <i>hates</i> it. That balance can be negotiated. But it requires acknowledging that the two poles requiring balance are both legitimate, and then capitalizing on the good will that comes from acknowledging that legitimacy.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-42744621179610016772020-09-20T17:03:00.001-05:002020-09-21T14:14:06.769-05:00The Supreme Court Appointment Is Not the Hill the Democrats Should Die On<p>There is no greater priority than getting Trump out of office. Yes, it's a bummer that SCOTUS is going to be seriously out of balance. (Truth in advertising: I'm what used to be called a moderate conservative, so this bothers me less than it will a lot of you.) But there's ultimately nothing to be done, unless at least four Republicans are sufficiently bothered by the prospect of establishing precedents and then blowing through them the <i>very next time</i> the issue comes up, or at least if they think that moderating can give them more swing votes than it loses from the base. (Hint: they probably won't think that.)</p><p>If Trump and McConnell want to ram this through, they can. The Democrats can probably drag it out past the election with procedural tricks if they want to, but that's about it.</p><p>They should absolutely <b>not</b> drag it out. That's an excellent way to lose the election.</p><p>I know it's like letting a particularly repulsive parasite run around inside your head, but think like Trump for a moment: How many juicy reality TV episodes is a scorched earth nomination fight worth to him? Now: How many episodes is an expedited confirmation process worth?</p><p>Given that, barring a miracle, <i>all</i> of the possible outcomes result in RBG's seat being filled by a conservative, let's go through the sub-outcomes. There are really only two of them:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Democrats fight and successfully delay the confirmation until after the election. In this case, Trump will incessantly tweet about how DISRUPTIVE SOCIALIST DEMOCRATS WANT TO PACK THE SUPREME COURT AND WILL USE ANY MEANS NECESSARY TO DO SO. This instantly converts all of the "I like the outcomes we get from Trump in power but he's too loathsome for me to bother to go vote" fence-sitters into people willing to brave going to the polls in a pandemic, pull the lever for Trump, and then throw up in the bushes while dousing themselves in hand-sanitizer. (Whether the hand-sanitizer is for coronavirus or for their souls is an open question.) Then, win or lose, Trump gets his nominee confirmed. Personally, I'd much rather we enjoyed the "lose" option there.</li><li>Democrats go limp, call the question themselves, vote against the nominee, lose, and put the issue behind them. Trump TV is left with a bunch of boring episodes right before the election, and the fence-sitters decide to stay home, secure in the knowledge that they've gotten maximum value out of a one-term Trump, and can weather the Biden storm as a result.</li></ol><div><br /></div>The Democrats can fund-raise on this issue. They can jinn up their base and most of the swing voters. But that's going to happen no matter what. What they need to be doing is finding ways to make the soft Trumpkins (i.e., the ones who have trouble voting for the Worst Person in the World, even to further their deeply held beliefs) want to stay home.<p></p><p>Another thing the Democrats can do to blow their own feet off: Threaten to pack the court, or add four more states, or otherwise drink the whole pitcher of Norm-Shattering Kool-Aid. Note that the argument that "we're just doing what you guys did" has absolutely zero impact on anything, and the Trumpkins will be perfectly happy to be outraged at the radical erosion of societal norms. As a rule, people aren't good at self-awareness on things like this.</p><p>Moral of the story: In the immortal words of your former leader, "Don't do stupid shit."</p><p>Some things the Democrats <i>can</i> do, which will actually help them:</p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>Ask pointed questions of the nominee on their opinions with respect to election law. Try to pin them down as much as possible, to establish predicates for the inevitable court cases that come out of the impending clusterfuck.</li><li>Ask them if they will recuse themselves from any election disputes.</li><li>Actually <i>push</i> to expedite the process. McConnell is the furthest thing from a fool that there is, and will almost certainly understand the value of dragging his feet on confirmation until after the election. If the Democrats can catch him slow-rolling in opposition to them trying to expedite the process, they can use that as a powerful bludgeon in the elections.</li></ol><div><br /></div>Finally, one last issue: When I tried this argument out on my wife, her instant reaction was, "But then Trump's nominee will be there to help him rig the election!" That's possible, and it's one of the reasons why a good chunk of the Democrats' committee time ought to be spent hemming the nominee in as much as possible. But the important thing to remember is that <i>this is going to happen, </i>unless four Republicans grow a backbone. Better to have it happen on the most favorable electoral terms possible, rather than getting sucked into yet another game of Lucy-with-the-football with Trump.<p></p><p>Please don't be stupid.</p>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-79404920844238339552020-08-30T02:31:00.003-05:002020-08-30T02:34:13.133-05:00Ideology vs. CompetenceI have to admit that when Trump says that a Biden Administration could usher in massively radical and destructive changes, I believe that to be at least 80% true. I believe that the only thing that's keeping the Democratic Party apparat from letting its freak flag fly is the knowledge that it'll lose the election if it isn't a little circumspect. <div><br /></div><div>It doesn't matter to me. </div><div><br /></div><div>I'd be overjoyed if we could have an election about ideology, policy, and the blocking and tackling of enacting a political agenda. But the job of president is about 85% responding to crises, and providing the leadership needed for the American people to deal with them. Trump can't do it. He's not intellectually or morally up to the job. His character is deficient. He's untrustworthy and corrupt. </div><div><br /></div><div>So the ideology and politics have to take a back seat to the urgent need to have a grownup in charge. Biden is far from my first choice for president, but he'll do. Trump won't. </div><div><br /></div><div>I'm feeling my chest tighten as the polls do the same thing. By and large, I don't get too hysterical when my side doesn't win in an election. But this time is different. We're in real peril.
Please vote. I know it'll be a pain in the ass and for some of you will involve literally risking your lives. But voting is the lesser risk to doing nothing. And if you're not worried about yourself, think of your children. Think of your grandchildren. They have to grow up in the country we leave them.</div>TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-85698417667517927072020-07-20T00:11:00.003-05:002020-08-18T14:41:30.371-05:00Using Starships as Habs on MarsThis is another one of those placeholder posts. In this case, here's a little cartoon about how to modify and install Starship crew and cargo spacecraft as early living spaces on Mars.<br />
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<br />TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-74881683558394622012020-06-19T18:59:00.001-05:002020-06-19T18:59:30.155-05:00If You're Still Thinking of Voting for Trump......then at least read <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2020/06/19/faster-response-prevented-most-us-covid-19-deaths/">this</a>.<br />
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Can you really vote for somebody whose negligence caused at least 83,000 avoidable deaths?TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-37317958654755461902020-06-16T02:38:00.000-05:002020-06-16T02:38:31.145-05:00You Need a Reusable Starship, But You Might Need an Expendable One Even MoreHans Koenigsmann says in an interview with <a href="https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/spacex-chefingenieur-zum-stat-des-crew-dragon-wilde-party-kommt-noch-a-998ff592-1071-44d5-9972-ff2b73ec8fb6">Der Spiegel</a> that SpaceX is still shooting for an orbital flight of Starship in 2020. I'm not holding my breath on that one, but it did occur to me that maybe we've got the order of development for Starship all wrong.<br />
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If you assume that the first orbital test of Starship will be with a vehicle that's already done successful suborbital entry, descent, and landing, then the end of the year is going to be hard to make. But what if the first Starships are expendable? Indeed, what if expendable Starships are about as common as reusable ones? Then maybe Koenigsmann isn't as crazy as he sounds.<br />
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What follows below is to some extent an update to the post I did last year about how to use Starship without subjecting crews to its risks during launch and EDL. But there are some key differences. First, we now know that SpaceX is part of the Human Landing System contracts, which means that NASA's going to use a variant of Starship (among other vendors) for the actual Moon landing.<br />
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More importantly, however, the economics change pretty radically if you allow for the possibility of expendable Starships and their close cousins, Starships that never return to Earth.<br />
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Starship Applications</h4>
SpaceX not only wants to revolutionize orbital transport, but they're also counting on Starship to be a huge driver of revenue for the company. It's worth remembering that there are several different applications in mind for Starship, and that they have fairly different requirements. Sorting through those requirements will give us an idea about what things they need to attack first.<br />
<ol>
<li><b>Starlink.</b> This is almost certainly the bulk of early Starship traffic. Starlink has the potential to be a major cash cow, and the payloads are cheap enough that they can be risked early in the Starship program. Requirements: Semi-reliable launch, modest SuperHeavy reusability, and launch from Florida (to reach higher inclinations).</li>
<li><b>Commercial orbital launch.</b> SpaceX has been advertising Starship as a lower-cost replacement for Falcon 9, but my guess is that most commercial operators will stick with what they know for quite a while. When commercial operators come calling, SpaceX will have to weigh the opportunity against the risk and the costs of possibly developing features in an order that delays other more lucrative applications. Requirements: Extremely reliable launch, good GTO payload performance with no refueling, launch sites dependent on target orbits supported.</li>
<li><b>National Security Space Launch.</b> The one group that would be happy to take full advantage of the massive payload capabilities right from the git-go is the DoD. They'll have a need for both large constellations and unitary large payloads, going to both LEO sun-synchronous orbits as well as GEO. Note that NSSL launches will be incredibly conservative, though. Requirements: Extremely reliable launch, excellent GTO performance, direct ascent to GEO, Florida launch site with the Cuban Dogleg to support polar orbits.</li>
<li><b>Refueling.</b> While the 3 applications above can all be handled without on-orbit refueling, the remaining ones can't. So when Starship has BEO missions to perform, refueling is essential. Indeed, refueling will make up the bulk of the launches needed for any BEO mission. Requirements: Semi-reliable launch and semi-reliable EDL. And refueling tech, of course.</li>
<li><b>Artemis Human Landing System.</b> SpaceX has an HLS contract, and they've already committed to delivering a stripped-down version of a Lunar Starship (LSS) for use with HLS. Requirements: Reliable launch, refueling capability in both LEO and NRHO, vacuum crew certification (no Earth ascent or EDL required), cargo transfer capability in NRHO, crewed rendezvous, proximity ops, docking (RPOD), lunar landing and ascent capability.</li>
<li><b>Human LEO and cis-lunar missions.</b> The loss-leader on this is DearMoon. However, the real prize lurking here is a replacement for SLS/Orion. This won't happen right away, but DearMoon will make it almost impossible to ignore the fact that the most expensive version of Starship is still less than 1/8th the cost of an SLS/Orion mission. The requirements depend on whether you think that you need to subject crews to Starship launch and entry, descent, and landing (EDL), or whether it's OK to board them from a Dragon 2 in LEO. I think the latter, so: reliable launch, probably LEO refueling capability (it's close), vacuum crew certification, and crewed RPOD, including RPOD after a powered insert back into LEO.</li>
<li><b>Commercial Lunar Payload Services.</b> Starship can land lots of cargo on the Moon in one mission. CLPS is mostly oriented around very small payloads right now, but I'm sure the Artemis folks are thinking up lots of ways of making the crewed missions more productive by pre-positioning large payloads on the surface beforehand. Requirements: extremely reliable launch, LEO refueling capability, lunar landing capability.</li>
<li><b>Robotic Mars missions.</b> These are needed as pathfinders to prove out methane and oxygen production on the martian surface before sending crewed missions a synod or two later. Requirements: Reliable launch, LEO refueling capability, long-duration storage of methalox prop, Mars EDL.</li>
<li><b>Human Mars missions.</b> Elon's holy grail, no doubt starting slow and ramping up as quick as he can. Requirements: crew-certified launch, refueling with crew on board, long-duration transit, Mars EDL, Mars ascent, and Earth EDL at interplanetary speeds.</li>
<li><b>Big deep-space robotic missions.</b> Tired of haggling about whether Europa Clipper needs to go on an SLS or take an extra 18 months on a Falcon Heavy with a kick stage? Just send an entire lander and get it there in half the time. Hell, send <i>two</i> landers. Requirements: extremely reliable launch and refueling.</li>
</ol>
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Note how few times we had to put EDL in the requirements above. Also note that we can do Starlink even with low-reliability launch, as long as we're willing to lose the occasional payload.</div>
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Starship Variants and Performance to Earth Orbit</h4>
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Since Starship is a moving target, let's put some stakes in the ground. I'm going to assume that Raptor vacuum engines with Isp=375 seconds will be available as soon as they're needed. I'm also going to assume that tankers are just regular Starships with no payload. That leaves us with two, or possibly three, variants:</div>
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<ol>
<li><b>Starship "Classic" (SS).</b> This is a reusable vehicle that launches to LEO, refuels as needed, performs its mission, and then does a direct entry, descent, and landing. It has three RaptorSL and three RaptorVac engines. The EDL gear is expensive, because it involves canard and tail aerosurfaces, header tanks to keep the engines reliable on landing, and a lot of thermal protection. In theory, this can support a crew. We'll assume that the crew module is payload is <i>not</i> part of the dry mass.</li>
<li><b>Expendable Starship (ESS).</b> I'm going to call the version of this that lands on the Moon <b>Lunar Starship (LSS)</b>.<i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i> Both the expendable and lunar variants have the same architecture: Same form factor as SS, but with the EDL gear stripped off. Same complement of engines as SS. ESS can perform missions where it makes economic sense, and LSS is what SpaceX has to deliver to NASA, crew-certified to land people on the Moon. In both cases, removing the EDL gear reduces the dry mass. ESS is a one-shot vehicle. LSS may be reusable in lunar orbit or even LEO, making more than one run to the lunar surface, but it never comes back to Earth's surface.</li>
<li>The one that I'm not sure about is the <b>Short Lunar Starship (S-LSS).</b> This is the LSS, but with a few of the cylindrical tank rings taken out to make a shorter, lighter vehicle, with less propellant. Everything other than the cylindrical height of the prop tanks is the same as a regular "long" LSS: same crew module, same payload system, same tank domes, same thrust structure. But, because its dry mass is lower than LSS, it can get away with fewer engines, probably two RaptorSL and two RaptorVac. If this is easy, we'll see that it's kind of a slam-dunk for being a better answer for HLS.</li>
</ol>
I'll spare you all the nitty-gritty, but here are my best guesses for dry mass, prop, and <i>unrefueled</i> payload to LEO and GTO. None of them can make GEO or lunar orbit without refueling. These are all cargo versions with half vacuum, half SL engines, and assume 9400 m/s of delta-v to LEO. In all cases, we assume a reusable SuperHeavy boosts whatever version of Starship is listed below:</div>
<div>
<br />
<google-sheets-html-origin></google-sheets-html-origin><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="232"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="66"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="59"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass (tonnes)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass (tonnes)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant (tonnes)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Propellant (tonnes)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload to LEO (tonnes)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload to LEO (tonnes)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload to GTO (tonnes)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload to GTO (tonnes)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Can Land on Earth?"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Can Land on Earth?</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship Classic (SS)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship Classic (SS)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":120}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">120</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1200}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":119}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">119</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Expendable or Lunar Starship (ESS or LSS)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Expendable or Lunar Starship (ESS or LSS)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":96}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">96</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1200}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":172}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">172</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":31}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">31</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Short Lunar Starship (S-LSS)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Short Lunar Starship (S-LSS)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">63</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":635}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">635</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":128}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">128</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div>
The first thing to notice is that the cost of the dry mass for EDL is <i>huge</i>.¹ It effectively renders classic SS unacceptable for any kind of unrefueled launch beyond LEO. The second thing that's important here is that the S-LSS has performance for both LEO and GTO that aren't shabby at all. The lower dry mass means that thrust-to-weight for S-LSS is comparable to SS, even for heavy payloads.</div>
<h4>
The Cost of Launch, and How Reliability Affects It</h4>
<div>
The point where EDL becomes important is when the cost of expendable Starship missions prices them out of the market. To find that point, we need to think a bit about the economics of reusability. Like F9, we should expect Starship to start out with very little reusability, then gradually improve over time.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
To get an idea of what we're looking at, let's make a very crude model for the manufacturing cost of both Starship and SuperHeavy. The model uses three parameters for each stage:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>The cost of a Raptor. Musk has tweeted multiple times that he expects the cost for even the first version of Raptor to be no more than $1M, so we'll use that everywhere.</li>
<li>What percentage of the cost of each stage is engines. I've fooled with a lot of F9 cost models, and the various constraints seem to indicate that the F9 core stage cost is about 33% engines, and the second stage engine is about 15%. As the number of engines goes up, I'd expect that their share of total stage cost also goes up, so I'm going to assume that Starship is 20% engines and SuperHeavy is 50% engines.</li>
<li>The number of reuses. I expect this to evolve over time, just as it has with F9. We need to estimate how many reuses are necessary for a particular mission to be economical. These are just guesses at this point. </li>
</ol>
Let's put 'em all together, using what I consider to be a plausible evolution of reuse for Starship:</div>
<div>
<google-sheets-html-origin></google-sheets-html-origin><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="75"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="39"></col><col width="53"></col><col width="10"></col><col width="36"></col><col width="36"></col><col width="36"></col><col width="44"></col><col width="44"></col><col width="44"></col><col width="33"></col><col width="32"></col><col width="35"></col><col width="39"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td colspan="3" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component Manufacturing Estimation"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Component Manufacturing Estimation</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td colspan="10" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Reuses Expected For Each Component"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Number of Reuses Expected For Each Component</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Engine Pct"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Engine Pct</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"En-\ngines"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">En-<br />
gines</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Manu-\nfacturing Cost"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Manu-<br />
facturing Cost</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early ESS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early ESS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature ESS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature ESS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cur-\nrent F9"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Cur-<br />
rent F9</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 / D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">F9 / D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mat-\nure F9"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mat-<br />
ure F9</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS / Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">SLS / Orion</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SuperHeavy"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">SuperHeavy</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">50%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":31}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">31</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]/1000000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">62.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EDL Starship"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">EDL Starship</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.2}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]/1000000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-EDL Starship"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Non-EDL Starship</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.23}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">23%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]/1000000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.08695652173913}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26.1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Falcon 9 Core"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Falcon 9 Core</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.33}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">33%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]/1000000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27.27272727272727}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">27.3</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Falcon 9 S2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Falcon 9 S2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.15}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]/1000000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.666666666666667}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6.7</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Falcon 9 Fairing"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Falcon 9 Fairing</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dragon 2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Dragon 2</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":50}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">50.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">SLS</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1000}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,000.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Orion</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1000}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,000.0</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Per Launch Cost ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Per Launch Cost ($M)</td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.2}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">16.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.586956521739125}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">41.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21.095652173913045}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">21.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.12}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.70695652173913}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26.7</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.837391304347826}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.121212121212121}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":37.121212121212125}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">37.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.593939393939394}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-10]C4:R[-2]C4,arrayformula(iferror(1/R[-10]C[0]:R[-2]C[0],0)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2000}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,000</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div>
Note that I've also included some costs (not prices) for F9, F9/D2, and SLS/Orion. The F9 numbers I'm pretty confident in, the D2 number is a SWAG, and the SLS/Orion numbers are, sadly, likely optimistic for what NASA actually will pay.<br />
<br />
One other note: I'm assuming that the short and long versions of the LSS cost the same to manufacture. I'd expect the short version to be a bit cheaper, but not by enough to matter.<br />
<h4>
Economics of the LEO High-Runner Case: Starlink</h4>
</div>
</div>
<div>
Before heading off to the fun stuff, let's remember that Starship's first reliable gig is getting bajillions of Starlinks to a fairly high-inclination LEO. Today, that's done with a reusable F9, which can launch 60 Starlinks, each weighing 260 kg, using a single packaged stack that fits into its 4.6m diameter x 6.7m high cylindrical fairing section.<br />
<br />
Starship will have an 8m diameter x 8m high cylindrical fairing section. That will allow each stack to contain 72 Starlinks, and the wider diameter will allow 3 separate stacks, for a total of 216 Starlinks per launch. To do more than this will require a pretty exotic use of the nose section of the payload bay, and I'm going to ignore it for now.<br />
<br />
We know the masses, we know the performance, and we know the launch costs of the vehicles. So let's look at launch costs on a per-Starlink and per-kg basis:<br />
<br />
<google-sheets-html-origin></google-sheets-html-origin><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="192"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="60"></col><col width="60"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vehicle"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Vehicle</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Starlinks"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Number of Starlinks</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost Per Launch ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Cost Per Launch ($M)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost Per Starlink ($)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Cost Per Starlink ($)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mass Per Launch (t)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mass Per Launch (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost Per kg ($)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Cost Per kg ($)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Reusable F9 Today"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Reusable F9 Today</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":60}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">60</td><td data-sheets-formula="=currentf9" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.121212121212121}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":252020.202020202}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">252,020</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*260/1000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.6}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*1000/R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":969.3084693084694}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">969</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Expendable SS, Modest SH Reuse"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Expendable SS, Modest SH Reuse</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":216}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">216</td><td data-sheets-formula="=earlyess" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.586956521739125}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">41.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":192532.2061191626}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">192,532</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*260/1000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":56.16}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">56.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*1000/R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":740.5084850737024}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">741</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature F9 Reuse"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Mature F9 Reuse</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":60}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">60</td><td data-sheets-formula="=maturef9" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.593939393939394}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":176565.65656565657}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">176,566</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*260/1000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.6}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*1000/R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":679.0986790986791}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">679</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Reusable SS, Decent Reuse"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Reusable SS, Decent Reuse</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":216}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">216</td><td data-sheets-formula="=reusabless" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21.095652173913045}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">21.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":97665.05636070855}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">97,665</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*260/1000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":56.16}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">56.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*1000/R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375.6348321565713}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">376</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Reusable SS, Mature Reuse"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Reusable SS, Mature Reuse</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":216}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">216</td><td data-sheets-formula="=maturess" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.12}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000000/R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9814.814814814816}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,815</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*260/1000" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":56.16}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">56.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*1000/R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":37.74928774928775}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">38</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
It's no surprise that reusable Starships are cheaper than expendable ones. But the real eye-opener here is that an <i>expendable</i> Starship, with a modestly reusable SuperHeavy launching it, is a better deal than an F9 with today's reusability. In addition, launch slots are a scarce resource, and you get 3.6x as many birds to orbit per expendable Starship launch as you do on an F9. That makes for a pretty compelling case that, in the short term, SuperHeavy reusability is more important than Starship reusability.<br />
<br />
Weasel words, though: How compelling this case is obviously depends on whether the F9 actually gets all the way to 10 core reuses and decent fairing reuse.<br />
<br />
Right now, we see SpaceX diligently making preparations to do hop-testing of Starship, which will likely lead to a high-altitude test of the "skydiver" descent profile and the "swoop-n-slam" landing maneuver. These make a lot of sense for two reasons:<br />
<ul>
<li>Raptors are currently thin on the ground, and you can get a lot of testing done with 3 of them per test article.</li>
<li>If something bad shows up in either skydiver or swoop-n-slam, it's back to the drawing board for Starship. They need to know that sooner rather than later.</li>
</ul>
But once the basic architecture of Starship is proven, the next thing that's going to happen is that Raptor engine production is going to increase rapidly. The question then becomes: what's the next step? We've assumed that SpaceX would proceed to testing Starship by itself in downrange suborbital trajectories, to get experience with the lifting reentries that it'll need for orbital reuse.<br />
<br />
But I no longer think that's right. Instead, I think they'll cut over to building out and testing SuperHeavy as quickly as possible. Sure, Starship tests will continue, but not at the expense of SuperHeavy testing. Because as soon as SuperHeavy can take a Starship to LEO, the numbers above say that it's likely worth it, even if Starship doesn't survive EDL.<br />
<br />
In other words, we'll have a situation not unlike how F9 got tested: You launch a real payload, and you test reusability after each stage has done its job. As SuperHeavy becomes reusable (which should be easy; it's just the F9 on steroids), the cost of tests drops precipitously. Then each Starlink launch becomes a Starship EDL test. If they fail, no harm done, because SpaceX got a bunch of Starlinks to orbit for less than they would have on an F9. Eventually, as EDL starts to work and Starship becomes reusable, other classes of missions will open up, at lower price points.<br />
<br />
However, to do this for Starlink, SpaceX would have to be able to build a SuperHeavy/Starship pad in Florida. Without it, the high inclinations for Starlink aren't really accessible from Boca Chica, because they can drop debris on Louisiana or Yucatan in the event of an accident. SpaceX has plans to put a Starship launch pad near the current LC-39A pad, but we've just recently witnessed what happens when a methane-fueled rocket explodes. I'm not sure NASA would be wild about witnessing the same thing with 4x as much propellant, right next to the pad where they plan to send crews to the ISS later this year.</div>
<h4>
Beyond Earth Orbit and Accounting for the Cost of Refueling</h4>
<div>
The first class of missions that desperately needs a reusable Starship is a "lift tanker" (LT) to deliver prop to LEO. To get to BEO, refueling is required. Refueling can occur in different orbits, at different times, so accounting for it at the point of refueling is confusing. However, for now at least, all propellant is launched from Earth to LEO. If we know how much is required there, then we have a clean cost estimate for the prop that any mission needs.<br />
<br />
Let's assume that a Starship tanker is, for now, just a Starship Classic with no payload. The first tanker of a series will become the "accumulation tanker" (AT), receiving prop from subsequent LTs until there's enough prop to accomplish the mission for the payload Starship. This minimizes risk to the payload Starships, and keeps them on the ground until the AT is full in LEO. Note that it's <i>always</i> most efficient to refuel at the lowest orbital energy possible.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In some cases, even after fully topping off the payload Starship in LEO, missions will require that a second AT boosts itself into a high orbit to top off the payload Starship before it can fulfill the mission. I've been calling this a "high orbit tanker" (HOT). There are even cases where you need to do "HOT-to-HOT" refueling, so that one of the HOTs has enough prop to top off the payload Starship. I'm going to assume that all HOT tankers top off payload Starships in the lunar non-rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO), where NASA plans to put the Gateway and also to do pre-Gateway rendezvous between Orion and HLS. It's not as efficient, but it's much saner operationally.³</div>
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Obviously, the more reusable the LT is, the less the flight costs, the less propellant costs to get to orbit. From the tables above, we can expect an LT to deliver 119t of prop to LEO. The minimal amount of reuse is probably something like the "early SS" reusability shown above, which is $16.2M per flight. It's tempting to just convert these two numbers to a cost per tonne and have done with it, but until we have a very high cadence of BEO missions, using the same inclinations, you might not get to use any non-integral remainder from the last LT for one mission as the beginning of the AT for the next mission. For this reason, we're going to assume that the cost is in integral LT flights.</div>
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Note that the cost of LT flights is the single biggest determinant on mission cost. As time goes on and we approach the "mature" cost of LT flights ($2.1M), propellant costs become less and less important. We'll look at this in some detail below.</div>
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What reliability do we need out of our LTs? If we lose one, either on ascent or EDL, we're out some hardware, but presumably refueling ops require multiple tankers with some redundancy in the supply chain, so a loss during the LT-to-AT refueling phase costs money, but isn't a big risk to the mission. HOT rendezvous accidents are a bigger deal, but we can assume that reliability for on-orbit operations is higher than that for ascent or EDL.<br />
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We're going to look at two different missions:<br />
<ol>
<li>Uncrewed payload delivery to the lunar surface, using 30t of payload as a baseline, with no return mass. We'll look at both expendable and reusable options here.</li>
<li>Landing crews on the lunar surface, using a 20t crew module and a 10t surface-deployable payload (30t total), with the crew module and 1t of mass returning to Earth. There are a <i>lot</i> of different architecture options to explore here, and we'll look at several.</li>
</ol>
Here are the numbers for lunar cargo missions. The LSS and S-LSS versions are one-way, and therefore assume truly expendable Starships. The classic Starship mission is two-way, with no mass returned to Earth. "Early reuse" corresponds to using the "early SS" assumptions from above for refueling and the two-way mission, and the "early ESS" for the payload missions themselves. The "mature reuse" uses the assumed end-state scenarios for the same things.<br />
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<google-sheets-html-origin></google-sheets-html-origin><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="89"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="33"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="12" data-sheets-textstyleruns="{"1":0}[null,26,{"4":8}]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lunar Cargo Launch Costs\n\nCargo to lunar surface: 30t. Cargo from lunar surface: 0t"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">Lunar Cargo Launch Costs</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">Cargo to lunar surface: 30t. Cargo from lunar surface: 0t</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td colspan="7" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission Characteristics"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mission Characteristics</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early Reuse"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early Reuse</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature Reuse"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature Reuse</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission Concept"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mission Concept</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Launch</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LEO - NRHO Transit"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">LEO - NRHO Transit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"To / From Lunar Surface"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">To / From Lunar Surface</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"High Orbit Refuel"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">High Orbit Refuel</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Prop to LEO (t)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Prop to LEO (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LTs"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">LTs</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Mission Cost ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Mission Cost ($M)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early Reuse ($/kg)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early Reuse ($/kg)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Mission Cost ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Mission Cost ($M)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature Reuse ($/kg)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature Reuse ($/kg)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"One-way LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">One-way LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">no</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_cargo_lss_oneway")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+earlyess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":106.38695652173912}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">106.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3546.2318840579705}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$3,546</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[1]C[-3]*maturess+earlyess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":47.946956521739125}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">47.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1598.231884057971}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,598</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"One-way S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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One-way S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">no</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_cargo_slss_oneway")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":287}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">287</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+earlyess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":90.18695652173912}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">90.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3006.2318840579705}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$3,006</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[18]C[-3]*maturess+earlyess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.586956521739125}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">41.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1386.231884057971}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,386</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Two-way SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Two-way SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 HEEO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 HEEO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_cargo_ss_roundtrip")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1545}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,545</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">13</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusabless" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":231.69565217391303}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">231.7</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7723.188405797101}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$7,723</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*maturess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27.560000000000002}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">27.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":918.6666666666667}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$919</td></tr>
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Here are the same results in chart form:<br />
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<img height="395" 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" width="640" /><br />
<br />
There are a few things that are notable in these results:<br />
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<ol>
<li>Until Starship reusability is close to reaching its mature form, with 20ish Starship reuses and 100ish SuperHeavy reuses, <i>it does not make sense to send cargo on a reusable Starship.</i> The reason for this is that returning the Starship requires massively more LT launches, which swamp any savings on reusing the Starship itself.</li>
<li>The short LSS does better than the long version.</li>
<li>Note that neither of the expendable options require refueling other than in LEO, while the reusable option not only requires a HOT refueling, it also requires one in HEEO; there's not enough headroom to refueling NRHO. See note #3 at the bottom for why I'm not fond of HEEO.</li>
<li>If you're really getting mature reusability out of the SH/SS system, then returning cargo Starships makes more sense than sending expendable LSS or S-LSS systems.</li>
</ol>
Crewed missions are a lot more complex, there are more options, and there are likely the political constraints that require SLS/Orion to be used for launch, crew transit to NRHO, and return of the crew direct to EDL. I see this happening in four phases.<br />
<br />
First, SpaceX will do what NASA is paying it for: A semi-reusable lunar Starship that is refueled and reprovisioned in NRHO, with the crew also transferring to and from it in NRHO. Here's a little cartoon of what that looks like:<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV_nggeWcXFA3MPq76T1nJIHK85n03X7tokWqUP4T1tsGO60bf584yc65m_E4FjqkLXgoxTIVk-gIjwUNeWl6HNLC9bZRELmIAFF-1Z3kQFz9eIEAuJ5WqAatcT7aFpSOx6teLgepIhMY2/s1600/06-15-20+Artemis+With+Orion+and+LSS.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV_nggeWcXFA3MPq76T1nJIHK85n03X7tokWqUP4T1tsGO60bf584yc65m_E4FjqkLXgoxTIVk-gIjwUNeWl6HNLC9bZRELmIAFF-1Z3kQFz9eIEAuJ5WqAatcT7aFpSOx6teLgepIhMY2/s640/06-15-20+Artemis+With+Orion+and+LSS.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
Note that we have a combination high-orbit tanker and cargo Starship that receives a series of refuelings before setting out to NRHO, where it transfers cargo and fuel to a reusable LSS. In this picture, we're assuming two things:<br />
<ol>
<li>This is a short LSS. If it's a long LSS, you need a second HOT and a HOT-to-HOT transfer in HEEO to get enough propellant to NRHO. (You can also just send two HOTs to NRHO, but that's more expensive.)</li>
<li>The S-LSS is reusable, and already on-orbit in NRHO. If this is the first trip for this particular S-LSS, it can be launched with cargo pre-loaded, but it needs to be refueled in LEO before setting out for NRHO.</li>
</ol>
Once the S-LSS is refueled and cargo is transferred (by magic--the lack of a clear mechanism to do this is a big deal), it's ready for the crew. The crew is launched on an SLS/Orion, and the Orion docks (presumably nose-to-nose) with the LSS, where crew is transferred. Note the limitations of the diagram I'm using; the little astronauts with the arrows indicate crew transfers (space walks are unnecessary!). Once transfer is complete, the S-LSS undocks from the Orion, goes to the surface, returns and eventually re-docks with the Orion, the crew transfers back, and the S-LSS is left in NRHO for the next mission while the Orion goes home to EDL.<br />
<br />
At some point, I expect that SpaceX will rub NASA's nose in the fact that any LSS or S-LSS capable of landing on the Moon can also go from LEO to NRHO and back to LEO, rendering SLS/Orion silly. NASA will no doubt want dual sourcing on this, and will therefore keep the Artemis architecture largely intact, so there will still be a transfer from the "transit" LSS to the "HLS" LSS:<br />
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<br />
Note that I'm assuming that getting Starship to be crew-certified for launch and EDL takes a long, long, <i>long</i> time, and that the transit LSS will therefore have crew boarded via an F9/D2, with the D2 waiting in LEO for the transit LSS to return to take the crew home to EDL.<br />
<br />
Again, this is an S-LSS picture, at least for the HLS LSS, with the long LSS requiring a HOT-to-HOT transfer in HEEO to get enough prop. However, the transit LSS can be either short or long.<br />
<br />
If you only need to take a Starship to lunar orbit for sightseeing, you don't need any high-orbit refueling, and an LSS-like vehicle can be pre-fueled before the crew arrives. This sounds an awful lot like #DearMoon. It's what I expect #DearMoon will actually be, rather than a direct launch and EDL mission. Killing eccentric Japanese billionaires is bad for business, but D2/F9 is pretty well understood, and making an LSS crew module that won't kill anybody in vacuum for a couple of weeks is pretty easy. As an added bonus, Maezawa will get a chance to orbit the Moon for however long he wants to.<br />
<br />
Note that this is really freakin' complicated, with two (or three) prop accumulations, four crew transfers, and an NRHO fuel and cargo transfer. No doubt SLS fans will harp on this incessantly, and they won't be wrong.<br />
<br />
So the next step is to stage the HLS right from LEO, eliminating a pair of crew transfers. Here's what that looks like for a long LSS:<br />
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<br />
Note that here I've put in the HOT-to-HOT transfer that I left out of the previous two schemes. The big drawback here is that this is the first case where we have to refuel an LSS with a crew onboard, which incurs some extra risk.<br />
<br />
This is a somewhat bigger deal in the S-LSS case:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0-HvA0AjPL6dCojHd-nE2u-m04yNaHNOS9TnFooHd3wsMmrcVfNgOpB4EblTo1fuQ8HkH4nzCQLeapRZakopj0X1kcOgZFRrjIRCfb4ob2u_s5kAvMEjmuEUJSkgTCXTowvt-8WzVVqry/s1600/06-15-20+S-LSS+HLS+From+LEO.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0-HvA0AjPL6dCojHd-nE2u-m04yNaHNOS9TnFooHd3wsMmrcVfNgOpB4EblTo1fuQ8HkH4nzCQLeapRZakopj0X1kcOgZFRrjIRCfb4ob2u_s5kAvMEjmuEUJSkgTCXTowvt-8WzVVqry/s640/06-15-20+S-LSS+HLS+From+LEO.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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While the S-LSS eliminates the HOT-to-HOT transfer in HEEO, the cost of having smaller propellant tanks is that the S-LSS can't go straight from the lunar surface to LEO without a second refueling in NRHO. A single HOT can do both refuelings, though. We now have two refuelings with crew on board.⁴<br />
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At some point, Starship will be capable of launching crew directly from Earth, and recovering them directly to EDL. This is much simpler, and it's even cheaper than the schemes above, but I'm still counting on crew-certification of the whole profile taking a long time. If not, this is clearly the way to go:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxhyLR53K3AfrEOSBhabG0832LeoNOcqr0g_nsH0aTMSC-UKOHlnFDajV2ijTX-j56qc8KVmdxW32nhZoxO94jV63M_7qgMAI-mLzxTpy3m-mxh20Ajv8Nzv3lvyoj1J2_w3XQI-rwZ4gg/s1600/06-15-20+Launch-EDL+Crew-Rated+Starship.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxhyLR53K3AfrEOSBhabG0832LeoNOcqr0g_nsH0aTMSC-UKOHlnFDajV2ijTX-j56qc8KVmdxW32nhZoxO94jV63M_7qgMAI-mLzxTpy3m-mxh20Ajv8Nzv3lvyoj1J2_w3XQI-rwZ4gg/s640/06-15-20+Launch-EDL+Crew-Rated+Starship.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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Much simpler! However, note that this requires refueling a crewed Starship in HEEO, with its attendant orbital mechanics issues and radiation problems for the crew. This can be avoided by moving the refueling to NRHO or some other lunar orbit. However, you need a HOT-to-HOT transfer in HEEO to get enough prop there, or a significant increase in total prop to do two HOT refuelings in NRHO. Both of these are a small price to pay to simplify the mission, though.<br />
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Here's summary of all of the missions we've discussed above, along with the actual propellant and hardware costs:<br />
<br />
<google-sheets-html-origin></google-sheets-html-origin><br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="89"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="33"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="47"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="12" data-sheets-textstyleruns="{"1":0}[null,24,{"4":8}]{"1":101}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lunar Crew Launch Costs\n\nCrew and cargo to lunar surface: 30t. Crew and cargo from lunar surface: 21t"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5572744113321145124" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5572744113321145124" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">Lunar Crew Launch Costs</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><br />Crew and cargo to lunar surface: 30t. Crew and cargo from lunar surface: 21</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">t</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td colspan="7" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission Characteristics"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mission Characteristics</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early Reuse"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early Reuse</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature Reuse"}" rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature Reuse</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission Concept"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mission Concept</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Launch</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LEO - NRHO Transit"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">LEO - NRHO Transit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"To / From Lunar Surface"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">To / From Lunar Surface</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"High Orbit Refuel"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">High Orbit Refuel</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Prop to LEO (t)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Prop to LEO (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LTs"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">LTs</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Mission Cost ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Mission Cost ($M)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Early Reuse $/kg"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Early Reuse $/kg</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Mission Cost ($M)"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Total Mission Cost ($M)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mature Reuse $/kg"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Mature Reuse $/kg</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Two LSS for LEO-LS-LEO\nF9/D2 Launch and EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Two LSS for LEO-LS-LEO<br />
F9/D2 Launch and EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS #1"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS #1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS #2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS #2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_lss_transit_lss_hls")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2163}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,163</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">19</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+2*reusablelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":349.9913043478261}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">350.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11666.376811594204}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$11,666</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+2*maturelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":51.95478260869565}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">52.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1731.8260869565215}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,732</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Two S-LSS for LEO-LS-LEO\nF9/D2 Launch and EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Two S-LSS for LEO-LS-LEO<br />
F9/D2 Launch and EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS #1"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS #1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS #2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS #2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_slss_transit_slss_hls")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1552}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,552</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+2*reusablelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":268.9913043478261}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">269.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8966.376811594204}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$8,966</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+2*maturelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.35478260869565}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">41.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1378.4927536231883}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,378</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Single LSS for LEO-LS-LEO\nF9/D2 Launch and EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Single LSS for LEO-LS-LEO<br />
F9/D2 Launch and EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"2 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">2 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_lss_single")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2017}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,017</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">17</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusablelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":296.495652173913}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">296.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9883.1884057971}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$9,883</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+maturelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.877391304347825}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">41.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1395.9130434782608}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,396</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Single S-LSS for LEO-LS-LEO\nF9/D2 Launch and EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Single S-LSS for LEO-LS-LEO<br />
F9/D2 Launch and EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"2 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">2 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_slss_single")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1571}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,571</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusablelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":247.89565217391302}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">247.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8263.1884057971}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$8,263</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+maturelss" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":35.517391304347825}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">35.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1183.9130434782608}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,184</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Single Starship Launch, Transit, Lander, EDL"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">Single Starship Launch, Transit, Lander, EDL</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 HEEO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 HEEO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_ss_roundtrip")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1699}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,699</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusabless" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":264.09565217391304}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">264.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8803.1884057971}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$8,803</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+maturess" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":33.92}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">33.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1130.6666666666667}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$1,131</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Launch\nOrion Transit\nLSS Lander"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">SLS Launch<br />
Orion Transit<br />
LSS Lander</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS/Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS/Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 HEEO\n1 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 HEEO<br />
1 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_lss_hls")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1622}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,622</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusablelss+slsorion" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2247.895652173913}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,247.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":74929.85507246376}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$74,930</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+maturelss+slsorion" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2035.5173913043477}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,035.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":67850.57971014493}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$67,851</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Launch\nOrion Transit\nS-LSS Lander"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">SLS Launch<br />
Orion Transit<br />
S-LSS Lander</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS/Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS/Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"S-LSS"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">S-LSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">D2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1 NRHO"}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: normal;">1 NRHO</td><td data-sheets-formula="=importrange("https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1rJ_oznVLMgoDtjq3euX-MOqpo8UIh4SGC-3EQP7W6QE/edit#gid=366899589","prop_slss_hls")" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1159}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,159</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-1]/ltproptoleo)" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*earlyss+reusablelss+slsorion" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2183.095652173913}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,183.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":72769.85507246378}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$72,770</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C8*maturess+maturelss+slsorion" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0.0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2027.037391304348}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,027.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]*1000/R2C13" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0"]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":67567.91304347826}" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">$67,568</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Here are the results in chart form. Note that I've left off the Orion missions, because their cost is so off the scale that the interesting stuff is no longer readable.<br />
<br />
<br />
<img height="280" 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" width="640" /><br />
<br />
There are no easy answers here. Before launch and EDL crew-certification for Starship, the S-LSS has a significant cost advantage over its long cousin, although that advantage comes at the cost of some refueling complexity in NRHO. The other big takeaway here is that as SuperHeavy and Starship reusability go up, the cost of propellant all but disappears. So the choice and phasing of Starship work is highly dependent on both reusability progress and crew-certification speed.<br />
<br />
I suspect that the short LSS will turn out to be a winner.<br />
<h4>
The Cost of Building Short LSS</h4>
So let's talk about the difference between a short LSS and a long one. Why would you want Starships in two different form-factors? It's one thing to strip off EDL gear, but quite another to build vehicles of different lengths.<br />
<br />
However, the construction methods used on Starships make it easy to build things with different sized tanks. Each LOX and LCH4 tank is has a dome and a common bulkhead. You don't want to fool with those. But the rest of the tank is formed by stacking and welding rings of stainless steel sheeting. Removing part or all of those rings is easy. The limiting factor becomes the domes and bulkhead in the LCH4 tank: you need a small amount of cylinder to which to weld the flanges for the domes, and that's the minimum volume for that tank. That's how the propellant size for the S-LSS is derived.<br />
<br />
The real cost is not in building the other variant of the ship. Instead, it's in payload processing and ground support equipment for that ship once it's built. You need different sized high bays to service the different sized ships, along with alternate umbilicals and strongbacks for the different ships on top of the SuperHeavy. Again, the cost of doing that work depends on how expensive prop is in LEO.<br />
<h4>
What About NSSL?</h4>
Because this post isn't quite agonizingly long enough, there is one last issue.<br />
<br />
We talked briefly about how unrefueled Starships simply can't reach GEO. That's not germane to a lunar program, but it's highly important to the military. One of the key baseline missions for NSSL is the ability to get a payload on station in GEO within a small number of hours. These "direct to GEO" profiles are very difficult for many launchers, and it's a pretty big advantage for the current Falcon Heavy. But Starship can't do this.<br />
<br />
Now, Starship can <i>absolutely</i> do this if it's refueled in LEO. I get something like 12t of payload to GEO with three LTs' worth of propellant, which dwarfs any other platform.<br />
<br />
But Space Force simply isn't going to allow refueling on a multi-billion dollar, one-of-a-kind spacecraft.<br />
<br />
However, up above, we saw that an expendable Starship can get 31t to GTO. Unfortunately, that's doesn't solve the "direct to GEO" requirement. But SpaceX has already revealed that they're making a version of the Dragon 2 spacecraft, the Dragon XL, as a logistics module for resupplying the lunar Gateway.<br />
<br />
If you look at the D2 architecture, you'll discover that the guts of the vehicle are concentrated in a ring of equipment that circles the bottom of the pressure vessel. It looks like what they've done with the DXL, which can only be launched inside a fairing, it to keep the guts but swap the crew pressure vessel for a larger--and flimsier--pressurized cargo container.<br />
<br />
It occurred to me that swapping in yet a third system would be pretty interesting: If you put one or two SuperDracos in the place where the DXL docking ring is currently, mount some fairly large extra tanks of MMH and NTO above the "Dragon guts", and then put a payload attachment on the front, you have yourself a mighty fine GTO-to-GEO tug. This would be effectively a third stage for the Starship, deployed in GTO from the Starship payload bay, and capable of circularizing to GEO as soon as it reached the first GTO apogee. Time to GEO: maybe 12 hours. <br />
<br />
I did a little figuring and came up with a "Dragon tug" with a dry mass of about 4t and 16t of MMH/NTO propellant, which can take about 15t of payload to GEO on an expendable Starship. No refueling needed. That's something that Space Force would really like.<br />
<h4>
Conclusions</h4>
So I've droned on for a long time here. What does it all mean? Here are the big takeaways:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Expendable Starships for GTO missions are a no-brainer.</li>
<li>Expendable Starships for lunar cargo missions are a no-brainer.</li>
<li>Everything else depends on how quickly crew-certification of the entire Starship flight profile, from launch to transit to lunar landing/ascent to EDL, takes place. My bet: launch and EDL are really hard, but everything that happens in vacuum is pretty easy. Similarly, how quickly reusability comes online, and the extent of that early reusability, will dictate a lot of decisions. My bet here is shakier, but I'm guessing that there is a substantial advantage in concentrating on getting SuperHeavy reusability first, which allows a variety of expendable Starship missions to be cost-effective sooner.</li>
<li>Without the full profile crew-certified, all crewed lunar Starship missions are pretty complex, but they're so much cheaper than doing things with SLS and Orion that investing in these profiles where the F9/D2 gets crews to and from LEO seems worth it.</li>
<li>There's a fairly simple play to get heavy stuff to GEO for NSSL.</li>
</ol>
It'll be interesting to see what happens.<br />
<br /></div>
<hr />
¹A bit of a caveat here: In the interests of getting things somewhat orderly, I've assumed that it takes 9400 m/s of delta-v to get to LEO. That's likely a bit conservative. Also, as payload mass gets smaller, the higher thrust-to-weight reduces gravity drag a bit, which <i>might</i> give you slightly more payload to GTO. (This is offset partially by the fact that SuperHeavy gets faster and further downrange, and requires more prop reserve for its return to the launch site.) So it's possible that Starship Classic could get a couple of tonnes to GTO. But bidding a giant, unproven launch system for less payload than an F9 can put in GTO seems kinda silly--unless the cost is <i>ridiculously </i>low. And it's not--at least not for a while.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
²I think the way to do this is to use tail-mounted payload pods and transfer them from the logistics SS to the LSS during tail-to-tail refueling. Seems like something that a robot should be smart enough to manage. Otherwise, you're flinging stuff through hatches, which sounds like a <i>terrible</i> idea. But deploying tail-mounted payload on the surface will require some interesting modifications to the LSS skirt. I suspect that, until this problem is addressed, LSS will be an expendable vehicle, sent to a disposal orbit after the crew have transferred back to their NRHO-LEO or NRHO-EDL transit vehicle.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
³SpaceX has talked about using a "highly elliptical earth orbit", roughly similar to GTO, to do the most efficient refueling. And it is true that the optimal refueling point is always at the lowest energy to complete the mission. So if you need a mission that takes more than the Starship's capacity to complete, you first fill up the SS in LEO, then proceed to the lowest energy above LEO that will let you add just enough prop to finish the mission. For a lot of lunar missions, that energy turns out to be 2000-2500 m/s above LEO, so NRHO refueling is not the most efficient thing to do.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
However, efficiency is not the only consideration:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>HEEO is bad for crewed missions, because you'll do a pair of passes back through the Van Allen belts for each orbit in HEEO. If something delays refueling, you don't want to abort a mission for radiation exposure.</li>
<li>HEEOs are hard take a long time to phase. Minor errors at insertion require rotating the apside line of the spacecraft, which grows more expensive as the eccentricity and major axis increase, and takes longer if you want to do it optimally near perigee and/or apogee.</li>
<li>If you want to do an optimal rendezvous (and you do to avoid radiation exposure--see #1), then you've got your payload Starship sitting in LEO, burning for the HEEO, at exactly the same time that the HOT is coming up from behind it at the highest-speed part of its orbit. Space is very big, but I can't say I'm wild about putting myself in the path of an object that's intentionally going to kiss my orbit at exactly the time that I'm trying to burn to match its orbit, when the closing speed is 2000-2500 m/s. Things are gonna get dicey if my burn fails to occur for some reason.</li>
<li>Because of the eccentricity, optimal departure windows for TLI are going to be in a fairly narrow window. If you miss that window, you'll have to rotate your line of apsides to adjust for a new insertion, which is expensive and time-consuming.</li>
</ol>
In contrast, NRHO is a nice, stable orbit, well outside the Van Allen belts, with well-understood rendezvous characteristics.<br />
<br />
⁴This may be a good argument for a not-quite-so-short LSS. I haven't done the math on this, but if you can eliminate the extra crewed fuel transfer in NRHO, something a little less efficient might be worth it.</div>
TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-5056203320650588922020-06-06T01:16:00.003-05:002020-06-06T01:16:35.434-05:00The PoliceI'm quite conservative when it comes to law-and-order. Even as a not-completely-crazy libertarian, I believe that the freedom to make a life for yourself is enhanced if you have a somewhat neutral third party between you and people who'd like to prey upon you. Policing, within well-defined limits (which <i>do not included domestic military operations!!!!!), </i>is essential.<br />
<br />
But it's time to acknowledge that something has gone seriously wrong.<br />
<br />
According to the <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/">Washington Post's database on police shootings in America</a>, blacks are killed at a rate that's roughly 2.3 times that of whites. By some other measures, the rate is nearly 5 times that of whites. No matter how you measure it, something bad is happening.<br />
<br />
There is plenty of anecdotal evidence that the deaths are only part of the problem, and that there's a pervasive pattern of harassment and humiliation that swamps the killings. But we need to be careful here, because this is exactly the sort of situation where human beings' heuristics for drawing conclusions from small amounts of data can get us into trouble. Unfortunately, there's very little data to be had. That doesn't appear to be accidental¹, and it's suspicious enough to make us trust our anecdotal priors even more. I'm going to accept the idea that the police are acting in a manner where at least the result is racist.<br />
<br />
Why is this?<br />
<br />
My white guy impression is that most police are decent people. Decent people know that racism is bad, and likely don't self-identify as racists. And yet, as a group, they're engaging in behaviors that are effectively racist.<br />
<br />
Hypotheses for what's going on have to fall into one of two broad categories:<br />
<ol>
<li>There are a substantial number of police who are racist, whether they believe they are or not.</li>
<li>Something about police organizations either requires or provides strong incentives for their members to engage in behaviors that have racist effects.</li>
</ol>
As a practical matter, there's not much to be done if hypothesis #1 is what's driving things. We're not going to disband police forces. Fewer things will dispel concerns about racism faster than widespread disorder. Over the long haul, it'd be nice not to hire racist cops. That seems like a worthwhile organizational goal, and one for which future cohorts of police should be screened. But this is no solution for either the short or medium term.<br />
<br />
So let's drill down on hypothesis #2, where something about the practice of policing causes racist outcomes. Let's moot some behaviors that might lead to institutional racism:<br />
<ol>
<li>Police are taught how to be intimidating. Unless you want almost as many cops as civilians, this is an occupational necessity. Perhaps, however, the intimidation tool is relied upon too heavily. I would think that that was a doctrinal thing that could be changed, although it's also a <i>training</i> thing, meaning that most good cops internalized the behavior back in the police academy. Now that they're older, it'll be hard to retrain.</li>
<li>Intimidation is easier if you're aggressive. If aggression is necessary to succeed, then there's selection pressure in police forces to be aggressive. Some aggressive people are thoughtful and careful to manage their aggression. But a lot of them are just assholes. Not necessarily racist assholes, but assholes nonetheless. As support for this hypothesis, note that <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/09/police-officers-who-hit-their-wives-or-girlfriends/380329/">spouses of police officers experience domestic violence at roughly four times the national rate</a>.</li>
<li>Police are taught to be very conservative when it comes to preserving their own lives and, even more important, the lives and well-being of their partners and fellow officers. This is just Paramilitary Training 101. But it leads to "Blue Wall" kinds of solidarity, which aren't necessarily in the public interest.</li>
<li>Police are taught not to let people committing crimes get away. It's hard to deter lawlessness unless its consequences are certain when it's observed. This is a fine policy until somebody winds up getting shot while fleeing or beaten for resisting arrest. After that, there's a lot of second-guessing.</li>
<li>Police need an SOP to make hard decisions. The trick to making as few bad decisions as possible is to rely on training and procedures whenever possible.</li>
<li>There's a natural tendency to confuse bad areas with bad people. Residents of high-crime areas lose the benefit of the doubt.</li>
<li>Arms races between the cops and the criminals need to be won decisively by the cops. In a society where guns bounce around like the particles in a gas, having better weapons and tactics is the only way to avoid getting killed.</li>
</ol>
All of these factors make perfect sense if your goal is to have an "effective" police force. Perceived effectiveness is always important in government, because ineffectiveness makes the news, and news kills the careers of people it touches in most cases.<br />
<br />
And we, the public, <i>want</i> an effective police force. We want to be able to feel safe. We don't want to deal with the debilitating effects of criminality on our lives and businesses. I don't see <i>any</i> solution to the problem of institutional racism that results in more crime being tolerated.<br />
<br />
This is a huge problem, because the deterrence of crime is wrapped up in aggressive policing. You need police to make it difficult for criminals to operate, which requires some degree of harassment. You need to deter street gangs, which requires harassing <i>some</i> assemblies of people in areas with a gang presence, and a lot of those areas don't have a lot of white people in them. So if we want crime to stay low, at least some of this institutional behavior has to be tolerated and likely even encouraged.<br />
<br />
That said, one way to get low crime with less intimidation and harassment is through surveillance. The privacy issues associated with pervasive surveillance make a lot of people queasy (including me), but if I have to change the mix between public surveillance, crime deterrence, and fewer racist institutional behaviors, I'm OK sacrificing some privacy for less racism. I'm <i>not</i> OK sacrificing public safety for less racism. That seems like an awfully good way to get the public at large to be OK with institutional racism, which is not a step in the right direction.<br />
<br />
But if we the public are going to rely more on surveillance and less on intimidation, it makes perfect sense for the police themselves to give up <i>any</i> right to privacy on the job. From the time they clock in to the time they go off-duty, body cams need to be universal and on. If the tradeoff is that cops don't get to have personal lives <i>at all</i> on duty, that seems like a small price to pay.<br />
<br />
Beyond this, there are some gimmes out there:<br />
<ol>
<li>Training practices need to change to de-emphasize intimidation and aggression.</li>
<li>Retraining for experienced cops needs to be a priority. This isn't going to be hugely effective, but it's hard to hold someone accountable for doing their job the way they were trained to do it without at least giving them a chance to know that the rules have changed.</li>
<li>Standard operating procedures need to be heavily revisited, and escalation rules need to have higher thresholds, even if it comes at the expense of officer safety and apprehension statistics.</li>
<li>Maybe we need to trade the size of police forces for more professionalism and pay a more technocratic kind of police more. A lot of the reforms I'm talking about here make the job more dangerous. If you don't compensate people for that danger, you wind up attracting the wrong kinds of people.</li>
<li>If you increase the professionalism of your police force, then your hiring practices have to reflect it. You need to dial down the aggression criteria substantially. As I said above, this isn't a solution for anything in the short term, but a commitment to changing the mix sends a signal to both the public and the members of the force.</li>
<li>Complaints by the public and domestic violence charges need to be given <i>much</i> more weight in considering promotions and disciplinary action. I'm reluctant to use the words "zero tolerance" here, because that inevitably leads to complaints becoming a personal weapon wielded by people who just don't like you. But aggressive, impartial investigation of such complaints needs to be increased, and even a hint of substantiation needs to be career-limiting, if not career-ending.</li>
<li>I can't see a way of reducing the <i>esprit de corps</i> of police forces, and the attendant natural impulse to protect fellow officers from discipline, without completely demoralizing your force. But body cams are a huge deal here. They are no doubt <i>also</i> demoralizing, but that's why professionalizing the force isn't a terrible idea. Note to the public: <i>You need to be willing to pay for this!!!!</i></li>
<li>Getting good intelligence (cf. "surveillance") to street cops is essential if you want to reduce the number of stops and harassment of innocent people.</li>
<li>Rules of engagement on escaping suspects need to be revisited.</li>
<li>I have no clue how to avoid the continued militarization of the police. You simply can't let cops go up against heavily armed suspects without enough firepower to counter them. Other countries have ways of limiting the quantities and lethality of guns in the society, but the United States doesn't. Absent a repeal of the Second Amendment, it's not happening. I don't think there's even a decent debate to be had on this topic. Guns are a fact of life. It would be nice to put an upper bound on lethality at some point, but then it'll take a couple of generations for the arsenals to decay enough to make a difference.</li>
</ol>
All of this stuff is hard and almost certainly fraught with unintended consequences. But we seem to have reached a tipping point where this needs to be a national priority. When that happens, the key to success is not to retreat when something doesn't work; the institutions need to <i>keep trying</i>. We members of the public need to reward administrations that fail and fix things <i>more</i> than those that retreat to the <i>status quo ante</i>. That's not something that the media is set up to allow us to do right now. Perhaps they ought to be thinking about some reforms as well.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<hr />
¹That this is so heavily politicized is deplorable. On the right, there's all kinds of dodging and weaving going on to avoid getting officer-involved injuries and deaths into the uniform crime statistics in any meaningful way. On the left, as I was googling some stuff related to the the ethnicity of gangs, I was surprised to discover that statistics pretty much vanish starting in about 2012. Apparently, people are only fans of data when it doesn't gore the oxen of their constituents.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-91512910688800966092020-05-31T01:54:00.002-05:002020-05-31T01:54:58.295-05:00It's Time For an Act of FaithI see from Wikipedia that the aphorism "May you live in interesting times" is <i>not</i> a translation of a Chinese curse. But it's still an excellent curse. And the times have gotten awfully interesting.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
There is a nihilist wing in the Republican Party. It's deadly serious about tearing down the federal government. Some of these nihilists are libertarians¹ who believe that if you degrade government to the point where it no longer functions, something will magically spring up to take its place and all will be rainbows and unicorns. These people are idiots. However, I'm willing to give them the benefit of the doubt and assume that they mean well, even if they're agents of ruination. When they see what they've wrought, they may be capable of learning a lesson. We'll call this group the "stupid" wing of the GOP.<br />
<br />
There is another group of nihilists, however. <i>These</i> people have read <i>The Dictator's Handbook</i> way too carefully, and believe that they can cement power in perpetuity if they can scare the public badly enough that they're willing to hand over their agency to somebody who promises to make the bad stuff stop. Then they can do whatever they want, for whatever purposes they see fit. Let's refer to this group as the "evil" wing of the GOP.²<br />
<br />
Mind you, I don't think that Trump believes he's in either of these two nihilist camps. Even a <i>stupid</i> nihilist has to have the ability to think about what he believes is best for society, and Trump simply isn't mentally equipped to do that. However, he is sociopathically self-interested, which makes him a fellow traveller with the authoritarians. In either case, he's perfectly willing to let both groups of nihilists use the executive branch as their own personal Port-a-Potty.<br />
<br />
Both groups have the same basic formula: First, hollow out the bureaucracy to the point where it's dangerously incompetent. Then, degrade all norms and customs to the point where nobody will believe a single thing that any representative of the federal government says. Then, wait for... <i>something</i> to happen to bring the whole thing down.<br />
<br />
Well, something happened.<br />
<br />
If the stupid nihilists predominate, I'd expect that they're starting to realize that they've had a failure of imagination, and that plagues, economic collapse, and public disorder aren't what they had in mind. In that case, some non-trivial percentage of them will reluctantly realize that Trump has to go and we'll get a slightly more competent administration, which will spend most of its political capital trying the repair the damage. Then we'll see where we are. This isn't a good outcome, but it's probably the least bad outcome.<br />
<br />
I've spent most of the last three and half years assuming that "stupid" was at the wheel, with "evil" doing a bit of back-seat driving. The rioting of the last few days is making me question that.<br />
<br />
In any sane world, a president who's directly responsible for tens of thousands of deaths of the citizens he's sworn to protect, and presides over the utter ruination of the economy, gets voted out of office. Based on recent polling, it appears that that's where we are right now.<br />
<br />
But the one thing that can derail that is fear. It does appear that the "evil" faction has figured out that they can generate any amount of chaos that they want, simply by turning fanning the (literal) flames caused by the social unrest that's sweeping in as everybody loses their minds from the dislocations caused by the pandemic and its massive unemployment.<br />
<br />
And this is why we need an act of faith on the part of Trump's opposition.<br />
<br />
Folks, the right wing has you figured out. Every time you take to the streets, however peacefully, they're going to be there to discredit you and make you look like destructive anarchists. If you go after voting reforms, they're going to make it look like you're suborning fraud. The right has finally read Alinsky, and they know what they're doing better than you know it yourself. They took everything you learned about how to wield identity as a political nuclear weapon and used it to form a white identity that dwarfs any coalition you can put together. They're <i>good</i> at this stuff.<br />
<br />
If you want to win--and if you don't win, there's a very good chance that the evil wing is going to prevail--then you have to believe in the American people. Don't try to inflame them. Don't appeal to their outrage. Don't pit them against each other.<br />
<br />
You're going to have to have faith in the American electorate. I have to admit that the reservoirs of stupidity in the country are much deeper than I could have imagined, but history shows that Americans are pretty good at knowing when they're about to go over a cliff, at which time they briefly come to their senses.<br />
<br />
Make your case--it's a slam-dunk. Make it so thoroughly that it removes the possibility of stealing the election. Get out the vote--it'll be <i>hard</i>, so you have to convince people of the stakes, and then be competent politicians. Watch the polls. And then, when you win (assuming you do), understand that your power stems from a sense that things have gone horribly wrong, not from some mandate to drive your enemies insane.<br />
<br />
But most of all, in the immortal words of a president who I thought was pretty mediocre but now looks simply awesome in comparison, don't do stupid shit. Don't protest. Nobody cares about your protests. Organize. Behave yourselves. The more you lower the temperature on the rage stew, the more likely cooler heads will prevail. If they do, you win. If they don't, you lose.<br />
<br />
Please don't lose.<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<hr />
¹I consider myself to be a libertarian. However, I don't believe in magic. I <i>do</i> believe that freedom and prosperity will flourish if they're given a fairly basic but functional infrastructure on which to build. Things like law enforcement (of not too many laws), public health, defense, and an executor of a foreign policy more nuanced than what a third grader could dream up are pretty handy.<br />
<br />
²There are of course non-nihilist conservatives out there. I'm pretty sure that they won't be voting for Trump--unless his opposition is so feckless that they think he's the lesser of two evils.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-25784677464817307082020-05-25T17:14:00.010-05:002022-03-22T00:20:00.679-05:00Lunar Starship Cargo Deck and Airlock ConceptsI need a clean place to put a diagram I did for another thread, and this is as good a place as any. I'll fill this out later.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMMxhGIhXPRX9L9UZqIc_vpFeHStT3YySnP1VwHmVtRuk-HwPncFuUMEz0BLcS-wfkND7f3PbtV6PxGLLYsWPZSDoOJ4WWJ-uW2vrs7tkkmTkEuV7Xhsh2Jg3m87pCqGOIfwGDxVNGGZO5/s1600/04-01-20+Starship+Payload+Envelope.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMMxhGIhXPRX9L9UZqIc_vpFeHStT3YySnP1VwHmVtRuk-HwPncFuUMEz0BLcS-wfkND7f3PbtV6PxGLLYsWPZSDoOJ4WWJ-uW2vrs7tkkmTkEuV7Xhsh2Jg3m87pCqGOIfwGDxVNGGZO5/s640/04-01-20+Starship+Payload+Envelope.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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Starship PERT chart:<br />
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Starship to Mars PERT chart:<br />
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SpaceX and SLS/Orion costing info:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga2HVPdwIm0ZgTu9G_qGGeycZauQqxzi7bzwvZ5hGBWJRTASI2XlvPUoLd9V4DNdQbnODeSZXOOhfM95Hc3EiW-mpg3UqYKobLl0mT08t-66srY9RAzWOfuiqLozH4szgb_dl3U0N3U5xD/s1600/07-12-20+Starship+et+al.+Cost+Models.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="286" data-original-width="648" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga2HVPdwIm0ZgTu9G_qGGeycZauQqxzi7bzwvZ5hGBWJRTASI2XlvPUoLd9V4DNdQbnODeSZXOOhfM95Hc3EiW-mpg3UqYKobLl0mT08t-66srY9RAzWOfuiqLozH4szgb_dl3U0N3U5xD/s320/07-12-20+Starship+et+al.+Cost+Models.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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Porkchop for 2024 window Earth to Mars:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh16HfFDWVKquKIzfGYZpI4H-gd7lrDJdGuUb4reRJjI2jsTUtuLAJYMHpDRZWQ7MbVvafNnH7_ezE49ehldoXj1xd2MZQd3p7ZGchtIbezvOgNa7ldSgON9wP_pOjHPqXsOYYiE3TwtAR4/s1600/06-28-20+Earth-to-Mars+Porkchop+in+2024.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="862" data-original-width="443" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh16HfFDWVKquKIzfGYZpI4H-gd7lrDJdGuUb4reRJjI2jsTUtuLAJYMHpDRZWQ7MbVvafNnH7_ezE49ehldoXj1xd2MZQd3p7ZGchtIbezvOgNa7ldSgON9wP_pOjHPqXsOYYiE3TwtAR4/s320/06-28-20+Earth-to-Mars+Porkchop+in+2024.png" width="164" /></a></div>
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Porkchop plot for Mars to Earth</div>
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2024:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX_qzcSOpXVApYmahFKYTE0dCjP_XSF9QZxZW5oKnQRuirIsMR7VzO4s8T0d0N5uu53PtSDnuzt5c16dJDPU2OC17l470GKtXkVrcvLOiZSaY06TiEtsguPueGxoaGwXKGYfykhUj0pfWc/s1600/06-28-20+Mars-to-Earth+Porkchop+in+2024.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="459" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX_qzcSOpXVApYmahFKYTE0dCjP_XSF9QZxZW5oKnQRuirIsMR7VzO4s8T0d0N5uu53PtSDnuzt5c16dJDPU2OC17l470GKtXkVrcvLOiZSaY06TiEtsguPueGxoaGwXKGYfykhUj0pfWc/s320/06-28-20+Mars-to-Earth+Porkchop+in+2024.png" width="168" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Satellite view of SpaceX Boca Chica:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8UVg3Oz4yGaDiw1xkb0__WRARGkhhDVrysJuECaK6Jq6ZBA0qDEZtGdzJJ6pL_RAdwSVfyMNIwXPujHDsUmiGgW-JYUhtmwubfkL4FAxqYuZu41SLsMEOGUM9gdboF7853c6PmTX_q5mm/s536/temp.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="536" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8UVg3Oz4yGaDiw1xkb0__WRARGkhhDVrysJuECaK6Jq6ZBA0qDEZtGdzJJ6pL_RAdwSVfyMNIwXPujHDsUmiGgW-JYUhtmwubfkL4FAxqYuZu41SLsMEOGUM9gdboF7853c6PmTX_q5mm/s0/temp.png" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">53.8º inclination bounding lines for the launch trajectory:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEfIj0-UtffWF7l-gOdo6UTpvwuWQiHvGDE79cY4pCiYmOZGvWCQkGge-dzRT4_vMKWTKN6sJXlWeBn2Cn2DSfgdmVikAr5aueFJRWy-7afRRv7ru55leKbvKvlPom3NVimkvZ9MOwhIMq/s612/temp.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="602" data-original-width="612" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEfIj0-UtffWF7l-gOdo6UTpvwuWQiHvGDE79cY4pCiYmOZGvWCQkGge-dzRT4_vMKWTKN6sJXlWeBn2Cn2DSfgdmVikAr5aueFJRWy-7afRRv7ru55leKbvKvlPom3NVimkvZ9MOwhIMq/s0/temp.png" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Approximate IIP zone for a 53.8º dogleg from Boca Chica, which keeps any possible debris from a failure out to sea for as long as possible:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj20igCS2RWV394hnJp83U70i-WNjcauS10NIURsFEztf7lP7YtWeJxLUKJlmApSGj4GsXde3xH6im1pdoPjfuvXXXsrAgEzrZHs8l6ZNP-KGtQurxdUCXjCtaDtwrbKsAN2mY9z6eEhJ1Y/s898/08-22-20+Dogleg+to+53.8.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="822" data-original-width="898" height="586" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj20igCS2RWV394hnJp83U70i-WNjcauS10NIURsFEztf7lP7YtWeJxLUKJlmApSGj4GsXde3xH6im1pdoPjfuvXXXsrAgEzrZHs8l6ZNP-KGtQurxdUCXjCtaDtwrbKsAN2mY9z6eEhJ1Y/w640-h586/08-22-20+Dogleg+to+53.8.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Here's a concept for soft capture and prop lines for Starship refueling:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioKdKzcuisubpGX4vgPxMiLzhEe_i3Fn_Uo_YkXhA6wlH6uF4rrf_tW_UBBlKWp6CMod3Rxoun_DbspZisIKA0hiBvJ01plbYFzsGRCtAzIUyUd1Jf7UuGfXG0ye3O7S2j3dIQ_RarmiMD/s720/10-20-20+Starship+Capture+Devices+and+Fueling+Lines+%25236.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioKdKzcuisubpGX4vgPxMiLzhEe_i3Fn_Uo_YkXhA6wlH6uF4rrf_tW_UBBlKWp6CMod3Rxoun_DbspZisIKA0hiBvJ01plbYFzsGRCtAzIUyUd1Jf7UuGfXG0ye3O7S2j3dIQ_RarmiMD/s320/10-20-20+Starship+Capture+Devices+and+Fueling+Lines+%25236.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Another random chart: A comparison of Starship as it exists vs. a nuclear thermal rocket.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJh566ad_QaXTckYIr5hNd9TshDwBqaMg8vzFS8kdJ28qO1NztlEwJ6L0GZezEnwyK-jatVL8SkObYfP4OTmfijYveSSV6kdhZ5IhXqa7eXmhd5udKtfb66wusWRylwCB2weqGHxCqlcjl/s413/temp.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="355" data-original-width="413" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJh566ad_QaXTckYIr5hNd9TshDwBqaMg8vzFS8kdJ28qO1NztlEwJ6L0GZezEnwyK-jatVL8SkObYfP4OTmfijYveSSV6kdhZ5IhXqa7eXmhd5udKtfb66wusWRylwCB2weqGHxCqlcjl/w400-h344/temp.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Second attempt, assumes NTR engine can only do propulsive insert back to LEO.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ15pDzxKAy8hfT-h2UVt-OTlWgC3m_c9EnwIjVKiKXMNYLF4QAByg2386tjvBxr0neKMHon0i0Mp7-oFT9VhDbs0PP_3FKN8KASv9IugEVqCUNp_H1JXcTSufU0TI4PuE0YwOLNqIxc4b/s515/temp1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="434" data-original-width="515" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ15pDzxKAy8hfT-h2UVt-OTlWgC3m_c9EnwIjVKiKXMNYLF4QAByg2386tjvBxr0neKMHon0i0Mp7-oFT9VhDbs0PP_3FKN8KASv9IugEVqCUNp_H1JXcTSufU0TI4PuE0YwOLNqIxc4b/w400-h338/temp1.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">And yet another chart that needs a home on the web, concerning risk assessment for various Artemis architectures:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB7F1b6LnVmGpknaV901xqk_8zxR-Nrsx2jVa5HyGreXL0iCX9zEFL0TVMcnbkiC-9VO54Xznd0Ryuk4ZBPc1MvhVnvPVp6Kb7lzaL8ZpohaW_yJYUgGG-N9W2ncfhAkpG8CBrPI0EFSTWfV0mvLsiMiuslr2g6lAakKizLzBI0j6MvEmQDJiXoGDSlQ/s1562/03-22-22%20Artemis%20Architecture%20Risk%20Assessment.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="715" data-original-width="1562" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB7F1b6LnVmGpknaV901xqk_8zxR-Nrsx2jVa5HyGreXL0iCX9zEFL0TVMcnbkiC-9VO54Xznd0Ryuk4ZBPc1MvhVnvPVp6Kb7lzaL8ZpohaW_yJYUgGG-N9W2ncfhAkpG8CBrPI0EFSTWfV0mvLsiMiuslr2g6lAakKizLzBI0j6MvEmQDJiXoGDSlQ/s16000/03-22-22%20Artemis%20Architecture%20Risk%20Assessment.png" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div>
TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-51405133067256137552020-03-18T14:23:00.003-05:002020-03-18T14:23:57.130-05:00Modern Monetary Theory and Covid-19Looks like Covid-19 is going to force us to perform a real-world experiment about whether MMT has any basis in reality. The amount of debt we're about to incur is going to be staggering.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-57623299839833472382020-02-24T13:51:00.001-06:002020-02-24T23:36:41.864-06:00Gavin Newsom For PresidentI am not a Democrat. I used to be a Republican before they became too loathsome to associate myself with. I'm a center-right kinda guy, so politically I'm pretty lonely these days. But my number one priority in the election is to get rid of that horrible, horrible man, so I'm a Democrat this year. I'll vote for whomever is nominated.<br />
<br />
Except for maybe Bernie Sanders. I'm not convinced that Bernie isn't worse than Trump. And, since it seems that Sanders is well on his way to becoming the nominee, that's a problem.<br />
<br />
At this point, I'd much prefer a brokered convention to one of the declared nominees. So my strategy for voting in the upcoming Texas primary is pretty simple: Vote for whoever can peel the most delegates away from Bernie. I haven't decided who that is yet, but my guess is that I'll just look at the most recent polls and vote for whoever has the most support besides Sanders.<br />
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Now let's assume that my strategy, writ large, is successful, and Sanders comes to the convention with fewer than half the delegates. That almost certainly means he won't be the nominee, which is good. So who <i>should</i> be the nominee?<br />
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Bloomberg is a possibility, but he has all the personality of a piece of wet cardboard, and the Democratic base views him with extreme distaste. You need a moderate to attract people like me, but you need someone who's leaning at the progressive side of moderate to keep the base in line. Buttigieg and Klobuchar kinda fill the bill. Biden fills the bill, but I think he's too damaged to win. Warren? Pretty far out there.<br />
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But there is somebody out there who has pretty good progressive-but-not-insane credentials, has tons of charisma, lots of executive experience, and is young enough to stir things up. That would be the current, one-year-into-his-first-term governor of California, Gavin Newsom.<br />
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Newsom is way too green to actually run for president yet, but he has enough experience in San Francisco and California to generate some excitement, and a clean enough paper trail that he can't be drowned in oppo research. He's feisty, speaks well, and is just the right amount of ambitious. If the convention offered him the nomination, he'd take it.<br />
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And Trump wouldn't know what hit him.<br />
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I'm not a huge Newsom fan. I think his policies are busy turning California into a place where only the super-rich and super-poor feel comfortable. But that is pretty much where the Democratic Party is headed, if you leave out the Bernie Bros. I can live with that if it means we don't have to deal with Trump any more.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-78808862472220224762019-08-08T17:19:00.001-05:002019-08-09T01:21:23.892-05:00White Identity Politics, White Supremacy, and White NationalismIdentity is the nuclear weapon of political strategy.<br />
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The two parties have used different strategies throughout their histories to cobble together winning coalitions. Republicans from Reagan through W. Bush often led with ideological pitches, promoting limited government, but the party insiders usually concentrated on business interest groups, promising particular policies that were friendly to the contributors. Republicans were always happy to tolerate the occasional racist dogwhistle, but it was always in the background of the ideological and interest stuff. At no time did they ever appeal to a white identity group, because whites simply didn't think of themselves in those terms.<br />
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Identity politics has been a staple of the Democrats for much longer. A coalition of African- and Latino-American identities were locked into the party structure about the same time that Reagan pretty much collapsed the Democratic ideological infrastructure, and rapidly became a major base for any successful strategy. Democrats also played interest politics behind the scenes, but identity was a starting point for any successful campaign.<br />
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Then things changed.<br />
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Before I go on, I need to define "identity politics" in more detail. We all know the term, but it seems that no two people have exactly the same definition for it. Here's my stab at it.<br />
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Identity politics transcends the more traditional interest politics. With interest groups, the basic coin of the realm is policy: a group wants something done for them, and they'll vote for the party that's most likely to do it for them. But the cohesion of an interest group usually stops at the thing they agree they all want. An individual may be a part of multiple interest groups, and balance those interests to get the best overall deal. Interest groups may have members, but the allegiance of those members is fluid.<br />
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But when you're a member of an identity group, the identity reigns supreme. There may be a slate of policies that benefit the identity, but ultimately the appeal is about power, not interest. An identity group sees itself through the lens of its disempowerment and/or oppression. The answer to that disempowerment isn't a policy. Instead, it's the acquisition, maintenance, and wielding of political power.<br />
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So, unlike the interest pitch, which is essentially "vote for us and we'll do the thing you want", the identity pitch is more like "vote for us and we'll give you a seat at the table, where you can make your own policies instead of relying on us to make them for you". But the price for the power that could accrue to the identity was that its members had to subordinate <i>all</i> of their interests to it; picking policies <i>a la carte</i> simply wouldn't fly. It was all or nothing.<br />
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Identity politics is about power, plain and simple.<br />
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2008 was the first watershed moment, where the Democrats realized how potent the identity strategy was. Nominating an African American said "we'll give you a seat at the table" better than anything else could. The traditional black and latino identity groups were rapidly supplemented with women, the LGBT community, and the beginnings of a specific "millennial" identity. It was dynamite.<br />
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It also caught the Republicans flat-footed. Not only had the financial crisis largely discredited their ideological underpinnings, but it was clear that they'd brought a knife to a gun fight. They got crushed, and they then had eight long years to think about exactly how they got crushed.<br />
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In retrospect, in 2016, somebody like Trump was almost inevitable. After spending lots of time wondering how they could counter the potent weapon of identity, the answer should have been obvious: they needed to get their own identity group. They just didn't see one that was readily available.<br />
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But Trump did. White people aren't used to thinking of themselves as disempowered and oppressed, but Trump was able to sell them on it, and it's been the animating force in the GOP ever since. And, once he'd managed to forge a white identity group, his group was bigger than any of the groups the Democrats could put together. He'd brought a nuke to a gun fight, and he was perfectly happy to set it off.<br />
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To be sure, many whites were and are horrified at the idea of a white identity. Whites have traditionally had a sort of <i>noblesse oblige</i> mandate to operate under what they viewed as an "American" identity, which could be slowly leavened with little bits and snatches of the best cultural elements from any ethnicity or nationality. Many whites still believe in that. (<i>I</i> still believe in that.) But Trump built a coalition of whites who were sufficiently downtrodden and frightened to buy the into the standard identity playbook. And it worked.<br />
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So this brings us to the first difficult question: Is the "American" identity racist?<br />
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Full disclosure: I am a 61-year-old white man, of upper middle class means. I believe strongly in the "American" identity. I believe that there is a unique American culture. I believe that it has remained vibrant for almost 300 years by using what is now called "cultural appropriation" very effectively. I don't view my identity as white, but I do view myself as American.<br />
<br />
That said, I acknowledge that I'm a member of the in-group. I've never had to fight to preserve my status. When my culture is leavened with the best bits of other cultures, its impact on me is negligible. In contrast, when someone of another identity shucks off his/her old identity in favor of the American one, the impact is wrenching.<br />
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Now let's look at this issue from its power dynamics. Members of the "American" identity have been in the enviable position of picking and choosing which cultural widgets to appropriate. It gives them the ability to think about policy and politics in terms of something other than raw power. Other identities don't have that luxury. They are dependent on the <i>noblesse oblige</i> of largely white, largely middle-to-upper class Americans.<br />
<br />
But the alternative to the in-group granting power to various out-group identities is a dynamic where <i>everybody</i> views things only in terms of raw power, and that devolves into the Hobbesian "war of all against all" in short order. So my answer to whether an American identity is racist or not is that it's the wrong question. The right question is, "Is the dominance of a white-mediated American identity something that can be inclusive enough and just enough to beat the alternative of an identity free-for-all?" I'd answer "yes" to that question, but it's not a slam-dunk, and it definitely requires obedience to the <i>noblesse oblige</i> ethos to be successful.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, the genie of a "white" identity is out of the bottle, thanks to Trump and his... uh... <i>innovative</i> political strategy. Which brings us to the second set of difficult questions: Is there any difference between "white identity politics" and "white supremacy" and/or "white nationalism"?<br />
<br />
Remember: Identity politics is fundamentally about the acquisition, maintenance, and wielding of power for the identity group. And a "white" identity, unlike the "American" identity, must operate on an equal footing with all the other identity groups. In short, it must acquire, maintain, and wield power, largely at the <i>expense</i> of other identity groups.<br />
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That sounds a lot like white supremacy to me.<br />
<br />
"White nationalism" is a similar story, but here we need to distinguish between "white nationalism" and "American nationalism". Nationalism is a term that's had pretty tough sledding for the last half century or so. That said, I'm usually proud of being an American, I believe in American exceptionalism, and, as I said above, I believe in an American identity. All of those things have at least a peripheral relationship to vanilla-flavored nationalism. If you corner me, I'll throw a bunch of caveats in front of my answer, but I'm by and large an "American nationalist". (I'm also a huge fan of win-win foreign policy, but when push comes to shove, I know which side I'm on.)<br />
<br />
The considerably more problematic definition of nationalism is one that advocates for a homeland for a particular ethnic group. Ordinarily, I'd scoff at that being applicable to anything with "American" as an adjective in front of it. However, in light of the recent "send her back" rhetoric, it needs to said: If your definition of nationalism is based on your race, then white nationalism and white supremacy are pretty much the same thing. And since we've demonstrated that white identity politics and white supremacy are the same thing, the same goes for white nationalism. QED.<br />
<br />
So this is really, really bad. Which brings us to our final, and most difficult, question: How do we fix it?<br />
<br />
If identity is truly the nuclear weapon of political strategy, then some of the language of nuclear diplomacy might be helpful. Two terms: "No first use" and "arms limitation".<br />
<br />
Since identity has already be used, we're kind of in the post-Hiroshima era of identity politics. It's been used against an unsuspecting enemy with great success, but everybody has a nuke now, and the next exchange is going to be ugly. Going forward, both sides need to back off.<br />
<br />
This is likely to be a bitter pill to swallow for the Democrats, who thought they had a sustainable asymmetric advantage here. But it turns out that they don't and, furthermore, simply because of demographics, the Republicans have an H-bomb instead of a fairly modest fission device. If the Democrats continue to use the same tactics, there will be significant leakage of voters from the "American identity" camp to the "white" one. That doesn't end well.<br />
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Still, we're not going to do away with identity politics completely--nor should we. Like it or not, there really are groups that are significantly disempowered, and for whom the acquisition of power is a completely reasonable political defense.<br />
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And this may be where "arms limitation" comes into the picture. Getting ourselves out of this horrible dynamic will require that <i>all</i> parties understand that there have to be bright lines circumscribing the use of identity. The natural progression of the current trend ruins everything, and ultimately degrades our most precious asset: the American identity.<br />
<br />
I'd like to say that I'm sanguine about being able to de-escalate this, but I'm not. Still, this seems the only way to get the friggin' genie to go back into the friggin' bottle. Perhaps a recognition that white identity politics = white supremacy = white nationalism will start to peel away some of the Trumpkin fellow travellers. It's one thing to accept his horribleness to enact some parts of the conservative agenda. It's quite another to destroy the culture that you're purporting to save.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-29122970704129094732019-03-23T02:49:00.002-05:002019-03-23T14:54:28.932-05:00Options For Commercial Launch of OrionThis week saw a seismic event in the NASA human spaceflight world: Jim Bridenstine, responding to yet another set of delays in the SLS Block 1 schedule, announced that he had commissioned internal studies on how to do Exploration Mission 1, which is an uncrewed checkout of the Orion system in cis-lunar orbit, on commercial launchers.<br />
<br />
He reiterated his support for SLS in the long run, but I don't think anybody believed him. If this goes forward, it's certainly the end of SLS Block 1, and likely the end of SLS completely. Opposition will be fierce, but this seems to be the beginning of the end for SLS. Outside of its contractors and its congressional patrons, few will mourn its passing.<br />
<br />
But we have to get Orion to TLI using a commercial launcher for this to happen. This post will look at some ways of doing that.<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<h4>
The EM-1 Mission As-Is</h4>
To start with, let's look at the interesting parts of the current SLS Block 1 ICPS (the stage that would currently provide the delta-v for TLI) and Orion. Because parts of Orion get jettisoned at various times, this gets a little tricky. Here's a summary of the relevant information:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="36"></col><col width="193"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="63"></col><col width="60"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="55"></col><col width="66"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Length"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Length</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"At Launch"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">At Launch</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"In LEO"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">In LEO</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"After TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">After TLI</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"At Reentry"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">At Reentry</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch Abort System (LAS)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch Abort System (LAS)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5044}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5,044</td><td data-sheets-formula="=13.3-R[3]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10.00</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Propellant</td><td data-sheets-formula="=7643-R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2599}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,599</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew Module (CM)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew Module (CM)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-formula="=10159-R[1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9299}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,299</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3.30</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew Module Adapter"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew Module Adapter</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":860}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">860</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"RCS Prop"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">RCS Prop</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":168}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">168</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"O2/N2/H2O"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">O2/N2/H2O</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":60}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">60</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.25</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew and Payload"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew and Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":320}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">320</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"European Service Module (ESM)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">European Service Module (ESM)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Fairings"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Fairings</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1383}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,383</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6185}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6,185</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.72}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2.72</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Propellant</td><td data-sheets-formula="=15461-R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9276}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,276</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion Stage Adapter (OSA)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion Stage Adapter (OSA)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1.50</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Adapter"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Adapter</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":510}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">510</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS Stage"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS Stage</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4355}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">4,355</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">13.70</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Propellant</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26853}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,853</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.983}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.98</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.00","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion Mass:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion Mass:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-19]C[0]:R[-5]C[0],R[-19]C3:R[-5]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":35704}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">35,704</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-19]C[0]:R[-5]C[0],R[-19]C3:R[-5]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26678}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,678</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-19]C[0]:R[-5]C[0],R[-19]C3:R[-5]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26168}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,168</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-19]C[0]:R[-5]C[0],R[-19]C3:R[-5]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9634}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,634</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS Mass:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS Mass:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-4]C[0]:R[-3]C[0],R[-4]C3:R[-3]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":31208}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">31,208</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-4]C[0]:R[-3]C[0],R[-4]C3:R[-3]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30751.499}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30,751</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-4]C[0]:R[-3]C[0],R[-4]C3:R[-3]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=SUMPRODUCT(R[-4]C[0]:R[-3]C[0],R[-4]C3:R[-3]C3)" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Mass:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Total Mass:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":66912}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">66,912</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":57429.498999999996}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">57,429</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26168}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,168</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9634}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,634</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion Length:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion Length:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-22]C[0]:R[-9]C[0],R3C4:R16C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.02}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">16.02</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-22]C[0]:R[-9]C[0],R3C4:R16C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.02}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6.02</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-22]C[0]:R[-9]C[0],R3C4:R16C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.02}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6.02</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-22]C[0]:R[-9]C[0],R3C4:R16C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3.30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS Length:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS Length:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-8]C[0]:R[-7]C[0],R18C4:R19C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">13.70</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-8]C[0]:R[-7]C[0],R18C4:R19C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">13.70</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-8]C[0]:R[-7]C[0],R18C4:R19C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0.00</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sumproduct(R[-8]C[0]:R[-7]C[0],R18C4:R19C4)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0.00</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Length:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Total Length:</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":29.72}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">29.72</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.72}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">19.72</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.02}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6.02</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.00","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3.30</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Here's the current EM-1 mission profile, from <a href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20180001259.pdf">this</a>:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="96"></col><col width="97"></col><col width="97"></col><col width="90"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="74"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Min Elapsed Time (d:h:m:s)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Min Elapsed Time (d:h:m:s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Max Elapsed Time (d:h:m:s)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Max Elapsed Time (d:h:m:s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stage"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stage</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:00:00:00"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:00:00:00</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:00:00:00"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:00:00:00</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1 SRBs+Core"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1 SRBs+Core</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch to 40.7 x 1806"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch to 40.7 x 1806</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9670}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9670</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS + OSA + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS + OSA + Orion</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:00:43:54"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:00:43:54</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:00:43:54"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:00:43:54</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Perigee raise to 185"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Perigee raise to 185</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">41</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OSA + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA + Orion</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:01:13:54"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:01:13:54</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"00:01:25:54"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">00:01:25:54</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">TLI</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2865}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2865</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OSA + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA + Orion</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"05:13:43:33"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">05:13:43:33</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"07:14:17:34"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">07:14:17:34</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Outbound flyby"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Outbound flyby</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":203}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">203</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"08:16:20:04"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">08:16:20:04</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"13:05:52:28"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13:05:52:28</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DRO Insertion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DRO Insertion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":178}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">178</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"11:09:40:52"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11:09:40:52</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"32:13:13:06"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32:13:13:06</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DRO Departure"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DRO Departure</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":313}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">313</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"14:08:56:42"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14:08:56:42</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"44:08:12:58"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">44:08:12:58</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Return flyby"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Return flyby</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":306}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">306</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"18:23:49:43"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">18:23:49:43</td><td data-sheets-formula="=CONCATENATE(text(trunc(R[0]C[-2]),"00"),":",text(if(trunc(R[0]C[-2])=0,R[0]C[-2],mod(R[0]C[-2],trunc(R[0]C[-2]))),"hh:mm:ss"))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"54:22:39:23"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">54:22:39:23</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion CM"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion CM</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Entry Interface"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Entry Interface</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Note that these are the worst-case delta-v numbers. The min and max elapsed time numbers are from the "selected" mission durations, which vary based on time of year, lighting conditions, eclipses of Orion, and (I assume) missed orbital insertions. I'm going to assume the "min" numbers for analysis below.<br />
<h4>
Delta-v For Various Launchers</h4>
Finally, we can compute a variety of handy delta-v numbers for various launchers. There are three sets of numbers:<br />
<ol>
<li>The first set are for a "reference" orbit. Launch providers all provide this number for a 200 x 200 km orbit with a 28.7 degree inclination. If you know the size and specific impulses of the various launch stages, and you know their advertised performance to reference, you can figure out how much delta-v is required for each launcher. Note that this number varies by quite a bit, because launchers with higher thrust generally have less gravity drag. This is especially pronounced with the D4H, which is pretty sluggish.</li>
<li>The second set are a slightly elliptical 185 x 620 km LEO orbit. We'll use this for several of the scenarios we'll examine, because it's pretty much a radiation-free orbit that works out for some of our better candidate architectures. Note that we have two numbers here: the delta-v to get to the parking orbit, and then the delta-v from there to TLI. (The TLI numbers are derived by fitting the C3 (specific energy) and inclination changes of the Apollo launches until I could replicate its numbers, then applying the same altitude orbit and inclination for from the 185 x 620 x 28.7 orbit.</li>
<li>Finally, there's this whopping huge 185 x 20,220 orbit at the end. This is used by some of our more poorly-performing options. Note that 20,200 is well into the second Van Allen Belt, and consequently would be unhealthy for crewed options--especially options which take multiple orbits to rendezvous. However, this is very close to the altitude of GPS satellites (although those have circular orbits and not this elliptical monstrosity), so we have an existence proof that the hardware ought to hold up OK.</li>
</ol>
Here are the numbers:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="80"></col><col width="86"></col><col width="81"></col><col width="65"></col><col width="57"></col><col width="68"></col><col width="66"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"200 x 200 Orbit\n(Reference)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">200 x 200 Orbit<br />
(Reference)</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 620 Orbit\n(Low Radiation)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 620 Orbit<br />
(Low Radiation)</td><td colspan="2" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 20,220 Orbit\n(You'll See Why)"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 20,220 Orbit<br />
(You'll See Why)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launcher"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Launcher</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Advertised Payload"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Advertised Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Computed Delta-v"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Computed Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v to Orbit"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v to Orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI Delta-v from Orbit"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">TLI Delta-v from Orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v to Orbit"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v to Orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI Delta-v from Orbit"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">TLI Delta-v from Orbit</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">63.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9040}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,040</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9155}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,155</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11108}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11,108</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1205}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,205</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH2R"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">FH2R</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":56}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">56.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9150}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,150</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9265}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,265</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH3R"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">FH3R</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":38}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">38.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9300}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,300</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9415}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,415</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":22.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">22.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9250}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,250</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9365}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9,365</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D4H"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">D4H</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":28.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">28.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10470}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10,470</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10585}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10,585</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12538}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12,538</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1205}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,205</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Now that we have some numbers to play with, we have some basic questions to answer:<br />
<ol>
<li>Can we make any modifications to Orion?</li>
<li>Is there any way to make do with one launch?</li>
<li>What launchers can we use?</li>
<li>What transfer stages can we use?</li>
<li>EM-1 is an uncrewed mission. Do we need to design for a subsequent crewed mission?</li>
<li>In a 2-launch mission, how long can we wait between launches?</li>
<li>How do we dock the TLI stage and Orion in orbit?</li>
</ol>
When we have these questions answered, we'll be in a position to evaluate some options.<br />
<div>
<h4>
What About Modifying Orion?</h4>
<div>
I'm going to rule this out, because the purpose of EM-1 is to test Orion as it is. Modifying it would defeat the purpose. Beyond that, getting Orion crew-certified has been hideous, and one can presume that any modifications would require still more hideous.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
One thing to note: We can't modify Orion, but we may need to modify the OSA. For our purposes here, we'll assume that the OSA acts as the anchor for the ESM fairings (see <a href="https://vimeo.com/260280456">here</a>), but the fairings themselves, which are parallel to the air stream, don't change.</div>
<h4>
Is There a One-Launch Option That Isn't SLS?</h4>
<div>
The short answer is "no". That's a shame, because a one-launch option is cheaper and more straightforward.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
There <i>is</i> one thing that needs to be considered before we dismiss this, though. If we can approximately double the propellant in the S2, there's a kinda skeevy mission profile where the S2 can't <i>quite</i> get to TLI, but there's enough prop margin in the Orion to do the rest. If this were possible, it would probably jump to the front of the line in terms of options. We shouldn't rule this out, but we should also remember that it's unlikely that SpaceX would be willing to do this without a huge incentive. (Getting awarded 5-10 crewed missions to NRHO would do it, I think.)</div>
<h4>
Launchers</h4>
<div>
If we're going BEO next year without an SLS, there are really only two other choices: We can use a Falcon Heavy in either its 3-stick-reusable, 2-stick-reusable, or expendable forms (FH3R, FH2R, or FHE), or we can use a Delta-IV Heavy (D4H).</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
A key factor here will be the availability of D4H cores. As a general rule, the lead time for these is about 36 months, and the pipeline is currently full with two missions for the DoD. However, ULA is already making noises that they can meet the demand if NASA needs them to. Whether that means that they think a National Reconnaissance Office mission can be bumped or re-hosted on some other launcher, or whether they think that they can actually spin up an extra 3 cores in the next 15-16 months, or whether they're just saying whatever they need to say and hoping that Bridenstine's study scuttles the whole idea, remains to be seen.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Assuming we need two launches for the mission, there are obviously 4 combinations of these launchers.</div>
<h4>
Transfer Stages</h4>
<div>
If you're going to make a mission out of a D4H and an FH, then obviously the two best candidates for TLI transfer stages are the FH stage 2 (FH S2) and the Delta Cryogenic Second Stage (DCSS), in its 5-meter-diameter form. (Note that the SLS ICPS is a very minor modification of the DCSS-5, and we should at least consider using it as a replacement for DCSS on the D4H launch.)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
To that list we probably need to add the existing Centaur 3. I don't think Centaur 5 is ready in time, and ACES is still pretty much science fiction.</div>
<h4>
The Difference Between Launching a Transfer Stage As-Is, vs. Launching It As Payload</h4>
<div>
At first blush, it would seem obvious that you need a full, ready-to-go transfer stage when you get on-orbit. Since we don't have time to build up an on-orbit refueling architecture for the EM-1 mission, it would seem to rule out reusing the second stage that got you into orbit.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But that turns out to be wrong. We need to look at how much propellant gets used by the existing second stages if we launch them with no payload. It turns out that both the DCSS and FH S2 can arrive at some kind of parking orbit with enough prop to put an Orion into TLI. There are some wrinkles that are stage-specific, but either will do.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The Centaur 3 is another story, however. If we were to use it, it really would have to go to orbit as payload. We might or might not be able to provide an interstage to make it look more like a third stage than a payload, but it would arrive on-orbit fully fueled with hydrolox.</div>
<br />
<h4>
Crew Rating the Mission Architecture</h4>
<div>
Bridenstine swears that a commercial EM-1 is a one-off. But he's also sworn that SLS is a key component for any BEO architecture, while he's handed the lunar lander architecture to commercial launchers, stated that the obvious cost-effectiveness of commercial launchers should be employed whenever possible, discussed moving LOP-G modules previously planned to be co-manifested on SLS Block 1B to commercial launchers, deferred the EUS and ML-2 components necessary for Block 1B in the FY2020 budget, re-hosted Europa Clipper to a commercial launcher in the same budget, and now is proposing to pull away EM-1.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
It sure seems like Bridenstine has decided to subject SLS to a death of a thousand cuts. If that's the plan, then the 2-launch architecture needs to be crew-certifiable.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Crew certification implies a few things:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>A different launcher will need to be crew-certified by the time EM-2 rolls around in 2023. D4H would be extremely hard to certify, due to structural margins. FH cores and S2's can be certified, but SpaceX has cancelled plans to do so. That would have to change.</li>
<li>A crew-capable distributed launch really needs to rendezvous in LEO, to avoid subjecting the crew to Van Allen Belt radiation. This turns out to be hard.</li>
<li>There will be some upper limit on acceleration if it's an eyeballs-out TLI burn.</li>
<li>Crew-capable launches probably need to get to TLI in one burn. As we'll see, this and requirement #2 are sometimes antagonistic to one another.</li>
</ol>
One other possible option for crew certification would be to launch a D2 or CST-100 and transfer crew on-orbit. I'm going to ignore this one for now.</div>
<h4>
Coordinating a Two-Launch Mission</h4>
<div>
There are three major problems to overcome with the two-launch coordination:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Stage life.</li>
<li>Crew safety.</li>
<li>Pad turnaround time.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
Currently, the FH S2 has been proven to be viable for at least 6 hours. The D4H DCSS stage has a typical mission time of 8 hours. Assuming that the Orion launches first, it has a mission life of 3 weeks. We can't use days and days of that, but a few hours isn't going to hurt us.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The Russians have performed successful rendezvous and docking operations with ISS in about 4 hours. NASA has not--yet. However, we will assume that NASA can replicate the 4 hour docking.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Note that this kind of haste is a serious red flag for a crewed mission. Not only do we have to launch the crew first, but an aggressive docking maneuver is going to make the Brown Trouser Brigade very unhappy. Developing a mission profile that's simultaneously safe and fast will be a major challenge.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Finally, while we're talking about major impacts to a few hours' delay, pad turnaround times are going to be measured in at least days. Since we only have two launchers that can accomplish the mission and each of those launchers only has a single pad, we can rule out using two of the same kind of launcher. We'll need both LC-39A for the FH and LC-37B for the D4H.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This rules out the D4H-D4H and FH-FH combinations as options, unless somebody wants to invest in new pads, or radically different payload processing infrastructure.</div>
<h4>
Docking</h4>
<div>
There are two ways to dock an Orion and its TLI transfer stage:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Stage nose to Orion tail, the so-called "eyeballs in" configuration (referring to which way the acceleration would be trying to pull the crew's eyeballs).</li>
<li>Nose to nose, or "eyeballs out".</li>
</ol>
Orion has stuff hanging out the back, so docking it tail-to-nose means that it needs a stage adapter, either hanging off of the Orion after separation from its rids to LEO, or on the front of the transfer stage. Since the Orion is generally lighter than its TLI stage, the former is preferable.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJtYvq9uMlAXopmhb3miztLTuKtoskJhO_XVkRpk7uvob0DNp54uSd0i8UHX7E7WT5pBx3ixIvMRP4MNJQTP2wrLevXt_gK2QhZ-5Ind5IcrRQTL-cyEAx1v2Qru_gzRp2MQYa-CH25eIw/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJtYvq9uMlAXopmhb3miztLTuKtoskJhO_XVkRpk7uvob0DNp54uSd0i8UHX7E7WT5pBx3ixIvMRP4MNJQTP2wrLevXt_gK2QhZ-5Ind5IcrRQTL-cyEAx1v2Qru_gzRp2MQYa-CH25eIw/s400/temp.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
One other thing to note: These pictures are fine for docking a TLI stage, but we also need to remember that we have to <i>launch</i> the Orion, as well. Here, it's much easier to launch the Orion on a DCSS or ICPS, because the adapter shown (which is pretty much <i>exactly</i> like the current OSA) can accommodate the ESM fairing panels as-is. The bottoms of the panels seat into the base of the OSA (like <a href="https://vimeo.com/260280456">this</a>). However, if we chose to launch Orion an an FH, we'd have to do something like this:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLyfHWuqlUppYsimGBLvMmIMDuDROMhM2J8opl4RnILAWE6Kov1mwW3QQPLu5O0Kf6oTVHy-ZX1uYqIQeiy-rCiGOg6SlRdDeEN5cLVyJhMYljRDFBWzCSFHelRe6HS_9gdM803SVwtuoH/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLyfHWuqlUppYsimGBLvMmIMDuDROMhM2J8opl4RnILAWE6Kov1mwW3QQPLu5O0Kf6oTVHy-ZX1uYqIQeiy-rCiGOg6SlRdDeEN5cLVyJhMYljRDFBWzCSFHelRe6HS_9gdM803SVwtuoH/s400/temp.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This would clearly be a lot more complicated.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But, no matter which launcher we choose, this nose-to-tail stuff is still <i>really hard</i>. Even if you provide a standard docking ring to mediate the capture and retraction of the Orion onto the stage, the stage will have to be latched all the way around its periphery. That's a 5 m circle for a DCSS/ICPS, and a 3.7 m circle for an FH S2. Getting the alignment and latching exactly right, and reliable enough to use, is a hard job.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In contrast, Orion is designed with an NDS docking port in its nose, so a nose-to-nose docking is almost trivially easy: Just slap a docking port on the standard payload attach fitting for your stage and you're done:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN3ymiYxEoJbCKk_pGTXlSgr2f21SWomYG2cD9mEtgTjyZf7MnruXPXl-MBuThm-NjNOzHc2E8kngHrXEcq9jCNle6tNCiompPT1dvDXSAqsOwDSjoOneshtH7N_JpGeCTuVVIDbArf4Cl/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN3ymiYxEoJbCKk_pGTXlSgr2f21SWomYG2cD9mEtgTjyZf7MnruXPXl-MBuThm-NjNOzHc2E8kngHrXEcq9jCNle6tNCiompPT1dvDXSAqsOwDSjoOneshtH7N_JpGeCTuVVIDbArf4Cl/s400/temp.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The question is whether the Orion, can survive the thrust of the transfer. And, since we're trying to do something that could work for a subsequent crewed mission, the term "eyeballs out" suddenly takes on some context.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
What we're interested in here is the <i>dry acceleration</i>, i.e., the acceleration just as the last of the propellant is being burned, which will be the maximum acceleration. Turns out that things aren't terrible, but they're not great for the FS S2:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="101"></col><col width="66"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="68"></col><col width="60"></col><col width="70"></col><col width="68"></col><col width="76"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stage Type"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stage Type</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stage Dry Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stage Dry Mass (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS Dock Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS Dock Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Thrust (kN)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Thrust (kN)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Min Throttle"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Min Throttle</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Accel- eration at 100%"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Accel- eration at 100%</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Accel- eration at Min Throttle"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Accel- eration at Min Throttle</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS 5 meter"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS 5 meter</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.2}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.7</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":110.1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">110.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100%</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-2]/sum(R[0]C[-5]:R[0]C[-3])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.6217105263157894}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*R[0]C[-2]/(sum(R[0]C[-6]:R[0]C[-4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.6217105263157894}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.2}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.7</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":934}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">934.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.39}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">39%</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-2]/sum(R[0]C[-5]:R[0]C[-3])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30.22653721682848}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-3]*R[0]C[-2]/(sum(R[0]C[-6]:R[0]C[-4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11.788349514563107}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.8</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The FH S2 will definitely need to throttle down the Merlin 1DV to keep acceleration to just a bit over 1 gee. The RL10 in the DCSS produces accelerations of less than a third of a gee.</div>
<h4>
Time to Look At Some Missions!</h4>
<div>
After combing through the various constraints we've enumerated above, we're down to 5 possibilities:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Modify FH to be able to support an Orion direct to TLI in one launch.</li>
<li>Launch Orion on D4H, then launch a no-payload FH and use its FH S2 as the transfer stage.</li>
<li>Launch Orion on FH, then launch a no-payload D4H and use its DCSS as the transfer stage.</li>
<li>Launch Orion on an FH3R, then launch a second FHE to act as TLI stage.</li>
<li>Launch Orion on FH, then launch a Centaur 3 on D4H.</li>
</ol>
Let's go through them.</div>
<h4>
Option #1: Modify FH to do Orion to TLI in One Launch</h4>
<div>
Modifying the F9 core isn't an option, but it might be possible to stretch the FH S2, or both stretch and widen it, to provide enough propellant to get Orion to TLI directly. Unfortunately, you simply can't make the numbers close if you're keeping the same three cores on the bottom. You <i>can</i> get to the point where the Orion can make up the missing delta-v for TLI with an S2 that's double the prop, but it requires a ridiculously high HEEO (185 x 94,000) to do so.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I'm not going to spend much time worrying about this one, but it is by far the cheapest way to get crews to NRHO (at least on a marginal cost basis) until Starship comes along.</div>
<h4>
Option #2: Orion on D4H, No-Payload FHE's S2 As Transfer Stage</h4>
<div>
Since the Orion Stage Adapter is designed for an ICPS, and an ICPS is almost identical to the D4H DCSS-5, the first thing to try in the 2-launch category is launching Orion on the D4H, then using an FHE with no payload to get its S2 to the rendezvous orbit with enough prop to do TLI. We can do this--just barely--by launching to a 185 x 620 km parking orbit, which has the nice property of being radiation-safe through the whole orbital path.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Here's a mission profile:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="100"></col><col width="99"></col><col width="77"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="54"></col><col width="50"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stage"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stage</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Avg Isp"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Avg Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Start Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">End Prop Mass</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"3 D4H CBC's"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">3 D4H CBC's</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch to 185 x 620 x 28.7 (total delta-v = 10,585 m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch to 185 x 620 x 28.7 (total delta-v = 10,585 m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4446}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4,446</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":425.99073195900434}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">426</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":84}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">84.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":64.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">64.3</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":612}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">612.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":114}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">114.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Center CBC"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Center CBC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3265}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,265</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":413.93848973679314}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">414</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]/3" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":28}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">28.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":64.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">64.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":114}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">114.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OSA + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA + Orion</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2874}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,874</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":463.0160650098071}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">463</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27.2}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">27.2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"3 FH Cores"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">3 FH Cores</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch to 185 x 620 x 28.7 (total delta-v = 9155 m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch to 185 x 620 x 28.7 (total delta-v = 9155 m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2 + PAF + NDS Docking Ring + F9 Fairing"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2 + PAF + NDS Docking Ring + F9 Fairing</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4656}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4,656</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":304.75852145308073}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">305</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":72.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">72.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":116}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">116.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1256}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,256</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":115.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">115.7</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Center Core"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Center Core</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2 + PAF + NDS Docking Ring + F9 Fairing"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2 + PAF + NDS Docking Ring + F9 Fairing</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1813}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,813</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":311.02000460432}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">311</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":116}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">116.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":115.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">115.7</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS Docking Ring"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS Docking Ring</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2686}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,686</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":348.14206349628563}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">348</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.7</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":109.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">109.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":47.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">47.3</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Rendezvous"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Rendezvous</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"small"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">small</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Rendezvous"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Rendezvous</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"small"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">small</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">TLI</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS + Orion</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3158}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,158</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":348.24852950803194}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">348</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.6}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":47.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">47.3</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.3</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Note that this profile is limited by the height of the orbit to which the D4H can take the Orion, but the FHE is in only slightly better shape when it comes to being able to take it on to TLI. In general, these margins would be unacceptably low. However, the Orion has plenty of extra prop on board, and can easily make up for any shortfalls, either from the D4H <i>or</i> the FHE. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This profile has the simplest set of work items associated with it (which almost certainly makes it the best for an EM-1 replacement):</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Modify the existing OSA to work with the D4H DCSS-5. This should be almost no work at all, since the OSA is designed to attach to the ICPS which is almost the same as the DCSS-5.</li>
<li>Assuming the eyeballs-out nose-to-nose configuration, build an SH S2 payload attach fitting with an NDS-compliant docking ring on it. SpaceX has experience with the NDS from the Dragon 2 work for the Commercial Crew Program, so this doesn't seem very hard. If we have to dock nose-to-tail, things are vastly more complicated, and likely unfeasible in the time allotted.</li>
<li>Develop a reliable rendezvous, docking, checkout, and TLI profile that will accommodate the FH S2 stage life.</li>
</ol>
The docking profile is definitely the long pole in the tent here. If we we only have 6 hours from FHE launch to the TLI burn, that's a little less than 3½ orbits. (The 185x1806 orbit has a period of 105 minutes.) The absolute best we can hope for is a direct insertion of the FHE into the parking orbit, rendezvous and dock two apogees later, and TLI burn at the next perigee: 2&half orbits.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
If the rendezvous, docking, checkout, and burn can't be accomplished in 6 hours, another option is to make improvements to FH S2 stage life. Installing heaters for the RP-1 tank and RP-1 fuel lines, adding insulation to the tanks, or adding solar cells to the stage fairing, and/or adding extra batteries are all possible--but they're not cheap in terms of R&D and, as you can see from the mission profile above, the extra weight will require adding in a little delta-v from the Orion.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The big drawback of this option is that the Orion is on the D4H. This pretty much rules out crew-rating the solution, since D4H isn't crew-certifiable for structural issues. An alternative to this would be to launch the Orion empty, then transfer the crew on-orbit from a CCP system (either the F9/D2 or the AtlasN22/CST-100). However, the crew would need to be transferred <i>before</i> the FHE launch, or we'll get bitten by the FH S2 mission life problem.</div>
<h4>
Option #3: Orion on FHE, No-Payload D4H's DCSS as Transfer Stage</h4>
<div>
Well, if D4H isn't crew-certifiable, why not launch the Orion on the FHE and use the DCSS as the transfer stage? The problem is that the mission is considerably more difficult using the DCSS, because the D4H simply doesn't have as much oomph to get it there with enough prop to do TLI. To do so, we have to launch the Orion into an <i>extremely </i>high 185 x 20,220 highly elliptical earth orbit, which has serious radiation issues, as well as serious issues for DCSS mission life.</div>
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(A quick aside: Some of you may be going "Huh? right now. Why do we solve a delta-v shortage problem by going to a higher energy parking orbit? The answer is because it's much cheaper to loft a no-payload transfer stage to the parking orbit in order to save delta-v at TLI, because we have to move the Orion with us at TLI. It's kinda weird, but it'll make sense if you think about it.)</div>
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Here's the mission profile:</div>
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<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="100"></col><col width="99"></col><col width="77"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="54"></col><col width="50"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stage"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stage</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Avg Isp"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Avg Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Start Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">End Prop Mass</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"3 FH Cores"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">3 FH Cores</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch to 185 x 20,200 x 28.7 (delta-v = 11,107)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch to 185 x 20,200 x 28.7 (delta-v = 11,107)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2 + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2 + OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3477}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,477</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":294.8954205575365}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">295</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":79.3}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">79.3</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":147.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">147.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1256}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,256</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":218.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">218.8</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Center FH Core"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Center FH Core</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA + ESM Fairings + Orion + LAS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2462}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,462</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":311.1030538912226}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">311</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":28.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">28.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":147.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">147.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":218.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">218.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH S2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH S2 + OSA + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA + Orion</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5169}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5,169</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":348.26741443029454}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">348</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":109.5}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">109.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.4</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"3 D4H CBCs"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">3 D4H CBCs</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch to 185 x 20,200 x 28.7 (delta-v = 12,537)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch to 185 x 20,200 x 28.7 (delta-v = 12,537)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS + PAF + NDS Docking + Fairing"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS + PAF + NDS Docking + Fairing</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4753}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4,753</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":424.74699177759015}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">425</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":84}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">84.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":35.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">35.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":612}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">612.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":114}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">114.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Center CBC"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Center CBC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS + PAF + NDS Dock + Fairing"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS + PAF + NDS Dock + Fairing</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4161}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4,161</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":413.9781778799631}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">414</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":28}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">28.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":35.8}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">35.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":114}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">114.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Continue"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Continue</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS Dock"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS Dock</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3623}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,623</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":461.2578704446506}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">461</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.7</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27.2}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">27.2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.4</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Rendezvous"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Rendezvous</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"self"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">self</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"small"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">small</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Rendezvous"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Rendezvous</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"small"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">small</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"DCSS"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">DCSS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">TLI</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PAF + NDS + Orion"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PAF + NDS + Orion</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1206}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,206</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/9.807/ln(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[3])/(sum(R[0]C[1]:R[0]C[2])+R[0]C[4]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":464.3263410773983}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">464</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.6}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.4}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The high apogee on this is a problem, even for an uncrewed mission, because it's in the middle of the second Van Allen Belt. This is technically the altitude of a medium earth orbit, and things like GPS satellites are quite happy here, but I doubt this is the radiation environment the Orion designers had in mind. The high apogee also implies a long orbital period (in this case about 6 hours). The minimum rendezvous is going to be a launch to LEO, a coast for 45 minutes, boost to the apogee (3 hours), one additional orbit to get everything squared away (6 hours) and then a coast to perigee to do the TLI (3 hours). Total mission time from launch: 12.8 hours--well beyond the DCSS mission life.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
SpaceX would have to build a completely new Orion Stage Adapter, with a boat-tail to fan the 3.7 m F9 S2 out to the 5 m width required for the OSA to handle the bottoms of the ESM fairings. This is a lot more work than using the D4H as the Orion launcher and the F9 S2 as the TLI stage.</div>
<h4>
What About 2 FHEs?</h4>
<div>
However, the more complex OSA might be worth SpaceX's while if they thought they could get some crewed missions out of it. I'd think that SpaceX would be rather circumspect in its criticism of SLS in general, but if they're offered the cover of killing it completely dead (which is what a crewed commercial launch would do), they'd probably go for it.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
A moment's examination of the two detailed mission profiles above should convince you that it would be very simple to do double FHE mission from a performance standpoint. I'm fairly confident that putting an Orion into LEO on an FH3R (3-stick reusable) would be doable, which would save some cost. It makes the issue of crew-rating the launcher at least possible, which is attractive. There's absolutely no radiation or orbit period length issues.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But SpaceX would have to figure out a way to launch two FHEs within 4-5 days of each other. (I figure that's about how much Orion mission life could be wasted.)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I don't think that the LC-39A payload processing would allow that. So SpaceX would have to invest in building a second pad for FH.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This... might not be as silly as it sounds. In general, there's no way that the launch cadence for FH justifies a second pad. However, there are plenty of reasons to think that SpaceX might want to be able to launch SuperHeavy/Starship from Canaveral, where the range of inclinations is vastly wider than it is at Boca Chica. Building a pad that can handle both heavy launchers might be attractive.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
SpaceX has also gotten dinged for not supporting vertical integration, i.e., stacking the payload on the erect stack, rather than bolting it onto the PAF in a horizontal position as SpaceX does currently. Horizontal integration is great for quick launch turnaround, but imagine an entire Orion stack cantilevered off of the FH S2 in the horizontal position. Some payloads simply can't handle this, and SpaceX can't launch 'em today.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
A second FH/Starship pad could also support vertical integration.</div>
<h4>
Talk of Centaur Should Remain Just That</h4>
<div>
Several people have talked up launching a filled Centaur as a payload, either on FHE or D4H. I can get this to work on a D4H, but it pretty much has all of the disadvantages of the Orion/FHE + Empty/D4H, with none of the simplicity. ULA does have some experience loading hydrolox into stuff in the fairing (they gained this experience by blowing up a couple of missions), but it's all on the Atlas V side of the house.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This is just a terrible idea.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Now, when Centaur 5 or ACES comes along, this should be revisited. But ACES is too heavy to launch as a payload, and I've lost the will to live when it comes to doing the numbers on Centaur 5. Just say no.</div>
<h4>
Your Handy Scorecard</h4>
<div>
Here's a summary of all the options, with pros and cons:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="152"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="89"></col><col width="91"></col><col width="88"></col><col width="91"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td style="background-color: #fff9d4; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px 0px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS EM-1 As-Is"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS EM-1 As-Is</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion/D4H + Empty/FHE"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion/D4H + Empty/FHE</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion/FHE + Empty/D4H"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion/FHE + Empty/D4H</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion on Stretched FHE"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion on Stretched FHE</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion/FH3R + Empty/FHE"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion/FH3R + Empty/FHE</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Parking/Rendezvous Orbit"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Parking/Rendezvous Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 1806"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 1806</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 620"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 620</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 20,200"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 20,200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 94,000"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 94,000</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"185 x 620"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">185 x 620</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Amount of Work for EM-1"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Amount of Work for EM-1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"A lot, apparently"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">A lot, apparently</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ICPS-to-DCSS mods, rendezvous profile"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">ICPS-to-DCSS mods, rendezvous profile</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OSA for FHE, rendezvous profile"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OSA for FHE, rendezvous profile</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"5m FH S2 with 2x the prop"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5m FH S2 with 2x the prop</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Not even vaguely plausible"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Not even vaguely plausible</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew Certification Work"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew Certification Work</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"What's required of EM-2"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">What's required of EM-2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Not certifiable without CPP crew transfer"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Not certifiable without CPP crew transfer</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew-certify FHE, OSA, 2-part TLI burn"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew-certify FHE, OSA, 2-part TLI burn</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Possible, but unlikely, for EM-2"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Possible, but unlikely, for EM-2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Within the realm of possibility for EM-2, but still pretty aggressive. Almost certainly requires building a second FH pad."}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Within the realm of possibility for EM-2, but still pretty aggressive. Almost certainly requires building a second FH pad.</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launch Cost Per Mission"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launch Cost Per Mission</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$1500M"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$1500M</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$750M uncrewed, $900M crewed (extra CCP launch)"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$750M uncrewed, $900M crewed (extra CCP launch)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$750M"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$750M</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$200M"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$200M</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$400M"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$350M</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant Margin"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Propellant Margin</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ample"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Ample</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ample with TLI correction from Orion"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Ample with TLI correction from Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ample with TLI correction from Orion"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Ample with TLI correction from Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Barely enough, even with Orion"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Barely enough, even with Orion</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ample"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Ample</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Radiation"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Radiation</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"One apogee in 1st belt, transit both belts on TLI"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">One apogee in 1st belt, transit both belts on TLI</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Transit both belts on TLI only"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Transit both belts on TLI only</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Very slow apogee in second belt, multiple times, with double transit of first belt each orbit"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Very slow apogee in second belt, multiple times, with double transit of first belt each orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"One slow apogee transit in second belt"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">One slow apogee transit in second belt</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Transit both belts on TLI only"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Transit both belts on TLI only</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Min Time Between Launches (hrs)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Min Time Between Launches (hrs)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":120}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">120.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Time From Last Launch to TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Time From Last Launch to TLI</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(90*0.5+(R[10]C[0]-0.5)*R[11]C[0]*60)/60" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.75}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(90*0.5+(R[10]C[0]-0.5)*R[11]C[0]*60)/60" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.85}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(90*0.5+(R[10]C[0]-0.5)*R[11]C[0]*60)/60" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12.55}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(90*0.5+(R[10]C[0]-0.5)*R[11]C[0]*60)/60" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17.833333333333332}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">17.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(90*0.5+(R[10]C[0]-0.5)*R[11]C[0]*60)/60" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.95}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Radiation Exposure (arbitrary units)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Total Radiation Exposure (arbitrary units)</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[8]C[0]*(R[-2]C[0]+R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.5}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[8]C[0]*(R[-2]C[0]+R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[8]C[0]*(R[-2]C[0]+R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":86.2}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">86.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[8]C[0]*(R[-2]C[0]+R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":53.5}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">53.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[8]C[0]*(R[-2]C[0]+R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Schedule Risk"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Schedule Risk</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"A lot, apparently"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">A lot, apparently</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other than rendezvous, very low"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other than rendezvous, very low</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Moderately low"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Moderately low</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"More than SLS EM-1"}" style="background-color: red; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">More than SLS EM-1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ridiculous for EM-1. Agressive for EM-2"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Ridiculous for EM-1. Agressive for EM-2</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Eyeballs-Out Acceleration (m/s^2)"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Eyeballs-Out Acceleration (m/s^2)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11.8}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.8</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.6}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11.8}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.8</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 20px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Single-burn TLI"}" style="background-color: #fff9d4; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Single-burn TLI</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="background-color: yellow; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: lime; font-size: 10pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I didn't score the Centaur. So sue me.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Overall, Orion/D4H + Empty/FHE is by far the best choice for an EM-1. If NASA wants to go with a crewed version later on, I'm pretty sure they'd have to go all FH (which would drive Boeing nuts), and I'm also pretty sure that they'd need another FH pad at the Cape.<br />
<br />
<b>Update 3/23/19 14:51:</b> OK, here's a stupid problem: The Orion ESM solar arrays apparently have only been designed to handle a 0.5 g acceleration, which is the maximum that the ICPS would generate. If we use an FH S2, we'll be at a bit more than double that.</div>
TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-24990790180700931652019-03-03T03:38:00.000-06:002019-03-03T14:21:54.082-06:00How to Use Starship In NASA's Lunar Transportation ArchitectureI'm encouraged by NASA's <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nasa_hls_baa_industry_forum_14feb2019.pdf">broad agency announcement of a lander architecture</a>. Unlike the the rest of the stuff being done by the Human Exploration & Operations Mission Directorate, it's oriented around commercial launchers, and doesn't seem to require LOP-G to succeed. That's smart.<br />
<br />
But it doesn't mean that all is well.<br />
<br />
SLS and Orion are still hoovering up $3.7B of HEOMD funding every year. LOP-G is eating another $500M. That's an awful lot of money that could be redirected to building better landers faster. It could fund a robust lunar base with robust power and robust water mining capabilities. Mostly, it's money that could have us back on the Moon in 6-7 years instead of 10.<br />
<br />
At the same time, in addition to the numerous political problems associated with cancelling all this stuff, one difficult technical truth needs to be faced: Orion is the only crewed spacecraft that will be certified for operations beyond earth orbit for some time.<br />
<br />
CST-100 and Dragon 2 are only certified for LEO operations, and neither has the delta-v necessary to insert into cis-lunar orbit and return back to trans-earth injection.<br />
<br />
So, unless we can come up with a credible alternative to SLS/Orion, and to the 3-stage lunar lander architecture being proposed by NASA, we'll likely have to live with them. And they're expensive.<br />
<h4>
An Obvious Question: What About Starship?</h4>
For those of you who are still reading a hard-core space geek post and don't know about the SpaceX SuperHeavy/Starship effort, SpaceX is developing what was called, until recently when the corporate flaks wrung their hands enough, the "Big Fucking Rocket", or BFR. Recently its two stages have been renamed to SuperHeavy (the first stage) and Starship (the combined second stage and interplanetary spacecraft). Both stages are fully reusable, and touted to have extremely low launch costs.<br />
<br />
We used to have fairly good numbers on BFR back when it was a completely paper rocket, but we don't know as much about SH/SS. I've made some educated guesses that its structural coefficient got a bit higher as design progressed, as well as plugging in numbers for the Raptor engines that have been announced since we had the good numbers. Here are the parameters I'll be using:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial, sans, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; text-align: center; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="195"></col><col width="90"></col><col width="74"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SuperHeavy"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SuperHeavy</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Dry Mass (t)</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":280.4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">280.4</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Prop Mass (t)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2834.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,834.6</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,090.2</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Step Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Step Mass (t)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3115}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3,115.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1185}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,185.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Structural Coefficient"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Structural Coefficient</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0.00%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.09001605136436597}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.00%</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0.00%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.08}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">8.00%</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-SL Thrust (SL, kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-SL Thrust (SL, kN)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1700}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1700}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,700</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-SL Thrust (Vac, kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-SL Thrust (Vac, kN)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1850}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,850</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1850}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,850</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-Vac Thrust (kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-Vac Thrust (kN)</b></td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1900}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,900</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-SL Isp (SL, s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-SL Isp (SL, s)</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":330}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">330</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":330}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">330</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-SL Isp (Vac, s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-SL Isp (Vac, s)</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":356}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">356</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":356}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">356</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor-Vac Isp (s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Raptor-Vac Isp (s)</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Raptor-SLs"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Number of Raptor-SLs</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":31}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">31</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Raptor Vacs"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Number of Raptor Vacs</b></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">6</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Thrust (SL, kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Total Thrust (SL, kN)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":52700}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">52,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1700</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Thrust (Vac, kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Total Thrust (Vac, kN)</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":57350}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">57,350</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13,250</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v for Landing (m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v for Landing (m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"640 + reentry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">640 + reentry</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":725}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">725</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
Note that, for the time frames we're interested in, we can assume that the Raptor has been upgraded to have a second vacuum variant, which gets higher thrust and has higher specific impulse due to optimal vacuum expansion.<br />
<br />
So, why wouldn't NASA want to use Starship instead of SLS Orion?<br />
<br />
There are three broad answers to that question, and then a lot of details:<br />
<ol>
<li>Really nasty politics.</li>
<li>NASA doesn't quite believe that SuperHeavy/Starship is real yet.</li>
<li>Even if SH/SS is real, it's not at all clear that it can be easily crew-certified--or crew-certified at all.</li>
</ol>
<div>
The politics ought to be silly, but they're not. If Starship is on the table, <i>especially</i> for crew operations, then the giant pork parade that is SLS and Orion comes first into question, then comes to a grinding halt shortly thereafter. I expect that to happen once SH/SS becomes more real, but it can't even be considered by NASA right now, lest it incur the wrath of its funders.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
Objection #2 is just a combination of institutional caution and a certain amount of pig-headedness. SH/SS is a unique design, with unique features. It would be silly for NASA to base any lunar architecture on it before it's even off the drawing board, to say nothing of tested.<br />
<br />
However, I'm pretty confident that SpaceX will complete SH/SS by at least mid-2022, <a href="https://radical-moderation.blogspot.com/2018/12/some-thoughts-about-starlink.html">because they need it by then in order to meet the FCC deadline for Starlink</a>. Things could obviously go wrong, but necessity, as they say, is the mother of invention. I don't expect them to fail. Still, NASA is prudent not to count on Starship before they're pretty sure it's going to work. My guess is that confidence will be much higher by the end of 2020.<br />
<br />
The crew-certification issue is considerably more serious. Because it's killed crews in the past, NASA is incredibly cautious when it comes to human spaceflight. The agency criterion for a crewed space system is that it has to have a Probability of Loss of Crew (PLOC) of 1 in 270. None of SLS/Orion, F9/D2, or Atlas V N22/CST-100 is actually going to make that number, but they'll come fairly close, and the designs are well-enough understood that it's expected to evolve to meet the required PLOC.<br />
<br />
Even with well-understood designs, there are strict criteria on the design for human life support and ergonomics. So the very act of attempting to use Starship, in any flight regime, for human spaceflight comes with a non-trivial burden. Just allowing astronauts to float around inside SS while sitting passively on-orbit will take some time.<br />
<br />
Beyond that, Starship has characteristic that make six things pretty scary:<br />
<ol>
<li>There is no pad- or launch-abort system for Starship.</li>
<li>If Starship is to be used to send crews directly to the lunar surface and back, it requires refueling--with the crew aboard--in a highly elliptical earth orbit (HEEO), that isn't reachable by the D2 or CST-100, and which transits the Van Allen radiation belts.</li>
<li>Landing a crew on the lunar surface is problematic.</li>
<li>Starship is a methalox system. For stays beyond a day or so, boil-off of either LCH4 or LOX on the hot lunar surface will become an issue.</li>
<li>Taking off from the lunar surface is a minor issue.</li>
<li>The reentry regime of Starship is novel, untested, and poorly understood.</li>
</ol>
<div>
Let's cover these in more detail. (TL;DR warning: This closetful of anxieties going to go on for a while. We'll return to strategy further down the post.)<br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<h4>
Starship Pad- or Launch-Abort</h4>
The purpose of pad- or launch-abort is to escape an exploding or out-of-control spacecraft. To escape such a catastrophe, the incipient failure has to be detected, communicated to the crew module, and the module needs to boost itself out of harm's way before it's damaged by a shockwave or pierced with shrapnel.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This was a feature of some, but not all, spacecraft. The Apollo, Orion, CST-100, and Dragon 2 systems all have abort systems that can:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Come up to full thrust in about 200 ms (i.e., they either have to be solid rocket motors or pressure-fed hypergolic systems).</li>
<li>Generate accelerations capable of outrunning the bad stuff that's happening below them on the stack.</li>
</ol>
For reference, here are four abort systems:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="155"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="73"></col><col width="94"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Spacecraft"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Spacecraft</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Aborted Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Aborted Mass (t)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Abort Motor Thrust (kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Abort Motor Thrust (kN)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Abort Acceleration (g)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Abort Acceleration (g)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Apollo"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Apollo</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":689}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">689</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/(R[0]C[-2]*9.8)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.061224489795919}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">18.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1779}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,779</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/(R[0]C[-2]*9.8)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.085034013605442}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dragon 2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dragon 2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":583}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">583</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/(R[0]C[-2]*9.8)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.359441073726788}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.4</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"CST-100"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">CST-100</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=356*2" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":712}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">712</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/(R[0]C[-2]*9.8)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.588697017268446}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.6</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Note that the accelerations vary by quite a bit. The reason for this is that the rockets underneath them also vary in size quite a bit. The bigger the rocket, the bigger the shockwave if it blows up.<br />
<br />
Starship is bigger than any of the rockets on this chart. I can't imagine a safe abort occurring at less than about 8-10 g's. So let's figure out what we have:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="47"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="57"></col><col width="62"></col><col width="55"></col><col width="60"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="87"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass (t)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Min Viable Crew and Hab Payload (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Min Viable Crew and Hab Payload (t)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Min Prop to LEO and Back to Landing (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Min Prop to LEO and Back to Land-ing (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Aborted Mass (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Aborted Mass (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Raptor Max SL Thrust (kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Raptor Max SL Thrust (kN)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Raptors"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Number of Raptors</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Abort Thrust (kN)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Total Abort Thrust (kN)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Abort Acceleration (g)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Abort Acceleration (g)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":85}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":473}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">473.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":568}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">568.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1900}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,900</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">7</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-2]*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13,300</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]/(R[0]C[-4]*9.8)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.3893360160965793}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.4</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
So the Starship has only about a quarter of the abort acceleration it would need.<br />
<br />
On top of that, its Raptor engines are turbopump-fed, which means that they take at least a couple of seconds from start command to full thrust. And on top of <i>that, </i>the Starship interstage is fixed and solid, so there's nowhere for the rocket exhaust to go before the Starship is pulled away from the core stage.<br />
<br />
Of course, NASA had a crewed spacecraft system that didn't have a viable abort mode: the Space Shuttle. But it also killed two crews. Much of NASA's obsession with small PLOCs comes from its experience with the Shuttle. I think it's highly unlikely that NASA will accept Starship, <i>ever</i>, as an acceptable vehicle for putting crews into LEO.<br />
<br />
This risk can be mitigated, however: If it blows up with no people in it, it's no big deal. So we can simply launch the crew on a D2 or CST-100 and have them rendezvous with Starship once it's been launched. But that implies that the place we rendezvous is reachable with the commercial crew spacecraft and their launchers, and that it's safe--which brings us to our next problem.<br />
<h4>
Refueling Starship and Crew Safety</h4>
One of the most innovative features of Starship is that it's designed to be refueled in orbit. This means that Starship can use all of its propellant just getting into LEO. Then, after several additional launches of SH/SS have rendezvoused, docked, and refueled the original mission, it has enough delta-v to perform a wide range of lunar or interplanetary missions. It's revolutionary.<br />
<br />
But there's a fly in the ointment here when it comes to going to the lunar surface directly from LEO: Even if Starship is refueled completely in LEO (a process that takes 11-12 launches, BTW), it still can't quite get to the lunar surface and back with a crew from LEO. Instead, it needs to boost into an HEEO to reduce the amount of delta-v needed on the trip to the Moon.<br />
<br />
We can figure out how much extra delta-v we need simply by working backwards. First, we need about 2874 m/s of delta-v back to TEI (which will allow us to reenter) + let's say 725 m/s to land. Normally I don't add safety margins into these kinds of back-of-napkins, but we need this number to be pretty precise, as we'll see in a moment. If we add in 10% margin, we're looking at 3711 m/s back from the Moon. With a 10 tonne payload of crew and crew module, that gives us 166 t of propellant required for the return trip.<br />
<br />
Gross mass at lunar landing will therefore be 270.8 tonnes.<br />
<br />
After that, we can find out exactly how much delta-v we have for the outbound trip: 375 * 9.807 * ln(1185/(94.8+10+166)) = 5429 m/s. But we need about 6010 + 10% = 6611 m/s to get from LEO to the lunar surface with adequate safety margins. So we need 1182 m/s pumped into an HEEO before refueling.<br />
<br />
There are two problems with that. First, an HEEO with the right amount of energy to soak up that amount of delta-v (when executed from a reference 200 km x 200 km x 28.5° orbit), winds up being about 6850 x 200 x 28.5°. An altitude of 6850 km puts the spacecraft pretty close to the highest intensity radiation in the first Van Allen belt--roughly 100,000 times that of LEO.<br />
<br />
That means that the Starship will have to be refueled with no crew aboard, because we'd fry them if they hung around through multiple trips to the center of the first Van Allen belt. According to my numbers, that's doable with a reusable F9/D2 with 500 kg of crew aboard, but they still have to do a rendezvous operation in a hostile radiation environment. At the very least, they're guaranteed two extra trips to the center of the belt, but that assumes a highly precise rendezvous, and expeditions crew transfer, and a very quick checkout before heading off to TLI.<br />
<br />
Another possibility is to refuel in a circular orbit in between the first and second belts. But that would require about 2450 m/s of delta-v, which is beyond what the F9 and D2 can muster.<br />
<br />
It's <i>possible</i> that NASA might deem boarding the crew in LEO, then boosting up to the safe zone. But that requires refueling with a crew aboard. I'm pretty sure that this is something that can be certified as being safe eventually, but it's not as safe as a rendezvous and transfer to a pre-fueled Starship.<br />
<br />
Unlike the launch abort issue, this isn't a showstopper, but it's definitely going to cause some concern from NASA, and will take longer to certify. If we can do refueling and crew ops inside the radiation belts, it's a big risk reduction.<br />
<h4>
Landing On the Moon With People</h4>
For the moment, let's assume that we've managed to get our crew on and refueled the Starship in an HEEO, so we can actually get to the lunar surface and back. Now let's see what's involved with landing. The requirements are to give the crew the proper tools to evaluate and commit to an exact landing site, and to land safely without tipping over. There are several problems:<br />
<br />
<b>Ergonomics</b>. However the crew module for Starship is constructed, it's unlikely to be a very good design for looking down to visualize the surface during landing. I suspect that SpaceX will have to prove to NASA that some kind of binocular camera system will give the crew the tools necessary to see what they're about to land on.<br />
<br />
<b>Lack of hover capability.</b> When an F9 core comes in to landing on a drone ship or one of the shore-based landing pads, it performs what is now called a <i>hoverslam: </i>its velocity goes to 0 very close to where its altitude goes to zero, but there's a fair amount of upward acceleration at that moment when the engines get turned off. If the engines <i>weren't</i> turned off, the core would go flying back up into the air and there'd be a big mess.<br />
<br />
This isn't going to work on the lunar surface. For the first missions, the surface will be unprepared, and navigational aids will be minimal. The cargo and crewed missions will therefore need to be able to hover, evaluate the landing site, potentially move laterally to find a better site, hover again, and finally touch down.<br />
<br />
Let's compute the hover criterion for a crewed Starship. Up above, we computed the gross lunar touchdown mass to be 270.8 tonnes. In lunar gravity of 1.62 m/s², the weight of the vehicle will be 438.7 kN.<br />
<br />
A single Raptor engine has a maximum thrust of 1900 kN, and it's expected to be able to throttle down safely to 20% thrust, so the minimum thrust for Starship in vacuum is 380 kN. So a single Raptor can allow Starship to hover at the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
But <i>two</i> Raptors can't. If NASA wants a fault-tolerant landing profile, Starship can't provide it. To do so, it would have to have some combination of prop and payload that had at least 208 t more mass than our minimum landing. That will require an HEEO that absolutely can't be orbiting in the Van Allen belt safe zone, and it will require more refueling launches, which will raise the cost/mass delivered to the surface--especially if the mass is just ballast. (There's nothing to say that it can't be real payload, but I'm not sure how NASA is going to feel about massive payloads flying with crews, and I'm also not sure how much a massive payload is going to cost. It may be that NASA has a hard time filling a Starship up with useful stuff to its full 100 t payload limit.)<br />
<br />
<b>Damage Mitigation</b>. One of the nice things about a two-stage lander with an expendable descent module is that if you damage the descent engines on landing, the ascent engines are still fine and capable of getting the crew back to orbit. (If you think this is silly, it actually happened on Apollo 15.) Since <i>nothing</i> is expendable about Starship, NASA would have to be convinced that the bottom of the vehicle was tough enough to survive any landing scenario without damage.<br />
<br />
<b>Last But Hardly Least: Tilt Stability. </b>Below is a diagram of the base of Starship, assuming that it's 9 m wide and has 5 m wide fins/landing legs. The base is simply the outline connecting the three points of contact with the ground. Because there are three legs, the closest point from the center of mass to the edge of the base is 4.75 m.<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7hVlTQm4LsrXfCPtDzLKPRbI6C3Pa9z0gps5BzW-DtHG-HCSR-YTx_6tiXhav7Idtp8Yp_brF_fJBiwSMhEctZXdz5O8bF8Ie808QS5lpLrFI8aCoAWLrHgmSTL7ZGRkNCeHzg_6Eawp8/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1193" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7hVlTQm4LsrXfCPtDzLKPRbI6C3Pa9z0gps5BzW-DtHG-HCSR-YTx_6tiXhav7Idtp8Yp_brF_fJBiwSMhEctZXdz5O8bF8Ie808QS5lpLrFI8aCoAWLrHgmSTL7ZGRkNCeHzg_6Eawp8/s320/temp.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
Now, the criterion for something <i>not </i>tipping over is that the center of mass has to stay inside the prism (in this case a triangular prism) made by extending the base upwards. If it strays out of that prism, the torque that wants to push the center back upright will be smaller than the torque that wants to tip the Starship over, and it will indeed tip.<br />
<br />
I did a crude model assuming that we land with the 166 t of prop and a 10 t payload, and came up with a center of mass that's 17.9 m up from the bottom of a 52 m (with landing legs) Starship. To remain upright, the tilt angle can't exceed arctan(4.75/17.9) = 14.9°.<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBaGbU5EwjOExhcRHb6oO2-ebdeI1_RvdHlp1i2T1uJLG8szz7okRL0Yf8siv2KlwigU7vxz0gcG3vTGlhA1dqjoDxLlGfymB2mB6wRb_i8n8Kc4AOh7h_s2XgwWNj4u5FSYxZCPmQH7cI/s1600/temp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1237" data-original-width="1425" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBaGbU5EwjOExhcRHb6oO2-ebdeI1_RvdHlp1i2T1uJLG8szz7okRL0Yf8siv2KlwigU7vxz0gcG3vTGlhA1dqjoDxLlGfymB2mB6wRb_i8n8Kc4AOh7h_s2XgwWNj4u5FSYxZCPmQH7cI/s320/temp.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
Let's now think about the conditions under which Starship will have to transport crews. If it's the pathfinder mission, it will likely be landing in the following conditions:<br />
<ol>
<li>The landing area will be an unimproved area.</li>
<li>The area likely have at least small boulders, so the crew will likely have to fiddle with the touchdown point to avoid those boulders--and may only be successful at avoiding the really big ones.</li>
<li>Soil conditions will be somewhat uncertain (although this risk can be minimized by the robot cargoes that precede any human landing).</li>
<li>Most of the landing sites we're interested in are near a Peak of Not-Quite-Eternal Light: a small set of regions near the poles where the rims of craters are in almost-continuous sunlight, allowing a lunar base that can be solar powered without having huge amounts of battery storage for the 2-week lunar night. The angle of repose of most of the PONQUELs doesn't exceed 30°, but we have a system with a maximum tilt angle of 14.9°.</li>
</ol>
This is a bad problem. I don't know if it's a showstopper or not. SpaceX could increase the width of the landing leg system through various forms of funky mechanical engineering. They could conceivably also find a way to land Starship horizontally, although that's not something that's ever been discussed.<br />
<br />
My guess is that NASA will be a bit worried about landing cargo with Starship, but the cost advantages will eventually outweigh the hand-wringing. But the Brown Trouser Brigade will be out in full force if any attempt is made to land crews without a lot of risk mitigation.<br />
<h4>
Supporting Long Missions on the Surface</h4>
Suppose we find a way to land crews safely. What limitations does Starship impose on the length of the crew mission and the safety of the crew on the surface?<br />
<br />
For the very first mission, there's a decent likelihood that the crew will be living in the lander, at least until they can get a pre-positioned hab set up. This is a fairly small nit, but getting out of and into a Starship will involve a fairly elaborate mechanism to get to the surface. The crew module has to be at least 32 m above the surface. Lunar gravity is weak, but a fall from that height will have your astronauts hitting the ground at 10.2 m/s. That's almost 23 mph--it's not recommended.<br />
<br />
By far the biggest risk here has to do with Starship's cryogenic propellant. The lunar surface is hot during the day, because it not only has solar thermal radiation from the sky hitting stuff, but radiation is also reflected off of the surface onto any object.<br />
<br />
Starship is designed to keep methalox propellant cold enough in space to achieve a full Mars transit, so we're assuming that SpaceX has a plan for how to do this. But the Moon is a lot hotter. Boil-off under surface conditions will be higher than in space. This may impose a maximum mission limit.<br />
<br />
I view this set of surface risks to be manageable in fairly short order. But they do need to be managed.<br />
<h4>
Lifting Off From the Moon</h4>
Compared to landing, lifting off is a breeze, but there is one thing to be aware of, and it's a variant of the problems Starship has doing launch aborts: Turbopump-fed engines don't come up to full thrust instantaneously.<br />
<br />
When we launch from Earth, this isn't a problem, because we have hold-down hardware to keep the rocket from lifting off before we've come to full thrust. But that won't be available on the Moon. So the engines will have to be sufficiently reliable and predictable in their startup behavior so that an uneven start or an engine failure doesn't wind up tipping the vehicle over.<br />
<h4>
Reentry and Landing</h4>
Again, there are multiple problems:<br />
<br />
<b>Novel Thermal Protection. </b>Recent tweets from Elon indicate that Starship will be forgoing a more conventional heat shield and using a stainless steel skin with "transpiration cooling", where a small amount of cryogenic LCH4 will be pumped into a jacket surrounding the hot parts of the ship, to be expelled and evaporated through small pores in the outer skin.<br />
<br />
Needless to say, this hasn't ever been done on a crew-certified spacecraft--especially one that's coming in at TEI speeds.<br />
<br />
<b>Aerodynamics and Acceleration. </b>The reentry profile will have a high angle of attack. The Space Shuttle had an angle of attack of 40°; SpaceX has described the entry profile of Starship as like a "belly flop", with an angle of attack of almost 90°.<br />
<br />
The idea is to use as much surface area as possible to generate friction and slow the vehicle down. But that of course requires limiting accelerations to something that won't turn the crew into goo. Working out a human-tolerable profile may be tougher than doing so for a cargo ship with a bit of down-mass.<br />
<br />
<b>Powered Landings Only. </b>Once we get through the scary parts of the reentry, there are some mundane but still potentially lethal issues. NASA is very fond of parachutes and not-so-fond of powered landings. Parachutes to slow a 100 tonne vehicle simply aren't going to happen.<br />
<br />
<b>Landing Off-Course. </b>There's also the possibility of large navigation errors. We've already discussed Starship's problems landing on the Moon; the same issues apply if it has to put down somewhere other than its prepared pad. (Note, however, that the tilt stability will be better, because almost all propellant will be gone on landing.) And of course most of Earth's surface is covered with water. The possibility of a tail-down water landing doesn't sound great to me (although it could probably be made survivable--rockets with empty prop tanks float great, as long as the tanks don't rupture).<br />
<h4>
More Bad News</h4>
All in all, the Six Scary Things (and their Numerous Other Scary Sub-Things), represent a daunting challenge to getting Starship crew-certified. If all of these have to be tackled before crew certification, we'd be looking at a longer than usual certification task. To get some feel for what "longer than usual" might mean, let's looks at post-Apollo history:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="121"></col><col width="100"></col><col width="63"></col><col width="79"></col><col width="63"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Spacecraft"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Spacecraft</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Evolved From"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Evolved From</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Design Start"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Design Start</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Operational"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Opera-tional</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Time to Certify"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Years to Certify</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Space Shuttle"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Space Shuttle</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Clean Sheet"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Clean Sheet</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1968}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1968</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1982}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1982</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]-R[0]C[-2]+1" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion MPCV"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion MPCV</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion CEV"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion CEV</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2004}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2004</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2024}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2024</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]-R[0]C[-2]+1" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">21</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dragon 2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Dragon 2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dragon 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dragon 1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2012}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2012</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2020}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2020</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]-R[0]C[-2]+1" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"CST-100"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">CST-100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Clean Sheet"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Clean Sheet</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2010}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2010</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2020}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2020</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-1]-R[0]C[-2]+1" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The vehicle that Starship most closely resembles is the Space Shuttle. It benefits from SpaceX's experience making reusable engines and spacecraft, which would likely make it faster to certify. On the other hand, it has lunar landing modes and high-energy reentry requirements that the Space Shuttle doesn't have. I wouldn't be surprised if certification across all the flight regimes discussed above took about 10 years. Start that from, say, last year, and you're looking at 2028 before Starship is available to completely replace the suite of NASA vehicles that will be used for the lunar architecture.<br />
<h4>
And Now, Finally, Some Good News</h4>
There's one flight regime we haven't talked much about: transporting crews from LEO to some kind of cis-lunar orbit <i>and then back to LEO</i>.<br />
<br />
If the Starship launches without a crew, doesn't require an HEEO with an altitude greater than 600 km, doesn't land on the Moon, and doesn't reenter with a crew, then the only sub-problem from the Six Scary Things is to manage methalox boil-off while Starship waits in cis-lunar space--which is much simpler on-orbit than on the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
The idea here is that Starship launches with no crew but with a crew module (CM) to a very minimal 600x200 HEEO. (This is about 100 m/s above 200x200.) After however many refueling flights get Starship topped off, an F9/D2 or Atlas V N22/CST-100 brings the crew to HEEO and transfers them to the CM in Starship. Note that at 600 km, radiation from the inner Van Allen Belt isn't a problem. The D2 or CST-100 then loiters in this orbit, waiting for the crew to return.<br />
<br />
Starship then does TLI and inserts itself into NRHO. From there, the crew does whatever it came for and, when they're done, they return to the CM in Starship (if they ever left it--more on this in a moment).<br />
<br />
Starship then does TEI but, instead of doing a direct reentry, it does a powered insertion back into the same HEEO it left. Note that this takes considerably more delta-v than direct reentry, which limits the payload substantially. Once back in HEEO, Starship can rendezvous with the D2 or CST-100, the crew transfers back, and uses the commercial crew capsule to reenter and land. Starship may or may not have to refuel at this point. Once it does, it also reenters and lands, with no crew to endure Scary Thing #6.<br />
<br />
Let's spend a moment on the crew module. If done properly, the CM is merely another payload for a cargo Starship to take to HEEO. The CM is self-contained and capable of sustaining a crew in comfort for at least two weeks. It has no propulsion, although it may have attitude control.<br />
<br />
An unaddressed detail concerns letting the crew see out (which is pretty important for tourism!). This could be a big problem, but I'm assuming that Starship will wind up swapping the Pinto Hatchback half-clamshell fairing shown in the slideware for something resembling the Space Shuttle payload bay doors. If that's the case, you just put windows in your CM and open the PBDs when Starship isn't maneuvering.<br />
<br />
Note how we've collapsed the process of crew-qualification for Starship to two simple requirements:<br />
<ol>
<li>Have a CM that can sustain the crew.</li>
<li>Crew-qualify the CM and Starship to make maneuvers that occur only in space, and only expose the crew to radiation on the way to and from cis-lunar space.</li>
</ol>
This isn't a slam-dunk. There are innumerable requirements to certify power, ECLSS, thermal management, MMOD damage mitigation, etc. But this is all stuff that SpaceX is doing with Dragon 2. I can't imagine this taking more than 1-2 years after getting cargo Starship into service.<br />
<h4>
Why NRHO? Why Not LLO Instead?</h4>
Crew-certifying Starship and the CM would allow it and commercial crew to replace SLS/Orion as a (much cheaper!) way of getting crews to NRHO. But if we're going to use Starship to ferry crews from LEO to cis-lunar space and back, why should we settle for NRHO? Why not go all the way to LLO, allowing simplification of the architecture?<br />
<br />
There are three big reasons:<br />
<br />
First, NASA is going to use NRHO. It has to at least send a couple of crews via SLS Block 1/Orion to save congressional face, and NRHO is as deep as Orion can go into the lunar gravity well and still get home.<br />
<br />
Any viable architecture must also rely on multiple launch service providers. Going with Starship as a single-source provider is politically impossible, even if NASA could become comfortable with the current risk associated with Starship. Here's a list of the various contenders:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="167"></col><col width="74"></col><col width="78"></col><col width="74"></col><col width="83"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launcher System"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launcher System</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Capacity to LEO (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Capacity to LEO (t)</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Capacity to TLI (t)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Capacity to TLI (t)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Capacity to NRHO @ Isp=375"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Capacity to NRHO @ Isp=375</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Capacity to LLO @ Isp=375"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Capacity to LLO @ Isp=375</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":85}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">85.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":23.314440849413963}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">23.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7.469576866743285}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">7.5</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":105}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">105.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":39}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">39.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34.31181860857149}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">34.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.992962181244835}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Falcon Heavy Expendable"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Falcon Heavy Expendable</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">63.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17.595804414652047}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">17.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.637416503202479}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.6</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH 2-Core Reusable"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH 2-Core Reusable</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":55}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">55.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">16.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.868454730380979}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.763616945206095}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.8</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH 3-Core Reusable"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH 3-Core Reusable</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":39.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">39.5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.589713405985366}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.0723919942453515}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":45}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">45.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.99737775915753}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.5233853145015495}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.5</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vulcan Centaur Heavy"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Vulcan Centaur Heavy</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34.9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">34.9</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-471/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.149818295619065}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-4657/375/9.807)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.931456581665289}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="5" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Good data, educated guess, sheer wild-ass guess"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">Good data</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="color: #04b809; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">educated guess</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">sheer wild-ass guess</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
From this, you can see that the most likely non-SpaceX commercial options will be New Glenn and Vulcan Heavy (this consists of the Vulcan core, 6 solid rocket boosters, and the Centaur 5 long second stage). As we'll soon see, the payloads barely acceptable when NG and VH go to NRHO; going to LLO makes them tiny.<br />
<br />
Finally, things aren't exactly rosy for Starship, if we're to keep to the crewed profile we've been discussing. Here are three different Starship missions:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="123"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="49"></col><col width="32"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="51"></col><col width="55"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="63"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="9" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starhip to Various Cis-Lunar Desinations and Back"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starhip to Various Cis-Lunar Desinations and Back</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vehicle"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Vehicle</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10% (m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10% (m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Start Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">End Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refuel Launches"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Refuel Launches</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">HEEO to NRHO</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(3614-100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3865.4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3865</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,090.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":254.39416354550121}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">254.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-2]/100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NRHO to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">NRHO to HEEO</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(3432-100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3665.2000000000003}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3665</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sscmmass+0.5+ssferrydrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13.169916798948098}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":254.39416354550121}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">254.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25.787520786814024}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to LLO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">HEEO to LLO</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(4125-100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4427.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4428</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="='Lander+CM'!R[33]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32.00308387874448}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,090.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":238.32370213350384}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">238.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-2]/100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":11}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">11</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LLO to HEEO</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(4125-100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4427.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4428</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="='Lander+CM'!R[30]C[-2]+'Lander+CM'!R[30]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">7.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":238.32370213350384}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">238.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.034344513116761455}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LEO to LLO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LEO to LLO</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(4125)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4537.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4538</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":692}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">692.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.418698612334026}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">63.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ceiling(R[0]C[-2]/100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">7</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to Reentry/Land"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LLO to Reentry/Land</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(1004)+725" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1829.4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1829</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">94.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrydrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.418698612334026}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">63.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.011313453144711438}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Note that there's plenty of mass for a generous CM and even a lander to send it to the surface from NRHO. But, because going to LLO takes so much more delta-v, the payload has to be smaller, which makes any CM and associated lander <i>tiny</i>.<br />
<h4>
Lander Architectures</h4>
Can Starship do anything to improve the 3-stage lander architecture that NASA is proposing? Well... sorta.<br />
<br />
The rationale for NASA's lander architecture is sound: by having 3 stages, each stage is small enough to be launched on a variety of commercial launchers, reducing the need for SLS Block 1B launches to NRHO. Based on an arm-wave for the sizes of the various stages, here's an example of something that would work:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="101"></col><col width="36"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="55"></col><col width="53"></col><col width="57"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="52"></col><col width="47"></col><col width="49"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="13" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA 3-Stage Lander Architecture Components"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA 3-Stage Lander Architecture Components</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Component</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Re- use"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Re- use</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Target Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Target Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Return Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Return Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Posi- tioning Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Posi- tioning Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Total Prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Total Prop</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Pay- load"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Pay- load</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10%"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10%</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v to Stack Point + 10%"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v to Stack Point + 10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Step Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Step Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stack Gross Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Stack Gross Mass</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Ascender</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[6]/R[0]C[5]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[4])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8.969428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[5]/R[0]C[3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8.969428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":305}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">305</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2600" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2860.0000000000005}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,860</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[1]-R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.069428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-10]+R[0]C[-6]+R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.569428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.6</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Lander</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.7</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[6]/R[0]C[5]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[4])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.06628720769033}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[5]/R[0]C[3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.14303305197795}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18.20932025966828}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">18.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.569428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2083" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2291.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2,291</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">471</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[1]-R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.909320259668277}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">19.9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-10]+R[0]C[-6]+R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34.47874854510114}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">34.5</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Tug</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[6]/R[0]C[5]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[4]+R[0]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8.777754600167357}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">8.8</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[5]/R[0]C[4]/9.807)-1)*R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.2928230558578104}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[5]/R[0]C[3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.070577656025169}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34.47874854510114}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">34.5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*730" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":803.0000000000001}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">803</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[1]-R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10.270577656025168}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-10]+R[0]C[-6]+R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44.74932620112631}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">44.7</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug for Refuel"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Tug for Refuel</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"no"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">no</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[7]/R[0]C[5]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[4]+R[0]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.0853882970288327}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[5]/R[0]C[3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.370195577831457}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4.45558387486029}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=max(R[-3]C[4],R[-1]C[6]+R[-3]C[-1],R[-1]C[6]+R[-1]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.069428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">14.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">471</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[1]-R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.655583874860289}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5.7</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-10]+R[0]C[-6]+R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.72501216029315}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">19.7</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The tug has two purposes:<br />
<ol>
<li>It ferries propellant from TLI to NRHO, to refuel either itself or the reusable crew ascender vehicle.</li>
<li>It acts are the first stage of the lander stack, taking the lander and ascender from NRHO to LLO, before returning empty to NRHO.</li>
</ol>
NASA expects the tug (aka the "transfer vehicle") to be reusable, and relies on two expendable "logistics resupply" flights to bring prop for both the transfer vehicle and the ascender. It makes more sense to me to send two tugs, one containing its own prop for the transfer to LLO, and the other to refuel the ascender. It saves having to develop two different stages.<br />
Once the ascender/lander stack has been left in LLO by the tug, the expendable lander takes the ascender to the lunar surface. Note that the lander is exactly 20 tonnes, the heaviest mass that an expendable Falcon Heavy (FHE) can take to TLI. Also note that it's a methalox stage, because it doesn't matter if the residual propellant boils off. It's staying behind on the surface.<br />
<br />
Finally, after the surface mission is over, the ascender goes straight back to NRHO to rendezvous with the crew's ride home. Note that the ascender stage uses storable prop, so boil-off doesn't affect mission life.<br />
<br />
Here's a sample mission using the NASA architecture. It uses SLS Block 1/Orion to send a crew to NRHO, refuels the reusable ascender and transfer stages (assumed to already be on-orbit), and flies out a new expendable lander, before transferring the crew and taking them to the surface and back.<br />
<br />
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<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="9" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA 3-Stage Lander Reference Architecture"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA 3-Stage Lander Example Mission</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload Description"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Payload Description</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Maneuver</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vehicle"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Vehicle</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10% (m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Delta-v + 10% (m/s)</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Isp</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Dry Mass</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Payload</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Start Prop Mass</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">End Prop Mass</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop for Ascender+Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Prop for Ascender+Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to TLI"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to TLI</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">New Glenn</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[1]C[-1]:R[1]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12.30845428426863}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">12.3</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"enough"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">enough</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop for Ascender+Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Prop for Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">TLI to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">471</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasaascenderprop+nasatugtankmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.629446632590682}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[-4]/R[0]C[-3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.479007651677949}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":-1.7763568394002505e-15}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop for Tug+Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Prop for Tug+Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to TLI"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to TLI</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">New Glenn</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[1]C[-1]:R[1]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12.423417905777342}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">12.4</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop for Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Prop for Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">TLI to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">471</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugprop+nasatugtankmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.730596003182988}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.7</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[-4]/R[0]C[-3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.4928219025943543}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":-1.7763568394002505e-15}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lander</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to TLI"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to TLI</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">FHE</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[1]C[-1]:R[1]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.90932025966828}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">19.9</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Empty"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Empty</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">TLI to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lander</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">471</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasalanderdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.7</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasalanderproptonrho" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18.20932025966828}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">18.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.81697786445859}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">15.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Propellant</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refuel Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Refuel Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":315}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">315</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasaascenderdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5.1</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[-2]-nasatugtankmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8.969428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.0</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Propellant</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refuel Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Refuel Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-4]C[-2]-nasatugtankmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.070577656025169}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.1</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"None"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">None</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Stack T+L+A"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Stack T+L+A</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[-1]:R[-2]C[0],R[-2]C[2])+sum(R[-3]C[-1]:R[-3]C[0],R[-3]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":31.586406149891452}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">31.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.070577656025169}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.1</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.070577656025172}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.1</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion+Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Orion+Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth HEEO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">SLS Block 1</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"enough"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">enough</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion+Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Orion+Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to TLI"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HEEO to TLI</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">SLS Block 1</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"empty"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">empty</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TLI to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">TLI to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Orion</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*428" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":470.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">471</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":316}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">316</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=round((10159+6185)/1000,1.1)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">16.3</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=round((15461-6185)/1000,1.1)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.3</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.621401535138826}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5.6</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Transfer in NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Transfer in NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":315}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">315</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.8</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">6.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.599999999999999}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">6.6</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+Ascender+Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+Ascender+Lander</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NRHO to LLO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">NRHO to LLO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*730" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":803.0000000000001}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">803</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[0]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[0]+R[-2]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32.08640614989145}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">32.1</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-6]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.070577656025169}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.1</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7620903330978166}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Empty"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Empty</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">LLO to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tug</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*730" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":803.0000000000001}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">803</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasatugdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.7620903330978166}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.37721867335738946}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.4</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to Surface"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">LLO to Surface</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lander</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2083" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2291.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2291</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasalanderdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.7}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1.7</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasaascenderdry+nasaascenderprop+R[-4]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14.569428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">14.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-10]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.81697786445859}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">15.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.9389175639099552}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.9</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Surface to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2600" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2860.0000000000005}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2860</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":315}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">315</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=nasaascenderdry" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5.1</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-4]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-10]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8.969428285432862}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.17258995102390795}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.2</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Transfer in NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Transfer in NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Orion</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-6]C[0]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":316}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">316</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-6]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">16.3</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-6]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-5]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.599999999999999}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">6.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.599999999999998}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">6.6</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NRHO to Earth"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">NRHO to Earth</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Orion</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*412" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":453.20000000000005}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">453</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":316}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">316</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">16.3</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6.599999999999998}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">6.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.4164345625008963}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.4</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Can Starship and the CM participate in this architecture? Or, better yet, can it improve on it without having Starship land on the surface and triggering a couple of the Six Scary Things?<br />
<br />
Starship can absolutely haul components and prop from LEO to NRHO. If it made any sense, Starship could probably also act as the transfer/tug stage, hauling the ascender and lander down to LLO. But the NASA architecture is sized the way it is to allow other commercial launchers the ability to get in on the action. If you change the size of the components to better utilize Starship, that goal goes out the window.<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, even if Starship can't land people on the surface because of Scary Things 3-5, is there a lander architecture that could take advantage of Starship but still be Less Scary? There the answer is yes.<br />
<br />
What if we take the CM and, instead of just using it as a living space on Starship, we stack it as the crew module for some kind of lunar ferry? Now we have the CM doing double duty: It could just be an Orion replacement to get crews to NRHO, but the <i>same module</i> could also be the crew cabin that takes people to the lunar surface. In other works, the crew would get on the CM in LEO, fly in Starship to NRHO, then the CM+Ferry--with the crew still on it--would be deployed from the payload bay to take the crew to the surface and bring them back up.<br />
<br />
Above, we discovered that getting 100 t from HEEO to NRHO and then some small amount of payload back to HEEO was doable. You may have wondered where that weird 13.2 t number for return mass came from. It turns out that it's the dry and crew mass of the following ferry system:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="90"></col><col width="33"></col><col width="43"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="63"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="52"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="8" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew Module and Ferry from NRHO to LS and Back"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew Module and Ferry from NRHO to LS and Back</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Component</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Re- use"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Re- use</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Step Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Step Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10%"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10%</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew Module"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Crew Module</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.5</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Ferry</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-formula="=((0.000781+0.000255)*((1000*(R[0]C[1]+R[0]C[2]+4))*1.62)+34.69*(R[0]C[1]*1000/1156)+3+800)/1000" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":86.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">86.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[-2]+R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":90.1699167989481}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">90.2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">300</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(2813+2600)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5954.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5,954</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Gross Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Gross Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-2]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.76991679894809}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">99.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><b>Return:</b></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13.2</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The payload to the lander is the mass of the CM and its payload (aka crew). The lander is intended to be reusable, and is returned to Earth after every mission.<br />
<br />
Since Starship can carry a full 100 t to NRHO and still get back to a powered HEEO insertion, this CM/Ferry combo is a perfectly good replacement for the NASA architecture. I don't think that that means that the NASA architecture goes away, but it does mean that this architecture is capable of supplanting it eventually, even if Starship can't be certified for surface landings.<br />
<br />
I've set the Isp on the lander to be quite low. Most MMH/NTO engines can get about 315 s. However, if SpaceX wanted to build their own lander (they might not), using a couple of SuperDraco engines would come out with about the right T/W for lunar landing (2 SuperDracos throttled to 20% has a T/W of 0.53). They'd have to be modified to be fully expanded, so the Isp is a guess, but 300 s is nice and conservative.<br />
<br />
It's an open question whether a CM dry mass of 9.1 tonnes is adequate to a crew of 4 on a two-week mission. Remember, this isn't just a way to get to and from the lunar surface; it's mostly to support the crew for the trip to and from NRHO, which takes 10 days total, on opt of the 2 days to get from NRHO to the surface and back. On the one hand, the CM's a bit smaller than a D2 (9.5 t) and an Orion CM (10.4 t). On the other hand, it doesn't need a heat shield, and it has zero need for resistance to dynamic pressure. My guess is that it'll turn out to be a bit more spacious than either the D2 or Orion, with plenty of budget for consumables.<br />
<br />
Here's a full-up crew mission to the lunar surface, using F9/D2, Starship, and our lander+CM:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="134"></col><col width="102"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="48"></col><col width="32"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="51"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="44"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="9" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship to NRHO with Reusable MMH/NTO Ferry and Crew Module"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship to NRHO with Reusable MMH/NTO Ferry and Crew Module</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload Description"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload Description</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vehicle"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Vehicle</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10% (m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10% (m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Start Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">End Prop Mass</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"CM+Ferry+prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">CM+Ferry+prop</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to HEEO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">SH/Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sscmmass+ssferrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.26991679894809}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">99.3</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1,090.2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">43.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"CM+Ferry+prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">CM+Ferry+prop</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LEO to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">LEO to HEEO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":110}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">110</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R15C7" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.26991679894809}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">99.3</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">43.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36.79051766179316}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">36.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Methalox Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Methalox Propellant</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refuel"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Refuel</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="color: red; font-size: xx-small;">1053.4</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1090.2-R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1053.409482338207}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">36.8</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1,090.2</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to HEEO/Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to HEEO/Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">F9/D2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"plenty"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">plenty</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+CM+Ferry+prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+CM+Ferry+prop</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HEEO to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*3614-R[-3]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3865.4000000000005}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3865</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R15C7+R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.76991679894809}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">99.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-2]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1,090.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":254.5438171504111}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">254.5</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+CM</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NRHO to Surface"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">NRHO to Surface</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ferry</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2813" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3094.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3094</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">300</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrydrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sscmmass+R18C7" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrypropmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":86.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">86.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21.68293438089325}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">21.7</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+CM</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface to NRHO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Surface to NRHO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ferry</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2600" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2860.0000000000005}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2860</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">300</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">9.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21.68293438089325}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">21.7</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.014560620215961606}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew+CM+Ferry(Dry)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew+CM+Ferry(Dry)</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NRHO to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">NRHO to HEEO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*3432-R[-6]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3665.2000000000003}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3665</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-2]C[-1]+R[-2]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13.169916798948098}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">13.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-3]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":254.5438171504111}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">254.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25.842761589652934}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">25.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Crew"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Crew</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to Earth"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HEEO to Earth</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"D2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">D2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.5</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"enough"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">enough</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"CM+Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">CM+Ascender</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to Earth"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HEEO to Earth</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":725}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">725</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":356}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">356</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-2]C[0]-R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12.669916798948098}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">12.7</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-2]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25.842761589652934}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">25.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.8444519180817132}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"This takes 11 refueling flights"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">This takes 11 refueling flights</span></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
It seems to work!<br />
<br />
Another obvious question to ask: How would this ferry do as a cargo lander? We've previously assumed that NASA would grumble about Scary Things 3-5 for cargo, but ultimately allow things to be delivered directly to the surface, as long as the things weren't human. But that assumption might not be right. After all, the equipment we need to land on the surface will be insanely expensive, so reducing risk to it is pretty important. Maybe NASA would be OK launching it in Starship, but not landing it. (Note that NASA doesn't care about the reentry, because the mission of delivering it will have been accomplished.)<br />
<br />
For this mission, we can deploy the same ferry in LLO. It doesn't need as much prop, so it can carry more cargo. Here's what we get:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="90"></col><col width="33"></col><col width="43"></col><col width="41"></col><col width="63"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="52"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="8" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo and Ferry from LLO to LS and Back"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cargo and Ferry from LLO to LS and Back</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Component</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Re- use"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Re- use</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Step Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Step Mass</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10%"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10%</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">19.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.0</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Ferry</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"yes"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">yes</td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrydrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.6</td><td data-sheets-formula="=(exp(R[0]C[4]/R[0]C[3]/9.807)-1)*(R[0]C[-1]+R[0]C[1])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":77.05303624608874}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">77.1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[-2]+R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">19.2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[0]C[-3]:R[0]C[-2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80.62295304503684}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">80.6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">300</td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(2083+1870)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4348.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4,348</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Gross Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Gross Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-2]C[0]:R[-2]C[2])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.82295304503684}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">99.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
We can get away with the LLO mission because we can launch and reenter directly. Here's what the mission looks like:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="134"></col><col width="102"></col><col width="69"></col><col width="48"></col><col width="32"></col><col width="37"></col><col width="51"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="44"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="9" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship to NRHO with Reusable MMH/NTO Ferry and Crew Module"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship to NRHO with Reusable MMH/NTO Ferry and Crew Module</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload Description"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload Description</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Maneuver"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Maneuver</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vehicle"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Vehicle</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v + 10% (m/s)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v + 10% (m/s)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Isp"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Isp</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Dry Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Dry Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Payload</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Start Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Start Prop Mass</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"End Prop Mass"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">End Prop Mass</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo+Ferry+Prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Cargo+Ferry+Prop</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Earth to HEEO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Earth to HEEO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">SH/Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">99.8</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1090.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1,090.2</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">43.8</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Methalox Propellant"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Methalox Propellant</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refuel"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Refuel</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":621.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">621.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">43.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":665.5999999999999}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">665.6</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo+Ferry+Prop"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Cargo+Ferry+Prop</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"HEEO to LLO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">HEEO to LLO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(4125-100)" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4427.5}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">4428</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R55C7" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":99.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">99.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":665.5999999999999}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">665.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.478278919981236}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">63.5</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Cargo</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to Surface"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">LLO to Surface</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ferry</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*2813" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3094.3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3094</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">300</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrydrymass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrycargo" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19.2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">19.2</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=ssferrypropmass" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":86.6}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">86.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.436524140827817}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">15.4</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Nothing"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nothing</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface to LLO"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Surface to LLO</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ferry</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*1870" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2057}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2057</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">300</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[0]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.6</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15.436524140827817}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">15.4</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5.876329588646866}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">5.9</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Ferry (Dry)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ferry (Dry)</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LLO to Reentry and Landing"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">LLO to Reentry and Landing</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Starship</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=1.1*(1004)+725" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1829.4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1829</span></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">375</span></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":94.8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">94.8</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-1]C[-1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.569916798948097}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">3.6</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[-3]C[1]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":63.478278919981236}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">63.5</span></td><td data-sheets-formula="=exp(-R[0]C[-5]/R[0]C[-4]/9.807)*(R[0]C[-3]+R[0]C[-2]+R[0]C[-1])-R[0]C[-3]-R[0]C[-2]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.04754334453866971}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">0.0</span></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"This takes 7 refueling flights"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">This takes 7 refueling flights</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
This is dramatically less cargo than a full-up Starship landing could provide, but two things to note:<br />
<ol>
<li>It's also dramatically fewer refueling launches than a full-up Starship launch.</li>
<li>19.2 tonnes of stuff is <i>a lot</i>, especially since NASA is going to be sizing the surface architecture to land with the 3-stage architecture. Note that if you swapped the 14.6 tonnes of ascender for cargo, this architecture comes out slightly better, but not enough to get everybody's panties in a twist.</li>
</ol>
<h4>
How Much Does Refueling Cost?</h4>
If we assume that each Starship tanker launch can get exactly about 100 t to HEEO, it'll take 10-11 launches to get the Starship completely full before heading to cis-lunar space. However, this is a bit of a tricky computation to make. If you had 100 t of prop and tanks in the Starship payload bay, you'd have to subtract the mass of the tanks from the total prop delivered. However, if we just launch the Starship with no payload, we actually don't wind up with 100 t of prop left. It's peskily non-linear, both in terms of the mass ratio (0 payload has less delta-v than 100 t payload) and in terms of the prop that needs to be reserved for SuperHeavy to return to the launch site (lighter gross weight means more prop needs to be reserved to kill the launch speed after staging). This remains an open question--and probably a moot one, given the number of assumptions we've baked in as the design has changed.<br />
<h4>
SpaceX Scheduling Issues</h4>
How confident should be we that SH/SS will be ready in about the time that Elon has been arm-waving? He is famously optimistic, so early 2021 seems unlikely. But I have a pretty good idea that Starship will be ready by mid 2022. If it goes much later than this, SpaceX won't have the launch capacity <a href="https://radical-moderation.blogspot.com/2018/12/some-thoughts-about-starlink.html">to deploy the Starlink constellation in time to meet its FCC deadlines</a>. So they're going to be highly motivated to deploy on time.<br />
<br />
Above, we assumed that the CM could be ready within 2 years of first cargo deployment. That would bring us to mid-2024--about the same time that the first mission to NRHO is scheduled for SLS/Orion. However, this will be heavily dependent on SpaceX's capital and cash flow situation by then. Starlink could easily soak up all SH/SS launch capacity--and a lot of SpaceX's R&D capability--for a couple of years. To be conservative, let's push the CM availability to mid-2025.<br />
<br />
I have no clue whether the ferry is a viable strategy or not. It subsumes the entire 3-stage architecture. That sounds like a slam-dunk advantage, but it's not. Anything that drives the architecture toward a single source will be viewed as a threat. If I had to guess, there will be no financial support for a reusable ferry from SpaceX.<br />
<br />
It's entirely possible that SpaceX would pass on this. They would much rather work on burning down the Six Scary Things, because achieving that goal gives them a position of complete dominance in the cis-lunar market. SpaceX may be perfectly happy to let the other vendors go after the 3-stage architecture, confident that it's ultimately a blind alley.<br />
<br />
However, a reusable ferry operating from LLO would make a mighty nice project for a third party. If it happens, I'd guess that it would take another 2 years beyond the CM, which would take to to 2027.<br />
<br />
If SpaceX passes on the ferry, then getting crewed landing and takeoff from the surface are next on the agenda. That will start with <i>cargo </i>landing, offloading, and takeoff from the surface, along with direct reentry and landing. That's likely a risky set of missions, and likely to incur some failures. If work on this starts right after the Starlink frenzy dies down (call it 2025), it's likely a 1-2 years before NASA will give them real payloads to land. Call it mid-2026.<br />
<br />
Finally, SpaceX should have the Six Scary Things Resolved by 2029. NASA crewed missions to the surface using Starship can commence.<br />
<h4>
NASA Scheduling, Budget, and Putting It All Together</h4>
<div>
Meanwhile, the NASA lunar architecture is basically a bolt-on to the SLS, Orion, and LOP-G programs. It's an encouraging step because it really doesn't <i>rely</i> on SLS, Orion, or LOP-G, which means that it can continue even if those programs are drastically scaled-back or even cancelled. But that's not to say that priorities and budget of the offending programs has been reallocated or even reduced.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I'm pretty sure that the lander architecture is actually the first substantive salvo in a war to scale back SLS and LOP-G, but we should look at what the plan is today, and how much it'll cost.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The non-TL;DR version goes something like this:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Do automated scouting and science missions to the lunar surface ASAP, using commercial launchers and landers. (2019 - indefinite.)</li>
<li>Get Block 1 SLS/Orion up and running. (2019-2022)</li>
<li>Get Block 1B SLS/Orion up and running and start to build LOP-G (2024-2027)</li>
<li>Build and test 3-stage lander architecture. (2020-2026)</li>
<li>Presumably land some cargo on the Moon. (Not scheduled!)</li>
<li>Land a crew on the Moon. (2028)</li>
<li>???</li>
</ol>
We haven't talked at all about equipment needed for the lunar surface, mostly because there isn't a prayer of any substantial budget to build it. Right now, that "???" is a placeholder for yet another unsustainable set of lunar landings, followed by... nothing.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But let's get a baseline of what the current plan will cost in some detail.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
First, we have to assign costs to the various components of the NASA mission, so we can compare them to those of a replacement of some of them with Starship-based components. Costing is always a black hole, but these come out <i>reasonably </i>well.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Some notes:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>SLS and Orion costs are derived by taking the current NASA budget for human deep space exploration, extrapolating it out to 2028, and then dividing by the number of missions in the current plan.</li>
<li>LOP-G component costs are derived sorta-kinda the same way.</li>
<li>I'm going with $20M per launch for SH/SS. That seems conservative.</li>
<li>I'm close to clueless on the lunar surface components. At the absolute minimum, we need a surface habitat and a power system. I have other stuff listed here, but it's outside the 2028 window.</li>
</ol>
Here are the launch costs:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="167"></col><col width="71"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Component</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost Per Use ($M)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cost Per Use ($M)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Atlas"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Atlas</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":220}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">220</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH2R"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH2R</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH3R"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">FH3R</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":120}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">120</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vulcan Heavy"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Vulcan Heavy</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-4]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Good data, educated guess, sheer wild-ass guess"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">Good data</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="color: #04b809; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">educated guess</span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8pt;">sheer wild-ass guess</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Here are the payload component costs:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="167"></col><col width="71"></col><col width="68"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Component"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Component</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Number of Uses"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Number of Uses</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost Per Use ($M)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cost Per Use ($M)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SS CM</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS Ferry"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SS Ferry</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SS Ascender</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">8</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">SS Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: #04b809; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Ascender</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refueling Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Refueling Payload</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Lunar Scout"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Lunar Scout</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: blue; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP PPE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP PPE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Esprit"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Esprit</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP US Util Mod"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP US Util Mod</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Node/Airlock"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Node/Airlock</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP International Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP International Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP US Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP US Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Airlock"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Airlock</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Docking Node"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Docking Node</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Power"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Power</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":50}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">50</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":133.33333333333334}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">133</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Regolith Mover"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Regolith Mover</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Water Miner"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Water Miner</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">300</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Hydrolox"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Hydrolox</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">300</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Resupply"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Resupply</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-7]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Random Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">Random Payload</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-6]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; color: red; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=R[0]C[-5]" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Now we get to pricing out missions in the architecture. Here's the strategy</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The "NASA" side of the chart below includes planned missions, using SLS Block 1B co-manifesting and cargo as planned, with the full-up LOP-G architecture. There's a <i>little </i>bit of guesswork here, but I've stuck as close as possible to what NASA has published.</div>
<div>
The "Starship" side assumes that we do the following:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Never develop SLS Block 1B.</li>
<li>Use Block 1/Orion to transport crews only until the Starship/CM system is available.</li>
<li>We continue to build the 3-stage lander architecture, and we continue to use as many commercial vendors as possible.</li>
<li>Trim LOP-G down somewhat, but basically keep it. (I want this to be as apples-to-apples as possible. We can fight the LOP-G budget battle for another day, and the 3-stage architecture actually needs at least a small LOP to help with stacking and refueling.)</li>
<li>We phase in Starship lunar cargo landings late in the process, and use it to deliver the hab and power modules.</li>
<li>This assumes that crewed Starship missions to the lunar surface occur outside of this time frame. My guess is that they could happen by 2029 or so, which might make the whole 3-stage lunar architecture a hideous waste. I don't see a way around this, either from a rational NASA risk reduction standpoint or from the much more important political standpoint. We'll see.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
Neither side includes robotic exploration missions. Those come out of a different pot of money and presumably occur in the next 2-4 years, so it's unlikely that the plan--such as it is--will change very much.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Here we go:</div>
<div>
<style type="text/css"><!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}</style></div>
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="38"></col><col width="117"></col><col width="79"></col><col width="48"></col><col width="38"></col><col width="117"></col><col width="79"></col><col width="39"></col><col width="59"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="4" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Plan of Record"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Plan of Record</td><td colspan="5" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship Crew to NRHO ASAP, Some Lunar Surface Cargo"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship Crew to NRHO ASAP, Some Lunar Surface Cargo</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Year"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Year</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Mission</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Components"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Components</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost ($M)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cost ($M)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Year"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Year</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Mission"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Mission</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starship Alternative Components"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starship Alternative Components</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Num Need- ed"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Num Need- ed</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cost ($M)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cost ($M)</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2020}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2020</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-1 Orion Unmanned Test Flight"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-1 Orion Unmanned Test Flight</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2020}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2020</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-1 Orion Unmanned Test Flight"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-1 Orion Unmanned Test Flight</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2022}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2022</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-2 Orion Crewed Test Flight in Lunar Free-Return Trajectory"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-2 Orion Crewed Test Flight in Lunar Free-Return Trajectory</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2022}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2022</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-2 Orion Crewed Test Flight in Lunar Free-Return Trajectory"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-2 Orion Crewed Test Flight in Lunar Free-Return Trajectory</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2023}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2023</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PPE launch for LOP-G"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PPE launch for LOP-G</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Atlas"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Atlas</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":220}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">220</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2023}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2023</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"PPE launch for LOP-G"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">PPE launch for LOP-G</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Atlas"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Atlas</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":220}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">220</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP PPE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP PPE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP PPE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP PPE</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2024}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2024</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-3 First LOP-G Crewed Mission"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-3 First LOP-G Crewed Mission</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2024}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2024</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-3 First LOP-G Crewed Mission"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-3 First LOP-G Crewed Mission</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP ESPRIT"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP ESPRIT</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP US Util Mod"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP US Util Mod</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP ESPRIT"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP ESPRIT</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP US Util Mod"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP US Util Mod</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Random Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Random Payload</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Random Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Random Payload</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2025}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2025</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-4 Deliver International Hab Module"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-4 Deliver International Hab Module</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2025}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2025</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS Crew Test and Deliver International Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS Crew Test and Deliver International Hab</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS CM</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP International Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP International Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP International Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP International Hab</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2025}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2025</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-5 Deliver US Hab Module"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-5 Deliver US Hab Module</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2025}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2025</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Finish LOP-G"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Finish LOP-G</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Docking Node"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Docking Node</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP US Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP US Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2026}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2026</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-6 3-Stage Lander Uncrewed Test Mission (Crew on LOP-G)"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-6 3-Stage Lander Uncrewed Test Mission (Crew on LOP-G)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2026}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2026</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS-Assisted 3-Stage Lander Uncrewed Test"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS-Assisted 3-Stage Lander Uncrewed Test</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS CM</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Ascender</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Ascender"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Ascender</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2027}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2027</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo Pre-Positioning?"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cargo Pre-Positioning?</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2027}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2027</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS Landing Test"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS Landing Test</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":300}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">300</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Random Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Random Payload</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Hab</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":133.33333333333334}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">133</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2027}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2027</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Cargo Pre-Positioning"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Cargo Pre-Positioning</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":260}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">260</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Hab"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Hab</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":133.33333333333334}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">133</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Power"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Power</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":50}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">50</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Surface Power"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Surface Power</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":50}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">50</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2028}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2028</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"EM-8 Crewed Mission to Lunar Surface"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">EM-8 Crewed Mission to Lunar Surface</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLS Block 1B"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLS Block 1B</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2290}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2290</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2028}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2028</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS-Assisted Crewed Mission to Lunar Surface"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS-Assisted Crewed Mission to Lunar Surface</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SH/SS"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SH/SS</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orion"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orion</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1560}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,560</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SS CM"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SS CM</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LOP Airlock"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LOP Airlock</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":514}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">514</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vulcan Heavy"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Vulcan Heavy</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Vulcan Heavy"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Vulcan Heavy</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":150}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">150</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refueling Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Refueling Payload</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refueling Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Refueling Payload</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":80}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">80</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Tug"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Tug</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Refueling Payload"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Refueling Payload</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FHE"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FHE</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":180}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">180</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"NASA Lander"}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">NASA Lander</td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-1],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory)))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":200}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">200</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=if(isblank(R[0]C[-2]),"",index(components,match(R[0]C[-2],componentnames,0),match("Cost Per Use ($M)",componentcategory))*if(isblank(R[0]C[-1]),1,R[0]C[-1]))" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":""}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td colspan="2" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"TOTAL:"}" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">TOTAL:</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-47]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34977.33333333333}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; border-right: 3px double #000000; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">34,977</td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="background-color: #fffbfb; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-formula="=sum(R[-47]C[0]:R[-1]C[0])" data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":16809.333333333336}" style="background-color: #fffbfb; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">16,809</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
If you add up the HEOMD deep space exploration budget, it comes out to about $37.1B through 2028, so the $34.9B doesn't match perfectly, but seems kinda in the right ballpark, once you account for the Second Law of Thermodynamics as applied to large sums of government money. Close, as they say, for government work.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But the big, big, <i>big</i> result is that, even with all of the 3-stage nonsense, and most of the LOP-G nonsense, this shows that replaceing SLS/Orion with Starship/CM, and adding just a little bit of Starship direct lunar cargo landing, <i style="font-weight: bold;">cuts the cost of the architecture in half</i>. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Let me repeat that: <b><i>IN HALF!!!!</i></b></div>
<div>
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div>
Note that we've done something as conservative as possible with Starship, namely jam a habitable tuna can into its payload bay and use it as a glorified tug between LEO and NRHO. We're sticking as closely to the NASA architecture as possible.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
And we still cut the cost in half.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I can't even imagine the things we could do with an extra $17B over the next 10 years. But here are some fairly mundane suggestions:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Accelerate the whole project. Seems like we can lop off 2-3 years from the 3-stage lander architecture. I'd like astronauts prancing around on the lunar surface in 2026 much more than the faint possibility of 2028. (I'm getting old; I want to jump up and cheer those guys without breaking a hip.)</li>
<li>Build the lunar base up quickly, and go for the ISRU lunar water operation as soon as possible.</li>
<li>Maybe we can spend a fair amount of money getting ready for Mars.</li>
</ol>
I hope I've conveyed just how skeptical you should be of going whole-hog into a lunar architecture that consists of only Starship. But even with that skepticism, if SpaceX comes in even vaguely on time and vaguely in the right cost per launch, this is revolutionary.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
As always, the fly in the congressional ointment is trimming back SLS and Orion. But all we really have to do is to hold off a couple years on the Block 1B work and the rest pretty much takes care of itself.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This all seems like very good news.</div>
TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-73370840338905049712018-12-12T00:27:00.002-06:002018-12-22T23:59:16.952-06:00Some Thoughts About StarlinkElon Musk is well-known for producing highly optimistic schedules. That's a common problem with engineers, and we all eventually learn a particular engineer's "personal multiplier": they give you a schedule, you multiply its length by their multiplier, and that's what you write down in the official schedule. Musk, being the chief engineer of his companies, doesn't have a manager to apply his own personal multiplier, so his schedules are usually pretty optimistic.<br />
<br />
But, in addition to ol' Elon not having somebody to reign in his boundless enthusiasm, his schedules have real, sometimes catastrophic, impact on his companies. He's already endured two near-death experiences in his storied career as an industrialist: the first Falcon 1 flight test campaign, where the last launch would have bankrupted SpaceX had it failed, and the ramp up to Tesla Model 3 production.<br />
<br />
I think Starlink is going to be his third.<br />
<h4>
Some Background</h4>
First, what the hell is a Starlink?<br />
<br />
SpaceX has so far made its money off of manufacturing and launching payloads from Earth's surface to orbit. By dint of making the first stages of their Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launchers reusable, they've dramatically dropped the cost of getting stuff to orbit.<br />
<br />
While this "launch services" business is quite successful, the actual number of launches is still fairly modest: SpaceX will wind up doing 20 or 21 launches in 2018. I've estimated that, as the F9 Block 5 gets rolled out, with target reusability of 10 launches per core, SpaceX may make as much as $37.6M per reusable F9 launch, and up to $76.9M for each reusable FH launch. On top of that, they charge extra for certain types of payload services for NASA and the military, so they could easily be bringing in $1B a year off of launch operations.<br />
<br />
But SpaceX has huge R&D and capital expenses. They're busy developing the "Big Falcon Rocket" and its associated "Big Falcon Spaceship" (which have just been renamed to "SuperHeavy" and "Starship", which I hate, so we're sticking with BFR and BFS for this post). This is SpaceX's Mars-class launcher, and, if it works, it will completely revolutionize the launch business by being fully reusable, capable of lifting up to 100 tonnes to low earth orbit, and being able to rendezvous, dock, and transfer fuel from one BFS to another. Taking these features together, BFR/BFS may be able to deliver cargo to the lunar surface for about $1000 per kg. That sounds like a lot--until you realize that the next cheapest platform, the FH, will cost something like $12,000/kg.<br />
<br />
<i>[<b>Update, 12/22/18: </b> John Bucknell in the comments points out that my math on the cost/kg for BFR and FH is hinky, and he's right--if we assume a reusable BFR/BFS that has to get to the lunar surface and back with no refueling on the surface. But, if you were to deploy a Zubrin Moon Direct-style expendable lander from the BFS in LEO, it comes in at only about $250/kg. See the comments for more details. This needs more work.]</i><br />
<br />
But BFR/BFS isn't going to be cheap to develop. Musk has stated publicly that he expects the BFR/BFS system to cost in the neighborhood of $5B to develop. That's a tough ask on $1B a year in operating profit.<br />
<br />
So SpaceX has decided to become a provider of satellite internet services. Enter Starlink.<br />
<br />
Anybody who's used satellite internet today cordially hates it. That's due in no small part to the delay: When your satellite is in geostationary earth orbit, 35,800 km about the equator, the speed of light dictates that the time for a packet to get from you to a server and back is close to half a second. Satellites in GEO make for cheap antennas because they don't have to track the satellite, but they provide a horrible user experience.<br />
<br />
Starlink is a constellation of thousands (<i>thousands!</i> but we'll get to that) of satellites in LEO, between 340 and 1300 km in altitude. That makes the antennas to communicate with the satellites more complicated, but the round-trip time is well below 30 ms. That's actually quite a bit faster than terrestrial internet, where the round-trip time is dominated by electrical cables, routers, and fiber-optic repeaters. There are plenty of people who will pay big money to shave a few milliseconds off their round-trip time, especially financial companies, where an edge of a few milliseconds can be worth millions of dollars a day.<br />
<br />
On top of that, the entire world is a market for Starlink. A village in the middle of nowhere can plunk down one Starlink antenna and a wifi network and get vastly better service than the cellular network.<br />
<br />
There's reason to think that Starlink can generated multiple billions of dollars in revenue in fairly short order. It would rapidly eclipse launch services as the principal source of revenue for SpaceX.<br />
<br />
But we're talking about a lot of satellites here, and those satellites need to be licensed by the FCC and other government organizations to reserve the electromagnetic spectrum to operate.<br />
<br />
Here's where we should probably stop for a moment and consider the size of the constellation that SpaceX is proposing. In its first phase, SpaceX has a license to launch 4409 satellites. In the second phase, they plan to launch 7518 satellites.<br />
<br />
SpaceX wants to build, launch, and operate 11,927 satellites.<br />
<br />
But wait! There's more! FCC rules require that licensees be able to bring half of their constellation online within six years of licensing, and the whole thing within nine years. If they don't, the constellation gets frozen at whatever has been deployed, and the rest of the license is revoked. It's a reasonable rule: It prevents people from buying up satellite spectrum and warehousing it for future use.<br />
<br />
But the six-year deadline for SpaceX's phase 1 (half of 4409 is 2205 satellites) is March 31, 2024. And the deadline for phase 2 (3759 birds) is in early November, 2024.<br />
<br />
And those dates are where Elon's boundless enthusiasm and optimistic personal multiplier almost certainly guarantee him another near-death experience.<br />
<h4>
Building the Starlink Satellites</h4>
We're talking about an unprecedented number of satellites here. We're also talking about a suite of technologies that aren't very mature, and which have to work at high scale for the Starlink system to be successful.<br />
<br />
There are three biggies here:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Satellite-to-satellite communications links, where the birds are constantly moving with respect to one another. This is key to Starlink's ability to route packets from the ground at one point, to a satellite near the destination, and back to the ground at the destination.</li>
<li>The actual satellites have to be dirt-cheap, but also reliable enough to accomplish the mission. A small dollop of good news here: SpaceX is intentionally limiting the life of the birds, so the usual 15-20 year design life used for GEO satellites isn't a requirement. They'd probably be happy with 3 years. That makes things a lot easier. Still, considering the sheer number of satellites, SpaceX must be planning on building them more-or-less continuously, forever. By the time they get the constellation fully deployed, the earliest birds launch will be aging out, requiring replacement.</li>
<li>Relatively cheap flat panel antennas for the user ground stations, which have to be able to use phased array technology to track the Starlink birds as they're passing overhead. Unlike, regular GEO satellites, these puppies don't stay fixed in one place in the sky.</li>
</ol>
SpaceX reportedly has just fired a bunch of people in their Redmond, WA group, which is in charge of the design and manufacturing of the Starlink. Rumor was that the management of the team was resisting launch sometime next year. That's not a super-good sign, but it does at least show and awareness that time is short.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Beyond this, I can't really say how they're going to manufacture enough birds, with enough reliability, to make things work. But this is exactly the kind of problem that Elon and his engineers (at both SpaceX and Tesla) have proven that they're very good at solving. Beyond that, I'm simply going to assume that the manufacturing isn't a gating item.<br />
<h4>
Some Assumptions</h4>
The rest of this post is going to examine whether there's a prayer of launching almost 6000 satellites by 2024, so this is a good time to stop reading if you're not interested in the numbers.<br />
<br />
As I walk through this, I'm going to make some assumptions:<br />
<ol>
<li>SpaceX will launch its birds on its own launchers, at their cost.</li>
<li>They'll make full use of both the F9 and FH, but only in reusable configurations. (That last puts some limits on how big the payload can be.)</li>
<li>The current SpaceX fairing, common between the F9 and the FH, is fairly small: 11 x 4.6 m, with a volume of about 145 m³. I expect SpaceX to come out with a stretched version of that fairing for the FH. There's a military standard, EELV Category C, which mandates a fairing that's 16 x 4.6 m, which comes out to about 228 m³. That's what I've assumed for an FH fairing in all of the stuff below.</li>
<li>SpaceX still has to satisfy their paying customers, so I'll assume that paying customers always get priority over Starlink launches.</li>
<li>SpaceX is not the only launch service provider. ULA, Blue Origin, and possibly Northrop-Grumman will all have offering in the next 6 years. I'm assuming that whatever their (fairly modest but non-trivial) demands are on the range facilities of both Cape Canaveral (the Eastern Range) and Vandenberg (the Western Range), these companies will get what they need.</li>
<li>I'm also assuming that SpaceX will eventually launch BFRs from a third range, based in Boca Chica, Texas, down by the Texas/Mexico border, just south of South Padre Island. SpaceX will have full use of that facility, but there are going to be some issues with the rate at which they can do launches without annoying the environmentalists, the maritime industry, the airlines, and the residents and vacationers on South Padre.</li>
</ol>
<h4>
How Big Is a Starlink, and How Many Can You Stick In a Fairing?</h4>
The FCC applications describe a Starlink weighing 386 kg at disposal time (which is after all the propellant has been burned), and being 4 m long x 1.8 m wide x 1.2 m deep, without its solar panels, but presumably with its antennae deployed. You have to make some educated guesses about what this means at launch time. I'm going to assume four very important things here:<br />
<ol>
<li>The "wet mass" (with propellant) of the Starlink bird will be 500 kg.</li>
<li>The stowed configuration of the Starlink has the antennae folded across the body of the satellite. That should make the stowed configuration 1.33 m x 1.8 x 1.2 m.</li>
<li>The birds will actually be trapezoidal prisms, with the 1.8 m with being the base of the trapezoid. This is pretty standard for small satellites, which cluster in rows around a central "dispenser" cylinder, which is responsible for deploying them into space from the launcher.</li>
<li>I'm going to assume that the mass of the dispenser comes to 75 kg per satellite.</li>
</ol>
With those assumptions, I figured out how many birds each of the three fairings (current F9, Category C EELV for FH, and BFR) could hold. That puts an upper limit on how many can be launched. This was done using the very scientific method of making little satellite models in Powerpoint and seeing how many I could stack into the various fairings. Here's an example, so you can share my pain:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf0NKABMvmmBZCc-QixY3EZtghuO9sefVcpRwjitkj0sUY9N6E67EUcEEQVwtn2tT2MZtkFgeW5297C_-XEx8CGQpZKppLSJvGUHeB4fI4ecjbtCEoViR11YuNJHhPulmkfMj6tRNvr1Fn/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-12-11+at+4.51.48+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="490" data-original-width="673" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf0NKABMvmmBZCc-QixY3EZtghuO9sefVcpRwjitkj0sUY9N6E67EUcEEQVwtn2tT2MZtkFgeW5297C_-XEx8CGQpZKppLSJvGUHeB4fI4ecjbtCEoViR11YuNJHhPulmkfMj6tRNvr1Fn/s320/Screen+Shot+2018-12-11+at+4.51.48+PM.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
When I totted up all the various options:, I got the following table:<br />
<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="192"></col><col width="79"></col><col width="63"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="77"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starlnks Per Fairing"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starlnks Per Fairing</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starlink Length"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Starlink Length</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Birds</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Assuming 2.0 m long birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Assuming 2.0 m long birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":42}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">42</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":232}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">232</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Assuming 1.3 m long birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Assuming 1.3 m long birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.33}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.33</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":39}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">39</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":344}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">344</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Assuming 1.0 m long birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Assuming 1.0 m long birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":51}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">51</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":77}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">77</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":500}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">500</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Note that we're going to be assuming the 1.33 m length below. If the launch configuration comes out to 2 m, things are even harder than the very hard schedule we'll see below.<br />
<h4>
The Orbits</h4>
The Starlink constellation is organized into a set of "orbital planes". Each plane contains a certain number of satellites, spaced an equal angular distance apart. Each plane is inclined to the equator by a certain angle. Finally, each plane has a specific altitude above the Earth.<br />
<br />
Here's an example: There's a set of orbital planes that are 550 km altitude x 53° inclination. Each plane has 66 satellites in it, which means that they're spaced 5.45° apart as they orbit the earth. But there are 24 of these planes, which means that each plane is spaced 15° apart along the equator.<br />
<br />
All spaceflight is done in terms of the "delta-v" budget, which is simply the amount of change in velocity you need to accomplish the mission. Most SpaceX flights take 9200 m/s of delta-v to reach a minimum orbit. That orbit is usually 200 km x 28.6°, which is the latitude of Cape Canaveral, the easiest inclination to get to.<br />
<br />
I've taken a swipe at computing how much delta-v each of the orbits in the Starlink constellation will take, using an approximation. To the 9200 m/s for the standard orbit, I add the difference in orbital speed between the 200 km orbit (7788 m/s) and the altitude of the target orbit. This is probably a bit conservative, but it's hard to do this stuff without actually simulating the launch, which I'm not willing to do for all the configurations we have here. Then, to get an idea of the delta-v needed to go to a higher inclination, I take the difference in the earth's rotational speed at Canaveral (408 m/s) and the rotational speed we'd have if we launched at the same latitude as the target orbit. Again, this is only approximate.<br />
<br />
In addition to the set of orbits, we need to know the delta-v required, and what the maximum payload is for each of the launchers in reusable mode. Finally, once we know that, we can compute the number of Starlinks we can fly, limited by the volume restrictions if necessary.<br />
<br />
Here's the full set of orbits for the satellites:<br />
<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="114"></col><col width="70"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="75"></col><col width="57"></col><col width="71"></col><col width="45"></col><col width="49"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v Canaveral"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v Canaveral</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Payload"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Payload</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Payload"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Payload</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Phase"}" style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Phase</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Satellites in Orbit"}" style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Satellites in Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Birds</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Birds</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9527}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,527</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17600}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">17,600</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">36,000</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1584}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1584</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9822}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,822</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30800}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">30,800</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1600}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1600</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">27</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":53}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">53</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9978}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,978</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":29000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">29,000</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":400}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">400</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":50}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">50</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10103}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,103</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,000</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27600}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">27,600</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":375}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">375</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":24}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">24</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":48}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">48</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10040}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,040</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14300}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,300</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":28200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">28,200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":450}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">450</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":24}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">24</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":49}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">49</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9413}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,413</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18400}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">18,400</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">36,200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Arial; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2547}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2547</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9379}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,379</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">18,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">36,700</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Arial; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2478}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2478</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42° orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9341}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,341</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">19,000</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":37200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">37,200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Arial; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2493}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2493</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":33}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">33</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Note that the very high inclinations will probably be launched from Vandenberg. I should have re-biased them for the different launch latitude, but it was too much work. It's close enough.<br />
<br />
The number of satellites per launch isn't anything close to generating an integral multiple of the orbital plane. This would appear to be bad news, because you can't just launch a rocket to one plane, then flit to another one without spending a lot of delta-v.<br />
<br />
But there is a trick that allows you to deploy the satellites, then let them hop for free to different planes, as long as the planes are at the same inclination. Because Earth isn't perfectly spherical, the bulge at the equator has the effect of causing an orbit to "precess", drifting slowly to the west each orbit. The lower the orbit, the more precession there is.<br />
<br />
To get your satellites to take advantage of this, you deploy them a bit lower than their target orbit. This causes them to precess faster than the target orbital plane, which allows them to slowly move into position in a different plane. When they get there, they use a small amount of their propellant to boost up to the proper altitude. From there, all the satellites in the plane will precess at the same rate, so they'll form a fairly stable ring of birds in their orbital plane.<br />
<br />
Above, we saw that the planes for the 550 x 53° orbits were spaced 15° apart at the equator. Suppose that, instead of launching straight to 550 km altitude, we deploy things at 400 km. In the 400 km orbit, the orbital plane will precess to the west 0.357° per day faster than at the 550 km altitude. As a result, a Starlink can move from one plane to another in about 42 days. When it gets there, it'll take only 84 m/s of delta-v to move to the 550 km orbit.<br />
<br />
Finally, note also that I don't have any numbers for BFR in here. That's because... well, we'll get to that. But first, we need to talk about...<br />
<h4>
Ranges</h4>
<div>
When aircraft fly, they're controlled by a highly mature infrastructure, consisting of airport operations, ground control of the runways and surrounding airspace, and finally by the national air traffic control system. That infrastructure didn't magically appear overnight; it's the product of more than 100 years of operational experience, and the management of tens of millions of flights. But now it works, and it's reasonably efficient.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Rockets aren't nearly as mature. There have only been about 6100 suborbital and orbital launches in human history. The operations needed to ensure safe launches are complex and poorly standardized. Most important, rockets are thousands of times less reliable than aircraft. They can and do fall out the sky, zip off in unintended directions, and blow up, either in the air or on the ground.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The best concept we've come up with so far to control these things is called a <i>range</i>. There are several ranges in the US, but the two we're interested in are the Eastern Range, through which launches from Kennedy Space Center and Canaveral Air Force Station fly, and the Western Range, through which launches from Vandenberg Air Force Base fly.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The range is responsible for, among other things:</div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Managing communications to and from the vehicle.</li>
<li>Monitoring and communicating weather information.</li>
<li>Tracking of the launch.</li>
<li>Clearing out airspace prior to a launch.</li>
<li>Moving the public and ground operations personnel out of the area around a launch.</li>
<li>Clearing maritime traffic from under the path of the launch.</li>
<li>Coordinating recovery efforts.</li>
<li>Ensuring that errant launches are destroyed before they can damage stuff on the ground.</li>
</ol>
Above all, the range operations are there to ensure the safety of the public. NASA and the Air Force consider a launch to be safe if there is less than a 1 in 10,000 chance of hurting somebody on the ground under any possible track that the launch can take.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
This is a lot like air traffic control, but it's vastly more primitive. It's more like air traffic control if you expected one out of every thirty or forty 737s that took off to crash into a subdivision at the end of the runway.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Right now, before a rocket can launch, the range has to confirm that the airspace along the trajectory is clear for hundreds of kilometers. It has to do the same for maritime traffic. It requires days to weeks of coordination with other agencies to accomplish this. To make things even worse, launches are often delayed for hours waiting for upper level winds to die down, or for a last-minute glitch to be debugged. Launches are horribly disruptive to the air and sea space around them.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In 2018, the Eastern Range will likely handle 20 or 21 launches this year, and they have a "drive to 48" campaign that's suppose to get the to 48 launches per year by 2024. The Western Range will only handle 9 or 10, and its capacity will grow very slowly. Range capacity is by far the limiting factor on how many launches can occur.</div>
<h4>
Launch Azimuth</h4>
<div>
Each range also has a set of headings that it can accommodate. These are a function of the geography, and are chosen to keep the rockets and the stuff that falls off of them from landing on people. The Eastern Range can handle launch azimuths from 35° to 120° (due north is an azimuth of 0°). The Western Range can handle azimuths from 158° to 201°. The East is therefore good for launching things into fairly low orbital inclinations between 28° and 57°, while the West is good for polar orbits, between 70° and 104°. (An inclination greater than 90° is a retrograde orbit, where the orbital path rotates in the opposite direction from the way the Earth rotates. Since launches get a lot of free delta-v from the rotational speed of the Earth, retrograde orbits are hard to reach.)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<i>Now</i> we're ready to talk about BFR.</div>
<h4>
What About BFR?</h4>
<div>
When it comes to Starlink, BFR is... well, complicated.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
One the one hand, one of the justifications for Starlink is to provide a revenue stream for BFR development, so using BFR to launch Starlink has a certain chicken-vs-egg problem. However, a partial Starlink constellation can start to provide revenue long before the full constellation is in place, so maybe BFR, with its high capacity, is what allows Starlink to be deployed before the FCC's drop-dead dates.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Another obvious problem is schedule risk. When you absolutely have to have almost 6000 satellites on-station by late 2024, it would be real bad if, instead of going operational in late 2022, BFR was delayed by a couple of years. And since we're talking about something being scheduled using Elon's personal multiplier, that's a definite possibility.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But when you actually schedule things out against the existing and planned capacity in the two ranges from which SpaceX operates, it soon becomes apparent that it's very, very difficult to get enough birds on-orbit to meet the deadlines <i>without</i> BFR.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
In addition to its huge capacity, BFR comes with a brand new range, one that's operated by SpaceX out of Boca Chica, Texas, on the coast right next to the US-Mexico border. There's no special magic that SpaceX possesses that can make range operations super-efficient, but an extra 12-24 launch slots a year makes a big difference. That number of launches, with the raw capacity of the BFR, makes hitting the Starlink numbers pretty easy.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But... uh, there's a problem. A pretty big one.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Remember that 1 in 10,000 chance of injuring someone on the ground? That implies that for BFR to be adequately safe, it needs to stay out over the water until the BFS is close to achieving orbital velocity. I did a rough simulation of a BFR/BFS launch and, while the BFR core booster has separated and headed back to the launch site for reuse within about 150 km, the BFS doesn't make orbit until it's almost 1500 km downrange.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
If you take a look at a map, you'll notice that it's pretty hard to stay out over the water when launching from Boca Chica. There's really only a narrow range of azimuths that send the BFS through the Florida Straits, south of the Bahamas. Fortunately, that's exactly where you want to go if you're launching heavy payloads to GEO or interplanetary orbits.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But it's not where you launch Starlink satellites.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
For every orbital inclination, there's both a northerly and southerly launch azimuth. Here they are for the Starlink orbits from Boca Chica:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="133"></col><col width="100"></col><col width="100"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"North Azimuth from BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">North Azimuth from BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"South Azimuth from BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">South Azimuth from BC</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":42}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">42.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":138}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">138.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">41.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":138.9}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">138.9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17.9}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">17.9</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":162.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">162.1</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":170}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">170.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":22.4}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">22.4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":157.6}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">157.6</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":42}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">42.0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":138}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">138.0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":48.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">48.1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":131.9}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">131.9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":55.8}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">55.8</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"0.0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":124.2}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">124.2</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<br /></div>
That's a pretty dry set of numbers, so let's plot out some of the interesting ones (leaving out the really high inclinations, which would launch out of Vandenberg) on the map, out to 1500 km:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtftk5JepsEjvEI3BSrV2iP_BCNhctlXyERN38ukf5Th7PAuPsZ8rqlJkda7vniKPSfF8QNh_ptFN0iFtn7V9nCAtjIvlNyJ66BjujSEuwBynyrx6PZ2nC7kVSUYxKcRgTUKVixVeKJkBv/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-12-12+at+12.49.15+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="760" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtftk5JepsEjvEI3BSrV2iP_BCNhctlXyERN38ukf5Th7PAuPsZ8rqlJkda7vniKPSfF8QNh_ptFN0iFtn7V9nCAtjIvlNyJ66BjujSEuwBynyrx6PZ2nC7kVSUYxKcRgTUKVixVeKJkBv/s400/Screen+Shot+2018-12-12+at+12.49.15+AM.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
The problem is pretty obvious: The trajectory for the interesting Starlink orbits goes over millions of people. Now, the actual computation of the risk to the public requires looking at every possible point of the path, estimating the chance of something falling on that spot, and then biasing that chance by the nearby population density. So I can't completely rule out some of the southerly paths that go over a lot of Yucatan jungle, but my intuition tells me that it doesn't look good.<br />
<br />
But there is another possibility: Instead of launching direct to the proper inclination, the BFR could launch through the Florida Straits, achieve orbit, and then execute what's called a "plane change maneuver", where we change the inclination from orbit.<br />
<br />
The problem with these is that they're <i>hideously</i> expensive in terms of delta-v. In fact, they're so expensive that even a single BFS with no payload can't perform both the launch and the needed plane change with its total available propellant.<br />
<br />
However, the BFS is designed to be refuelable on-orbit. So if we launched a bunch of Starlinks, then launched two additional BFS tankers to refuel the one with the Starlinks, we have enough delta-v for some of the inclinations.<br />
<br />
Here's the delta-v, payload, and number of Starlinks chart for BFR, as launched from Boca Chica into a 26° inclination orbit, refueled twice, and then executing a plane change to the target orbit:<br />
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="133"></col><col width="100"></col><col width="100"></col><col width="100"></col><col width="100"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v to 26 degree orbit from BC"}" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v to 26 degree orbit from BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Plane Change Delta-v"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Plane Change Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Payload With 2 Refuels and Plane Change From BC"}" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Payload With 2 Refuels and Plane Change From BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Birds"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Birds</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9518}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,518</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3543}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3,543</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26700}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,700</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9812}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,812</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3507}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3,507</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":21900}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">21,900</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9968}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,968</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5930}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5,930</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10093}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,093</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6668}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">6,668</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10031}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,031</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5392}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5,392</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9403}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,403</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3597}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">3,597</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26600}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">26,600</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">15</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9369}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,369</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2941}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,941</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":58900}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">58,900</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":34}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">34</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9332}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,332</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2146}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,146</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":2,"2":"#,##0","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100000}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">100,000</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":57}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">57</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The number of Starlinks for each launch is horrifyingly low for a rocket that's designed to launch 100 tonnes into LEO. That's because that number is biased by the fact that it takes 3 launches to get to the target orbit <i>at all</i>. The numbers listed are an average covering all three launches. For example, the BFS actually takes 45 birds to the 500 x 53° orbit, but we divide by 3 to come up with the average number.<br />
<br />
So BFR is not a great platform for Starlink. However, it does have two things going for it:<br />
<ol>
<li>The per-launch cost is being advertised as very cheap. ($10M gets bandied about a lot, but I doubt even SpaceX knows yet.) </li>
<li>The BFR can launch from that lovely, uncrowded new range. So if we're range-limited elsewhere (and we are), throwing an extra 20 or 30 launches per year at the problem helps a lot.</li>
</ol>
It should be noted, however, that even if the BFR is pretty cheap, the low average number of birds per launch gives the Falcon Heavy a cheaper launch cost per Starlink for all orbits except the 340.8 x 48° and the 335.9 x 42° orbits. However, cost per satellite really doesn't matter if you can't get what you need launched in time. The extra range capacity provided by Boca Chica is worth the premium SpaceX will pay for using the BFR.<br />
<ol>
</ol>
<h4>
So What's the Answer?</h4>
I can't say I'm completely happy with the model I put together, but I compiled some data on range and pad resources, along with the non-SpaceX demands on them, the SpaceX non-Starlink demands, and finally some semi-reasonable scheduling for the Starlink demands. All of these come with an initial yearly launch rate, an annual growth rate, a maximum rate beyond which they can't grow, and a date at which operations can start.<br />
<br />
Here's what I used:<br />
<br />
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<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="179"></col><col width="64"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="61"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="48"></col><col width="54"></col><col width="67"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Range Capacity"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Range Capacity</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Date Available"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Date Available</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Resources When First Available"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Resources When First Available</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Annual Resource Growth"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Annual Resource Growth</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Max Per Year"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Max Per Year</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Range</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Pad"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Pad</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Launcher"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Launcher</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.33}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">33%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":56}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">56</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":52}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">52</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Pad Capacity"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Pad Capacity</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":52}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">52</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">9</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":26}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">26</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">6</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":52}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">52</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":120}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">120</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":120}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">120</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-SpaceX Demand"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-SpaceX Demand</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ULA Western Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">ULA Western Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":6}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"A5/Vulcan"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">A5/Vulcan</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ULA Eastern Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">ULA Eastern Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"A5/Vulcan"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">A5/Vulcan</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"ULA BC Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">ULA BC Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36161}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-99</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"-"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">-</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Blue Origin Western Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Blue Origin Western Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36161}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-99</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"-"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">-</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Blue Origin Eastern Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Blue Origin Eastern Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43831}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":8}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">8</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"New Glenn"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">New Glenn</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Blue Origin BC Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Blue Origin BC Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36161}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-99</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"-"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">-</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OmegA Western Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">OmegA Western Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44197}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-21</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OmegA"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OmegA</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OmegA Eastern Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">OmegA Eastern Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44197}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-21</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OmegA"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">OmegA</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"OmegA BC Range"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">OmegA BC Range</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36161}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-99</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Other"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Other</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"-"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">-</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink SpaceX Demand"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink SpaceX Demand</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink F9 West SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink F9 West SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink F9 East LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink F9 East LC-40</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":13}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">13</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.05}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink F9 (crewed) LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink F9 (crewed) LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.05}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9/D2"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9/D2</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink FH LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink FH LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43466}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Non-Starlink BFR BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Non-Starlink BFR BC</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44197}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-21</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":20}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"-"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">-</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Starlink Demand"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">Starlink Demand</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43647}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44075}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Sep-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43647}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44197}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-21</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43647}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44075}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Sep-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">5</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":43647}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-19</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44197}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jan-21</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"West"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">West</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"SLC-4E"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">SLC-4E</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-39A"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-39A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44013}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Jul-20</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.1}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">10%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"East"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">East</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"LC-40"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">LC-40</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":5,"2":"d-mmm-yy","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44835}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1-Oct-22</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":12}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">12</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="{"1":3,"2":"0%","3":1}" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25%</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Texas"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Texas</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BC"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BC</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
With this, I got:<br />
<br />
<ul>
<li>2210 phase 1 Starlinks by the end of 1Q2024.</li>
<li>3830 phase 2 Starlinks by the end of 4Q2024 (which actually isn't quite good enough, but it's literally close enough for government work.</li>
</ul>
Both of these numbers meet the FCC's half-constellation "use it or lose it" rule.<br />
<br />
The big takeaway, however, is that I simply can't get this work without two things:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Starlinks starting to launch from the Eastern Range on both FH and F9 platforms by the third quarter of 2019--about 7 months from now.</li>
<li>The BFR launching at least once a month starting in 4th quarter of 2022, and growing by 25% a year thereafter. </li>
</ol>
So the success or failure of Starlink comes down to executing pretty crisply on the BFR, and getting the Texas range humming along at a pretty good clip as soon as the BFR is ready to go.<br />
<br />
Things would get a lot easier if the Eastern Range wasn't just driving to 48, but instead went to something like 56-60 launches a year. But my guess is that that isn't going to happen. As a result, a lot of the burden of executing on this will fall on Boca Chica and the BFR. (Remember: birds go up on the BFR only every third launch; the other two are refueling runs, which likely require that SpaceX has a fleet of at least 6 BFRs to get started.)<br />
<br />
Things also rapidly get out of control if SpaceX can't start launching Starlinks in high volume some time in the next 7 or 8 months. That's not a lot of time.<br />
<h4>
What About Regulatory Relief?</h4>
SpaceX has repeatedly asked the FCC for a relaxation of the the "use it or lose it" rule, given that coming even close will demonstrate their earnestness in using the licensed spectrum, and also given that the range restrictions aren't really going to be their fault. So far, the FCC has denied these requests, but have invited SpaceX to apply for the waiver at a later date.<br />
<br />
So it's not completely implausible that the FCC might take pity on them if things are going pretty well, but they can't quite drum up the capacity soon enough.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, SpaceX as a company and Elon as a person have made some powerful enemies, and Starlink poses an existential threat to an awful lot of vested interests:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>One of the best ways of killing the BFR is to kill the funding needed to complete it, and Starlink revenue is an integral part of that funding. Boeing, Lockheed-Martin, and Northrop-Grumman are all painfully aware that the success of the BFR could easily take them out of the launch business. When you hear the phrase, "military-industrial complex", these guys ought to be in your mental picture every time. They have something like 70 years of experience lobbying legislators and regulators in Washington. SpaceX is a babe in the woods compared to them.</li>
<li>The telecom industry is another heavily entrenched, politically sophisticated industry that stands to lose big from Starlink, although this is a mixed bag: Starlink would be a definitive, permanent answer to the mobile telecom industry's need for backhaul bandwidth (the communications links that take stuff from the cell towers and dump it to the terrestrial network, and vice-versa). But it's also kind of a nightmare, because Starlink has the ability to grow to be a formidable competitor to incumbent mobile networks around the world.</li>
<li>Finally, there are a whole bunch of people in Washington who cordially <i>hate</i> Elon Musk. They don't like his flashiness. They don't like his politics. They don't like the fact that he makes no bones about wanting to squeeze the life out of the world's fossil fuel infrastructure as quickly as possible. None of these people would piss on him if he were on fire, to say nothing of going to bat for him with the FCC. </li>
</ol>
The bottom line here is that SpaceX would be crazy to count on regulatory relief. Yes, they might get it, but there's an excellent chance that they won't. They'll be planning accordingly.<br />
<h4>
Conclusions</h4>
<div>
The bottom line is that Starlink is doable, but it's really, really, <i>really</i> tight. Even minor hiccups in either the manufacturing of the satellites or SpaceX launch operations could cause them to miss the crucial milestones. Significant delays in the BFR can mess things up. A serious launch accident can mess things up.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I'm not quite sure where the crunch will come for Elon and his group. It could be early next year, if the Starlink satellite development isn't proceeding smoothly. By 2020, SpaceX will need to be making Starlinks at a rate of about 600 a year. By 2022, they'll need to be making 1500 a year.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
The crunch could be with BFR, or with the Boca Chica range. Even fairly modest delays put the phase 2 deadlines in serious jeopardy.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Or it could just be the sheer, grinding, sustained operational tempo that's required to pull this off. Make no mistake: Starlink will require SpaceX to go flat-out, launching as many missions as they possibly can, for at least the next 10 years. Launch crews will get worn down. Key people will quit. It's going to be a challenge to maintain an organization that's robust enough to deal with the inevitable hiccups and still keep going, satellite after satellite, launch after launch.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
It's going to be hellish. But one thing's for sure: If SpaceX can pull this off, the world will be changed forever. I'm rooting for them. But I'm worried that failure could pose an existential threat to SpaceX as a company.<br />
<br />
<b>Update 12/17/2018:</b><br />
<br />
One of the things that hadn't occurred to me is that SpaceX can launch the BFR through the Yucatan Channel and get to a 33.2° inclination. That then makes the plane changes about 1000 m/s cheaper, which is huge.<br />
<br />
I've reworked the number of birds per platform, using this idea. I've also figured out exactly how much prop is needed to reach the target inclination, and assumed that a BFS tanker (aka a BFS with no payload and some extra prop in its tanks) can loiter waiting for the next launch of Starlinks, somewhat reducing the number that have to be launched. I've assumed a 20% boiloff while loitering--that number is derived purely by Rectal Extraction.<br />
<br />
Here's what I get:<br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}</style></div>
--><br /><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="ltr" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; font-family: arial,sans,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; table-layout: fixed; width: 0px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><colgroup><col width="98"></col><col width="68"></col><col width="59"></col><col width="57"></col><col width="50"></col><col width="67"></col><col width="66"></col><col width="75"></col><col width="67"></col></colgroup><tbody>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v For F9, FH Canaveral (Also Vandenberg but it's somewhat wrong)"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v For F9, FH Canaveral (Also Vandenberg but it's somewhat wrong)</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Delta-v Boca Chica to 33.2 Inclination"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Delta-v Boca Chica to 33.2 Inclination</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Plane Change From 33.2 Delta-v"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Plane Change From 33.2 Delta-v</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Payload"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Payload</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Payload"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Payload</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Payload With Refuel and Plane Change From 33.2"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Payload With Refuel and Plane Change From 33.2</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Refuelings Needed For Plane Change"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Refuelings Needed For Plane Change</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR 20% Boiloff Adjusted Launches Per Load of Starlinks"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR 20% Boiloff Adjusted Launches Per Load of Starlinks</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9527}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,527</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9508}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,508</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2610}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,610</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":17600}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">17,600</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">36,000</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":88300}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">88,300</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.6}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.72}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.72</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9822}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,822</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9803}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,803</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2610}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,610</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":15700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">15,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30800}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30,800</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":69800}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">69,800</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">4</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9978}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,978</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9959}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,959</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5082}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5,082</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,700</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10103}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,103</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10084}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,084</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":5850}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">5,850</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,000</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10040}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,040</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":10021}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">10,021</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":4543}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">4,543</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":14300}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">14,300</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9413}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,413</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9394}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,394</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2649}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">2,649</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18400}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">18,400</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">36,200</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":95900}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">95,900</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.6}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.6</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":3.72}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">3.72</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9379}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,379</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9360}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,360</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1985}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,985</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":18700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">18,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":36700}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">36,700</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":98200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">98,200</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1.7}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">1.7</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2.84}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2.84</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9341}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,341</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":9322}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">9,322</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":1183}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">1,183</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":19000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;">19,000</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":37200}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">37,200</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,2,"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":100000}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">100,000</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0.9}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">0.9</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":2}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">2</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"Orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">Orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Birds Per Launch"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Birds Per Launch</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Birds Per Launch"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Birds Per Launch</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Birds Per Cargo + Prop Launches"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Birds Per Cargo + Prop Launches</td><td style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Cost Per Bird"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Cost Per Bird</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Cost Per Bird"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Cost Per Bird</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Cost Per Bird"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: bold; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Cost Per Bird</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"550 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">550 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":41}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">41</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":396667}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$396,667</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":280645}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$280,645</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":243902}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$243,902</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1110 x 53.8 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1110 x 53.8 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":27}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">27</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":53}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">53</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":30}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">30</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":440741}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$440,741</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":328302}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$328,302</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":333333}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$333,333</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1130 x 74 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1130 x 74 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":25}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">25</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":476000}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$476,000</td><td data-sheets-formula="=na()" data-sheets-value="{"1":5,"5":{"1":7,"2":1}}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1275 x 81 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1275 x 81 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":24}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">24</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":495833}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$495,833</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"1325 x 70 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">1325 x 70 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":24}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">24</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":495833}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$495,833</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":0}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">#N/A</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"345.6 x 53 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">345.6 x 53 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":44}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">44</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":371875}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$371,875</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":280645}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$280,645</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":227273}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$227,273</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"340.8 x 48 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">340.8 x 48 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":32}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">32</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":60}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">60</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":371875}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$371,875</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":280645}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$280,645</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":166667}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$166,667</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"335.9 x 42 orbit"}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">335.9 x 42 orbit</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":33}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">33</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":62}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">62</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":86}" style="font-family: Calibri; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">86</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":360606}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$360,606</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":280645}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$280,645</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":3,"3":116279}" style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;">$116,279</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"F9 Cost"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">F9 Cost</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"FH Cost"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">FH Cost</td><td data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"BFR Cost"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">BFR Cost</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21px;"><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$11.9M"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$11.9M</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$17.4M"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$17.4M</td><td data-sheets-numberformat="[null,4,"\"$\"#,##0",1]" data-sheets-value="{"1":2,"2":"$10M"}" style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 9pt; overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom;">$10M</td><td style="overflow: hidden; padding: 2px 3px 2px 3px; vertical-align: bottom;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div>
Note that I've also included a per-Starlink launch cost for each of the three platforms. My cost numbers are derived from an exercise I did a while ago, looking at SpaceX's launch costs for the F9 and FH assuming that cores got reused 10 times.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
With these new numbers, I can get both the phase 1 and phase 2 deadlines met, using only 48 Eastern Range launch slots and delaying the BFR until 2Q2023. However, it requires a pretty aggressive ramp, both on the Eastern and Texas ranges, to get there.<br />
<br />
<b>Yet Another Update, 12/19/18</b>:<br />
<br />
Fixed the previous table--I had the wrong F9 and FH costs. BTW, my F9/FH cost model is <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1vYJyhajR3EcGVm0jRoatsU5YJqQsMrStMsAUpFAOFjk/edit?usp=sharing">here</a>.<br />
<br />
I've also gone through the scheduling exercise in a bit more detail, which has allowed me to put a total cost on both the manufacturing and launch of the entire constellation. Assuming it costs $100K to build a Starlink bird, the total cost is about $4.4 billion.</div>
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-->TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-16272368073563151932018-09-05T18:16:00.001-05:002018-09-05T18:17:05.975-05:00Is the Times' Anonymous Op-Ed a False Flag Operation?We'll be talking about <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/05/opinion/trump-white-house-anonymous-resistance.html">this unprecedented anonymous op-ed</a> in the <i>New York Times,</i> which describes the author as
<br />
<blockquote>
...a senior official in the Trump administration whose identity is known to us and whose job would be jeopardized by its disclosure.</blockquote>
The author states:<br />
<blockquote>
The root of the problem is the president’s amorality. Anyone who works with him knows he is not moored to any discernible first principles that guide his decision making.</blockquote>
<blockquote>
Although he was elected as a Republican, the president shows little affinity for ideals long espoused by conservatives: free minds, free markets and free people. At best, he has invoked these ideals in scripted settings. At worst, he has attacked them outright.</blockquote>
<blockquote>
In addition to his mass-marketing of the notion that the press is the “enemy of the people,” President Trump’s impulses are generally anti-trade and anti-democratic. </blockquote>
<blockquote>
Don’t get me wrong. There are bright spots that the near-ceaseless negative coverage of the administration fails to capture: effective deregulation, historic tax reform, a more robust military and more. </blockquote>
<blockquote>
But these successes have come despite — not because of — the president’s leadership style, which is impetuous, adversarial, petty and ineffective. </blockquote>
<blockquote>
From the White House to executive branch departments and agencies, senior officials will privately admit their daily disbelief at the commander in chief’s comments and actions. Most are working to insulate their operations from his whims.</blockquote>
We need to think very carefully about what would have motivated this piece to come out at this moment. The best possible case I can put forward for doing this is that the author is sincere, knew of the timing of the Woodward book, and contacted the NYT with something that would allow them to counter-scoop the <i>Washington Post</i>. Presumably, the motivation is to encourage others to come forward and eventually either force the president from office or at least force him to moderate his behavior.<br />
<br />
But that's nuts.<br />
<br />
Here's what's going to happen:<br />
<br />
<ol>
<li>Trump will further whip his base into a frenzy. Already he seems to be implying that the NYT simply made the op-ed up. Expect further attacks on the press as the primary messaging coming out of the White House.</li>
<li>There will be a full-blown purge of the White House staff, with anybody who even vaguely drags their feet on Trump's directives being whisked away.</li>
<li>The replacement staff will be wall-to-wall toadies.</li>
</ol>
<div>
So the real motivation has to be something that's compatible with this outcome. Or, even more likely, the motivation has to be something that <i>seeks</i> this outcome.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I suppose that there are various "in order to save the village, we had to destroy it" motivations that are compatible with this. Perhaps the author wants to make things so bad that the cabinet or congress has to act via impeachment or the 25th Amendment. But that's a hell of a risk, given that the author describes Trump as incapable of learning what geopolitical reality actually is, and utterly capable of going off disastrously half-cocked at a moment's notice. This doesn't seem credible.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But there is an explanation that fits perfectly: The op-ed is a false flag operation.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Rather than being authored by a member of the internal Trump "resistance", what if the author is a Trump toady who's written this piece at Trump's behest? What if the whole purpose is to provide a pretext for Trump's bigger, gaudier, gold-plated version of Nixon's Saturday Night Massacre?</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I would hope that the NYT has thought this through, and is confident that their source isn't acting as an <i>agent provocateur</i>. I hope this, but I also note that they really did get scooped by the Woodward excerpts, and they might be desperate enough to have expedited the vetting.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I also hope that whoever wrote this is smarter than I am, and has thought through the ramifications of the piece in more detail. I hope this, but I also note that we're talking about somebody working in the Trump White House. There are many fine, first-class minds in Trump's inner circle, but there are also some people who decided to work for Trump for reasons other than a profound sense of duty and patriotism.</div>
TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5572744113321145124.post-52789494849327064142018-04-05T19:13:00.001-05:002018-04-06T00:59:35.730-05:00A Question About "Trade Wars" With ChinaWe're now a few weeks into an ugly tit-for-tat on tariffs between the US and China. Trump started it, but Xi seems perfectly happy to keep up or even escalate it. This seems like it could easily become a Very Bad Thing.<br />
<br />
Still, it begs a question: How much is the flow of American imports into China controlled by pricing, and how much is controlled by industrial policy?<br />
<br />
Suppose we have a US good that's tariff-free into China, but it doesn't sell very well. Are the bad sales because the seller has misjudged the demand for the item on the open market, or does it sell poorly because the word's gone out that companies in which the Chinese state has a significant investment shouldn't buy the product?<br />
<br />
China's state-sponsored capitalism model makes this an important question. If a lot trade is choked off simply because the state is acting as a semi-monopsony, then a trade war featuring Chinese tariff hikes is largely cosmetic. Nothing actually changes, because the game is fixed somewhere else.<br />
<br />
If this is true, then the Trump strategy might be a pretty good one. China has had an asymmetric advantage with relatively free trade, because they can get clean treatment by the free market when they export their goods to the US, but in the reverse case, the game is rigged opaquely by the Chinese state. By imposing tariffs, the US gets an asymmetric advantage while remaining fairly transparent.<br />
<br />
I don't actually know to what extent the Chinese state twists the arms of its client companies on things like this. If it's small, then the tariff wars are going to end very badly for the US. But if the arm-twisting is significant, the US gains a considerable advantage out of the tariffs.TheRadicalModeratehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04671143818738683349noreply@blogger.com0